motivation for science learning usep

USEP teacher training Ssali Ally 1

MOTIVATION

By

S s a l i A l l y


(A) motivation for science learning What is motivation?Motivation comes from the Latin word “movere” – “Movi” – “Motum”- Motivation is the driving force by which humans

achieve their goals…Wikipedia - Motivation is the process that stimulates one’s

behaviour- Force that drives one to learn- Mental and psychological readiness to do a task- Stimulus that encourage a certain behaviour- Something that compels one to act


Cont: Motivation in science learning Learner motivation is about his/her desire to be a

part in/of the learning process. Learners are not equally motivated to perform,

and the sources of their motivation may be very different.

Motivation is every bit as important as discipline.


Cont: motivation for Science learning

Motivation could be of two types:

(i) one from within (INTRINSIC) refers to motivation that is driven by an interest or enjoyment in the task itself, and exists within the individual rather than relying on any external pressure.

(i) (ii) one from without (EXTRINSIC) comes from outside of the individual. Common extrinsic motivations are rewards like money and grades,coercion and threat of punishment


Intrinsic type

- Personal/Own interest- Curiosity- Pure enjoyment


The extrinsic type Incentive motivation is a popular business

practice that has found its way into education in the form of offering extrinsic rewards for achievements.

Intrinsic motivation is better with students/learners because extrinsic rewards can interfere with altruism (selflessness) and goal-setting in students/learners.


Cont: Extrinsic type- Gifts- Counseling- Field work- Environment- Punishment- Verbal appreciation

- Written appreciation

- Previous successes

- Role models

- Personality of a teacher


Cont: motivation for science learning

Under Extrinsic, there are re-enforcers that can be both positive and negative

(i) Positive enforcers are:- Good grades- Praise- Privileges e.g. govt sponsorship for

science- Certificate of merit (to thank them)



Negative re-enforcers include:- Bad grades- Bad comments e.g. hopeless, rubbish,

stupid- Punishment- Loss of privileges



As we look at motivation we do not need to forget about Maslow’s hierarchical needs

Physiological needs Safety and security needs Love and belonging needs Esteem needs Self-Actualization needs



Changing views on motivation in institutions

To motivate,

Transfer increased

Responsibility

Human Resources Model

To motivate,

Provide wage incentive

Traditional Model

To motivate,

Meet Employee’s

social needsHuman Relations model

Changing views of motivation adopted from Motivation in Educational Management “Issues and Strategies” by B. Mukhopadhyay


Cont: Motivation for science learning

Group work

(i) What cause lack of motivation among teachers and learners in science?

(i) Suggest possible ways of reducing demotivating factors in science teaching and learning


Demotivation(a list of causes of lack of motivation Incompatible goals Role delusions Insecurity Work load Lack of aspirations

Discontent at home Mismatched students Organisational

complex Excessive

administrative control Misbehaviour of

superiors


Cont: Demotivation (a list of causes of lack of motivation Communication failure External interferences Lack of incentives Conflicts and internal

politics Inadequate resources Demands of social

philosophy

Changing educational needs


Way forward

Be sensitive, and understanding Believe in students’ capabilities Create learning environment that is

pleasant, that is conducive Build on learners interests and intrinsic

values so that we relate the lessons to learners’ lives


Cont: Way forward Students learn by being taught but learn more by

being encouraged Some basic rules to follow when motivating

learners- Ego (Recognition)- Respect- Set standards i.e. Handwriting,

neatness/smartness, speed, organisation & accuracy


(B) PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

Personal development includes activities that improve awareness and identity, develop talents and potential, build human capital and facilitates employability, enhance quality of life and contribute to the realization of... (Wikipedia)


(B) PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

The difference between the rich and the poor is the “state of the mind”

It is the mind which is either up or down It is your attitude that will determine your

altitude You do not need to be rich but to be

financially prudent


Cont: PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

There will never be enough money But need money to work for you

One consultant on financial matters by the name Sserufusa Mukasa (Mr.) discussed this topic to a forum like this one and said that There are twelve (12) key requirements for success


Twelve(12) requirements for success

1. Develop a winning attitude – save big

2. Set time bound concrete goals – imagine a foot ball pitch without goal post, - short term plans, - eliminate waste

3. Personal responsibility for finances with professional advice

4. Pay yourselves – draw up budgets, - plan to save (consider it as an expense)


Cont:Twelve(12) requirements for success

It is not how much you earn that matters but what you retain in a given period. Have a good stopper on your financial drain

5. Find money to invest - write down neatly items you spend on for a

full pay cheque - neatly cross out those items which, when

you leave them out, don’t die or you continue to survive without them


Cont:Twelve(12) requirements for success- Consider some of your resources for future

investment- Stop the leaks in your finances- Generate new income streams- Improve skills to earn more- Realign your assets between selling and

keeping them- Never to borrow in order to consume (i.e. leave within your

means)



- Learn to earn extra income but put a caveat on your health

- Trim your budget to increase your savings, are you aware that every bread you “destroy” is equivalent to thirty five (35) burnt bricks?

- Buying “sleep”, every ten years, you help a land lord to build another house

- Live on a cash budget



6.Invest as an owner but seek professional advice

- Saving a/c- Treasury bills and bonds- Shares/stocks- Buy land (use a lawyer or consult elders)

7. Take advantage of high compound interest



8. Say no to consumer credit

- assets – put more money in your pocket

and liabilities takes it out of your pocket

9.Problems verses Emergencies

- no emergencies you can not plan for

10. Buy only basic insurances



11. Get money (it) slowly

12. Limit the prices of financial access. - payment for finances (capital) is interest

- power of finances is “working together”


Other Quotations that prompt us to develop “The rich man used the same resources as

you have to set up the empire he has” Dickens Nsubuga

“The only person who is educated is the one who has learnt how to learn and change” Care Rogers

“A person with hope is better than that who despairs” Lawrence Ssenkubuge


Cont: Motivation

END

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