How can you diagnose a sick animal

Prof. Dr Hamed AttiaDepartment of animal medicineFaculty of veterinary medicine

Zagazig University

How Can You succeed inDiagnosis & treatment A Case

1- Diagnosis(75%). التشخيصالجيد

2-Correct Treatment(25%).

الصحيح العالج

النجاح عوامل

.1-Case history2-Clinical

examination3-Laboratory

examination

1-Correct Diagnosis

AnimalHousingFeed and

water supply

1 -Correct Case History

3 -Laboratory Examination

1-Fecal examination2-Urine examination

3-Blood Film. 4-Serum analysis

5-Isolation & Sensitivity test

4-Ultrasonography

SIGNS OF GOOD HEALTH

EATING ALERT BRIGHT EYES AND A

SHINY COAT NORMAL FECES AND

URINE VITAL SIGNS REPRODUCES

SIGNS OF ILL HEALTH

1) NOT EATING NORMALLY OR DRINKING WATER

2) DECREASE IN MILK PRODUCTION 3) DISCHARGE FROM THE NOSTRILS OR

MOUTH 4) INACTIVE-STANDS IN ONE PLACE

DRAWN-UP

Main Problems in

Farm Animals

I-Problems due to infection

1- Acute Pneumonia2-Acute enteritis .3-Acute mastitis 4-Endometritis

2-Problems due to feeding errors

1- Sipmle indigestion2-Abomasal Displacement.3-Dietatic diarrhea.4-Milk fever and ketosis.4-Vitamin and Mineral Deficiency.

3 -Problems due to Blood Parasites

Babesiosis

Theliriosis

III- Problems due to Infectious diseases

Three day sicknessFMDLumpy Skin Disease

Inspection of the animal as an aid in diagnosis

1

Digestive Problems

1

1-Excessive Salivation without vesicle or ulcers

Organo Ph. Tox.RabiesIndigestionRuminal acidosisDiseases of

salivary glands.Drugs.Obstruction

Salivation due to oesophageal obstruction

2-Salivation due to Ulcers

FMDBVD

Acute tympany

Partial loss of appetiteDecrease milk productionRecurrent tympany T. reticulitis (60%) TB (10%) Diaphg. hernia

(10%) Foreign bodies (20%)

Recurrent tympany

Left abomasal Displacement

Ping SoundIt is heared on the

last two inter-costal ribe on the left side

Diarrhea

Diarrhea in calves

Dietetic diarrheaInfectious diarrhea

Bloody Diarhea

Coccidiosis Hemorrhagic entritis

Partial loss of appetite.

Decrease milkBlack feces

Abomasal ulcer

Chronic Diarrhea in Adult

Paramhostomum (60%) Chronic Fascioliasis (5%) Chronic Salmonellas (5%) Copper deficiency TB (Intestinal TB)

Chronic Diarrhea & Bottle Jaw

1-Johne,s D. Diarrhea Bottle J.)

2-Chronic Fascioliasis2-Renal amylidosis Protine +++ Kidney enlargment

Secondary digestive disorders

1- Sub-clinical ph def.2-Sub-clinical calcium def.3-Ketosis (Digestive form)

Partial loss of appetiteDecrease milk prod.No rumination.Stiffness in gaitPassage of small parts of dry F.

1-Digestive problems due to Ph deficiency

1- Delayed onset of puberty .2- Delayed postpartum estrus. 3- Repeat breeding. 4- Increase incidence of cystic follicles .

Reproductive abnormalities due to ph deficiency

الجاموس فى تحدث الظاهرة هذهشهر 6 - 3فى

2-Digestive problems due to Sub-clinical Ca Deficiency

With History of: Retained placenta , uterine prolapse Decrease of

ruminal wall.(passage of small

semisolid feces).

