modeling fiber anisotropy in multiscale musculoskeletal...

MultiScaleHuman

Marie Curie Research training network

Hon Fai Choi

MIRALab, University of Geneva, Switzerland

[email protected]

Modeling fiber anisotropy in multiscale

musculoskeletal soft tissues

1MIRALab, University of Geneva www.miralab.ch

IMI - NTU research seminar Singapore, June 17th, 2014

MultiScaleHuman


Introduction



Anatomical modeling

Static evaluation:

geometry, volumes, …

[HMH14]

[HMH14] Handsfield GG, Meyer CH, Hart JM, Abel MF, Blemker SS. Relationships of 35 lower limb muscles to height and body mass quantified using MRI, 2014.

Hiphealth.ca

www.123rf.com

MultiScaleHuman


Introduction



Anatomical modeling

Tissue structure modeling

Physical simulations

Static evaluation:

geometry, volumes, …

Mechanical response:

elasticity, anisotropy, ….

Dynamic evaluation:

deformation, articulation, …

MultiScaleHuman


Moment:F x r

F

r

Introduction

• Fiber architecture important determinant for function:



Muscles: force and moment generating capacity

Connective tissue: tensile strength weight bearing joint stability

Ligaments

Menisci

Tendons

thesteadmanclinic.com

activemotionphysio.ca

Force

Displacement

)()( tl

tr

MultiScaleHuman


Motivation

• Medical images provide

geometry for anatomical

models:


• How to incorporate

internal fiber structure?

?

http://people.fmarion.edu/tbarbeau


MultiScaleHuman


Motivation

• Measurement anatomical fiber arrangements


Cadaver dissection

Expensive, invasive usually not 3D Sparse measurements Translation to subject-specific models?

Ultrasound Mostly planar measurements limited scan depth

DT-MRI Noisy data Fiber tracing not robust Only works for muscles

[WES09]

[KBK10]

[WES09] SR Ward, CM Eng, LH Smallwood and RL Lieber. Are current measurements of lower extremity muscles architecture accurate?, Clin Orthop Relat Res 467: 1074-82, 2009

[HCK11] RD Herbert, J Clarke, LK Kwah et al. In vivo passive mechanical behaviour of muscle fascicles and tendons in human gastrocnemius muscle-tendon units,

J Physiolology 589: 5257-67, 2011

[BLD07] Budzik JF, Le Thuc V, Demondion X et al. In vivo MR tractography of thigh muscles using diffusion imaging: initial results, Eur Radiol 17:3079-3085, 2007

[KBK10] E Kermarrec, JF Budzik, C Khalil et al. In vivo diffusion tensor imaging and tractography of human thigh muscles in healthy subjects, AJR Am J Roentgenol 195: W352-6, 2010

[HCK11]


[BLD07]

Difficult in 3D

MultiScaleHuman


Motivation

• Medical images provide

geometry for anatomical

models:


• How to incorporate

internal fiber structure?

Computationalapproaches

to generate plausiblerepresentations

http://people.fmarion.edu/tbarbeau


MultiScaleHuman


Related work


Muscles:

Action lines template warping

[MSP09] X Maurice, A Sandholm, N Pronost et al. A subject-specific software solution for the modeling and visualization of muscles deformations. Vis Comput 25: 835-42, 2009.

[BLD05] SS Blemker and SL Delp. Three-dimensional representation of complex muscle architectures and geometries. Ann Biomed Eng 33: 661-73, 2005.

HCL10]: T Heimann, F Chung , H Lamecker and H Delingette. Subject-specific ligament models: towards a real-time simulation of the knee joint. In MICCAI 2009 Workshop Proceedings –

Computational Biomechanics for Medicine, pp 98-109, 2010.

[ERD13]: A Erdemir. Open Knee: A pathway to community driven modeling and simulation in joint biomechanics. In proceedings of the ASME/FDA 1st Annual Frontiers in Medical Devices, 2013.

[MSP09]

[BLD05]

Ligaments/menisci:

centerline + diffusion gradient

Hexahedral mesh

[ERD13]

[HCL10]

• Variety of computational methods proposed


MultiScaleHuman


Related work

• Multitude of methods not practical for medical applications



[MSP09]

[BLD05]

[HCL10]

[ERD13]

[MSP09] X Maurice, A Sandholm, N Pronost et al. A subject-specific software solution for the modeling and visualization of muscles deformations. Vis Comput 25: 835-42, 2009.

