my path revision

8/3/2019 My Path Revision

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5/1/12

Pathology Revision

2011




5/1/12

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White Spot Lesion

Causes:• Caries• Enamel Hyperplasia• Fluorosis• Ameliogenisis Imperfecta





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Dentinogenisis Imperfecta

Signs:• Brown, stained enamel• Blue/black enamel

• Risk of Osteogenisis Imperfecta, likely to be fine





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Tetracycline Stain

Appearance:• Stained enamel

• Caused by ingestion of tetracycline during development of teeth




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Amelogenisis

Appearance:• Dentine is weak• Enamel wears down• Dentine fast to wear due to weakness





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Dentinogenisis Imperfacta• Blue/ Grey Enamel• Translucent





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Enamel Hypoplasia





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Focal Enamel Hypoplasia• Focal enamel hypoplasia is also know as Turner’s tooth.• Usually affects a SINGLE tooth• Caused by trauma or infection during development• Multiple restorations before crowning tooth• Tooth mousse, fluoride, temp GICs till age when crown can be placed




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Enamel Hypoplasia• Missing, malformed enamel• Enamel missing from the incisal edges• Infections of teeth above• Trauma to deciduous anterior trauma to decidous teeth




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Enamel Pearl• Round, pearl like growth on root surface• Can be confused with calculus (differential diagnosis)• Can cause bone loss as bone will not form with-in (?mm) of enamel




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Erosion• Smooth, glassy, buccal enamel surfaces• Caused by dry mouth• Ring barking caries• Poor quality saliva





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Erythema Multiforme• Red, ulcerated, irregular, allergic reaction• Common in children• Allergy to drugs• Smost severe- steven johnson syndrome





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Exostosis• Appear on mandible and maxillary• Attrition• Abrasion• Erosion





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External Root Resorption• Evulsion and re-implantation• Ortho• Trauma





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Fissured Tongue• Red, dry, glossitis• Dry mouth (Sjrogrens’)





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Fordyce Granules• Buccal tissues





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Geographic Tongue• Moves around





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Gingival Hyperplasia• Drug Induced

• Calcium channel blockers (BP meds)• Phenytonin (anti-seizure meds)• Cyclosporin (immunosuppressants)

• Hereditary/ Genetics• Hormones




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Glossitis• Inflammation of the tongue• Smooth, shiny, red surface of tongue• Caused by iron deficiency (B12)• Angular chelitis





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Internal Root Resorption• Pink color glowing through the enamel• Restoration





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Linea Gingival Erythemea• HIV





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Plaque Induced Gingivitis





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Carpsies Sarcoma• Dark blue/purple area





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Hermongioma (birth mark)• Vascular• Should blanch if pressed• Bruise (haemotoma)





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Herpetic Whitlow• Type 1 herpes simplex• Finger





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Candidiasis• Red plaque on white base• Symptoms: burning sensation in mouth, halitiosis• Can wipe off • Loose dentures, immunosupressed, xerostomic





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Hyper-keratosis• Tissues become more keratinised• Caused by trauma, smoking, ill fitting dentures, extractions sites

(smoking during healing)




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Denture Stomatitis• Lingular inflammation





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Leukoplakia• Lateral border of the tongue, floor of mouth• Asymptomatic• HIV patients• Smokers• Heavy alcohol drinkers• Risk factor or squamous cell carcinoma• Remove symptoms and it can resolve





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Liken Planus





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Primordal Cyst





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Staphnies Cyst





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Tori• Palatal• Lingual• Buccal (exostosis)





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Pyogenic Granuloma





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Lingual Variscosities





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Swollen Lymph Node





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Linea Alba





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Microdontia





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Nutrient Canals





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Papiloma/Veruca Volgaris• Wort• Benign• Slow growing• Papillary projections, “cauliflower-like” surface

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