3 -Digestive form of Ketosis

2-Digestive Form

History of Red urineIn Summer season: Babesiosis (Fever-Tick on the animal).2-In winter season: (Hypophosphatemia -Normal temp)

External parasites (Ticks)

High temperatureHemoglobinuria

Babesiosis

Red Urine

BabesiosisPost parturient hypophosphatemia

ThieleriaHigh temperature

Enlarged L.N Corneal obacity

Metabolic Disorders &

Deficiency Disorders

1-ALERT DOWNERS

Calving paralysis FracturesHypocalcemia HypomagnesemiaHypophosphatemia

Simple indigestion

II-Downer with depression

ImpactionSevere hypocalcemiaSevere hypomagn.Severe .Toxic mastitis

DehydrationToxic metritisUterine torsion

Hypo-magnesemiaCalf Tetany

R/Mg sulphate 5% I/VR/Mg Sulphate 20% S/CR/B complex(B1,B6,B12)R/Muscle relaxant

RicketsCa& Ph deficiency in young animals

Poly-arthritisHigh temperatureHot painful joints

Treatment Antibiotic (Penicillin)

Anti-inflammatory

R/VitE+selleniumR/Divedri Ject

Vitamin E& Selenium def iciency

Healthy improvement after three weeks

Skin affectionsMangeRing wormZinc deficiencyLumpy Skin Diseases

Copper deficiency

Depigmentation and loss of hair around the eye

Zinc Deficiency

EczemaMange in cattle Mange in sheep

External parasites

Ring worm

Skin scrapingT Iodine

Lumpy Skin Disease

Oedematous skin disease Filariasis

Filarisis in camelsEdema in hind limbs

Edema in testis Blood film+

Late Stage of pregnancy or after parturationComplete loss of appetiteAbduction of elbowAbnormal heart sounds

Amputation of urtheral prcess

VingerCevarol 5 Ml

Urolethiasis

Medical treatment of urolethiasis

Alkaline caliculi

Ca carbonate

AcidVingerCevarolAmpoules

Dissolve

Nervous manifestation

MastitisShortcut to Masititis 1.lnk

Causes of Sudden Deathin Calves and Lambs

Entero-toxemia in calves and lambs

وسائل التشخيص تابع

2-Taking body temperature

)A(Normal TemperatureMean in camel 36.5Mean in equines 37.5Mean in cattle 38.5Mean in sheep&goates 39.5

)A(High Temperature: 1-Infections: Pneumonia-Enteritis-Metritis-Mastitis-Arthritis.

2-Blood Parasites:(Babesiosis-Theliriosis)3-Infectious Disesaes:FMD , Three day sickness…….

3-Low Temperature

In cattle: (36.5-37) Sever Impaction+ sternal recumpancy (Bad Prognosis). Toxemia (Before Death). End stage of Theilriosis and Anaplasmosis. Milk fever Sever diarrhea with Lateral recumpancy in new born

calves ( Bad Prognosis)

3-Auscultation

Rumen IntestineHeartLung

4-Laboratory Examination

California Mastitis test

Positive؛

Fecal Examination

Blood Film

Babesia-Thileria- Trypansoma -Pasterolosis.

Babesia Trypansomiasis

IV-Ultr-sonographic Examination

IV-Ultr-sonographic Examination

A case Report:A horse suffering

from :High fever 41cOff foodNot respond to any

antibiotics

Liver abscess

2-Reticular Abscess

Intermentant Fever

Rumen StasisAnorexiaDecrease in MilkLoss of body

weight

2-Reticular Abscess

Abscess in the reticulum

Needle puncturePus discharge

Culturing & Isolation of causative agents:* Staph. aureus growing on a blood agar plate.

Milk S.Nasal S.Rectal S.Urine S.

Isolation and sensitivity test.

األوديمى الجلدى مرض

Main Line of Treatment1-Antibiotic

2-Antihistaminic3-Anti-inflammatory

4-DiuorticN.BSurgical removal

of large absceses

2 -Met Diseases

Calcium Ph Mg ( 3-5 days ) acut cases(1-3 weeks) Chronic cases You should