[BLD05] SS Blemker and SL Delp. Three-dimensional representation of complex muscle architectures and geometries. Ann Biomed Eng 33: 661-73, 2005.


[HCL10]: T Heimann, F Chung , H Lamecker and H Delingette. Subject-specific ligament models: towards a real-time simulation of the knee joint. In MICCAI 2009 Workshop Proceedings –

Computational Biomechanics for Medicine, pp 98-109, 2010.

MultiScaleHuman


Research question

• Multitude of methods not practical for medical applications

• Common approach possible?

– Fiber architecture is similar across tissues:

• Ordering in bundles running between attachments



Muscles Ligament, tendon

(en.wikipedia.org)

(www.rheumatologynetwork.com)

(ubcmedicalart.wordpress.com)

meniscus

MultiScaleHuman


• Generation fiber orientations based on physical properties:

[CHB13] HF Choi and SS Blemker. Skeletal muscle fascicle arrangements can be reconstructed using a Laplacian vector field simulation. PLoS One 8: e77576, 2013.

Laplacian Method



Laplace

equation0 v

0 v

0

Anatomical model

IdentifyAttachments

Mesh construction

[CHB13]

Solve Laplace field

MultiScaleHuman


[KRS12] Klausen RA, Rasmussen AF, Stephansen AF. Velocity interpolation and streamline tracing on irregular geometries. Comput Geosci 16:261-276.

Laplacian Method



Laplace equation = 0

Robust

FE simulations of deformation

Finite Element (FE) solver

Vector field

Finite Volume (FV) solver

Stress and strain

Flux field

Not robust

[KRS12]

trajectory

tracing

nVfvi

iˆ

i

ii v

xt

ˆ

MultiScaleHuman


Application in muscles



[CHB13] HF Choi and SS Blemker. Skeletal muscle fascicle arrangements can be reconstructed using a Laplacian vector field simulation. PLoS One 8: e77576, 2013.

= 0

[CHB13]

MultiScaleHuman


• Extended approach:

– muscles with internal tendon

Application in muscles



0

f rectus femoris

tibialisanterior

Modify equation to indicate tendon

with source term

Difficult meshing avoided

Awkward surface geometry

Difficult to mesh

MultiScaleHuman


isotropic

with fibers

experiments

0

Application in connective tissues



0

Meniscus: Multiple fibers

Apply in different

directions:

Simulations of knee displacement

Anterior

Cruciate

Ligament

Lateral

meniscus

Lateral

Collateral

Ligament

MultiScaleHuman


Application in connective tissues



[ERD13]Comparison with OpenKnee model:


OpenKnee Laplacian

1f 2f

21 ff acos

MultiScaleHuman


• A Laplacian based approach provides a feasible collective

methodological basis for multiscale tissues

– Advantages:

• Equation based = reproducible

• Templates, parameter tuning avoided

• Fast linear solvers available

• Independent of mesh topology

• Multiple attachments

– Limitations:

• Dependency on boundary conditions

Conclusions



Further validations needed when experimental data are more available

MultiScaleHuman


Conclusions

• Impact on computer assisted intervention applications:

– Simulations of mechanical behavior soft tissue

• Incorporating fiber anisotropy needed for accurate simulation

– A collective method for fiber modeling provides a practical strategy for

implementation with broad range of usability.

– Important applications:

• Predictive deformation modeling for surgical planning

• Simulations for surgical training in arthroscopy

(still isotropic tissues in simulators)


isotropicF

Longitudinal fibers

[DEA04]: H Delingette and N Ayache. Soft tissue modeling for surgery simulation. In Handbook of Numerical Analysis 12 – Computational methods for the human body, pp 453-550, 2004.

[DEA04]

kneeandshoulderclinic.com


MultiScaleHuman



19

Thank you for your attention

Acknowledgements:

• Prof. Dr. Nadia Magnenat – Thalmann

(Supervisor, MSH project coordinator)

• All members of

MIRALab,

University of Geneva

• Institute for Media Innovation,

Nanyang Technological University

MultiScaleHuman project

•European FP7 Marie Curie Actions,

Initial Training Networks

• ITN-2011-289897

•multiscalehuman.miralab.ch

MIRALab, University of Geneva www.miralab.ch

modeling fiber anisotropy in multiscale musculoskeletal...

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