nano mpi technology and application presentation (0915)

Capabilities and Products 2015

Nano Materials and Processes, Inc.

Copyright 2011-2015 Nanomaterials and Processes, Inc.

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Mission

• NMPI creates engineered solutions through the application of detonation synthesis nanodiamonds (DSND)

• NMPI solutions apply to the fields of

– Tribology

– Electrochemistry/Coatings

– Composite materials

– Medicine

– Fuel economy and emissions reduction Copyright 2011-2015 Nanomaterials and

Processes, Inc. 2

Products

• Additives sold as end products or sold as OEM enhancement for existing products

• An extensive variety of lubricant additives for engines, transmissions, hydraulics, machining, pumps, gears, bearings and similar applications

• Custom blended enhancements for one and two-part resin systems – any cure method

• Electrochemistry enhancements for strength, durability or improved finish

• Medical applications

Copyright 2011-2015 Nanomaterials and Processes, Inc. 3

Core Technology

• Detonation Synthesis Nano Diamonds (DSND) – Also “Ultra Dispersed Diamonds”

• Created by controlled explosion of TNT type substances • Discovery dates to 1960’s in Eastern Europe • Unique refining process; application specific grades

from 2 to10 nanometers (nm) or custom; graphenated, nongraphenated or blended; modified characteristics engineered to each application

• Go from creation to finished product as a continuous process

• Applications in use in military and business for > 30 years


The initial crystal sizes of detonation synthesis nanodiamond (DSND) particles used range from 3 to 10 nm initial crystal size, depending on the conditions of conducting the detonation synthesis process.

Detonation synthesis nanodiamonds are very stable carbon compounds within the stated size interval. Their surface has high activity due to the availability of functional groups upon which DSND is dependent for its properties.

Copyright 2011-2014, Nano Materials and Processes, Inc. .

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The four major properties of nanodiamonds: small size, exceptional surface area in minute quantity (up to 450 m2/g), ability to adsorb impurities and very high surface activity, enable their ability to modify materials or environment in or on which they are distributed resulting in changed physical, chemical or mechanical properties of that material, facilitation of processes, or catalytic action changing a chemical reaction.

6 Copyright 2011-2015 Nanomaterials and Processes, Inc.

Test Bed for nanodiamond chromium plating.

Introduction of hard, dispersed particles such as oxides, nitrides, borides, carbides, or natural diamonds into electroplated coatings increases their micro-hardness and wear resistance. This results from the reduction of size of deposited metal crystals and availability in the plating of a large quantity of super hard particles. The micro-particles deposited together with metal act as nuclei of crystallization. So the tinier the particle size, the more dispersed is the crystal structure of the plating. Micro-hardness (and wear resistance of the metal increases in proportion to d‾½ where “d” is crystal size.


Detonation Synthesis Nanodiamonds (DSND) are the best choice for this purpose, possessing the entire set of unique properties required and differentiating them from known fillers. Nanodiamonds are submicroscopic ranging from 2 to 10 nm, are almost spherical shape without cutting edges, and have large specific surface area (up to 450 m2/g) and high surface energy.

DSND easily form aggregates and their surface energy depends on functional groups on their surface. Solution of the aggregation problem and that of how to modify the nanodiamond surface provide the basis for development of technology that applies DSND chromium plating with consistent results. Our Company has conducted research on (a) development of methods of preparation, modification and introduction of DSND particles into chromium plating electrolytes to obtain repeatable positive results and (b) development of production procedures for application of DSND chromium plating on a large variety of products and materials.


Surface Tension

Surface tension is directly related to thin film tension. DSND at ~4-6 nm significantly increases the thin film tension of a fluid. All strength and adhesion related improvement relies on this.

•Oil will stick to a surface providing longer and better lubrication

•Paint and/or chemically applied films are more difficult to penetrate thus as a result of stronger surface film

•In the above pictures, if DSND is added, in place of the two paperclips the fluid might hold four or more; instead of one insect, more of them or a larger creature


Micro Structure of Metal

Nanodiamonds “catch in Voids

The “powdered donut effect”


Engine Oil, Hydraulic & Grease Additive Effects

• DSND acts as “filler” and “polish” at near molecular level

• Reduces wear by interfering with micro metal point contact in surface slide conditions & improving finish at < 1 micron level

• Improves compression cycle

• Under high pressure and temperature, DSND migrate into combustion gas improving completion of combustion

• High pressure performance evidenced by Falex pin and V-block test > 5X conventional pressures w/o final weld lock


ASTM D3233 D2625 A&B Falex Pin & V Test Results – Oil Additive

PIN AND V TEST DATA SUMMARY AND COMPARISON

PSI Load Wear Scar Coefficient of

Friction

Oil Only, No Break-in 81,605 0.225 0.116

Nanodiamond, 48-Hour

Break-in 95,709 0.190 0.101

Improvement 17.3% 15.6% 12.9%


Engine Oil Additive

• Conditioning additive – initial treatment for worn engines

• Protect additive – ongoing performance improvement

– Extends engine life 2X+

– Extends engine oil & additive package life 2X – 4X

– Improves engine thermal stability by reducing thermal shellac effect in oil heat exchangers such as engine oil passages and galleries

– Increased horsepower (AVL dynamometer)

– Reduces diesel soot particulates

Copyright 2011-2015 Nanomaterials and Processes, Inc.

NASCAR Team Results 2012 Season

• Engine ran cooler; able to partially cover radiator to reduce drag

• Engine & gear internal components reusable after 5 races instead of scrapped; showed continuous improvements race-to-race

• Maximum RPM achieved more quickly throughout power band; improved coast down response

• Dynamometer tests: +6-8 hp

• Chassis dynamometer tests: +13 hp


Hydraulic Additive

• Reduces wear due to scuff

• Extends hydraulic fluid & additive package life

• Maintains mechanical thermal stability in continuous operation

• Improves thermal stability by reducing thermal shellac layer in oil cooling passages and improving removal of heat

• Improved life of rotating components through reduced wear at high pressure


Fuel Additive

• Applies to hydrocarbon based fuel systems

• Improves combustion efficiency by acting as a catalyst to free oxygen

• Significant reduction of CO, NOX, CH, Soot emissions

• Improves fuel system moving component life

• Increases Octane rating and power output

• Positive impact on fuel economy of up to 15% (highly variable)

• Reduces use of DEF for NOX emissions and the quantity of regen cycles to eliminate collected soot in diesel systems


DSND Fuel Additive Tests - Preliminary

Gasoline Engine with Catalytic Converter

Measured Outputs

At Idle Under Load At Idle Under Load At Idle

Without

Nanodiamond

With

Nanodiamond

Without

Nanodiamond

With

Nanodiamond

Improvement

With

Nanodiamond

CO% 0.12 0.07 0.26 0.15 42.31%

Hydrocarbon

ppm 172 128 50 41 18%


Fuel Additive Tests - Preliminary

Diesel Engine without Catalytic Converter

Measured Outputs

At Idle Under Load

Without DSND

With NDSND

Without

DSND

With DSND

Improvement W/ DSND Test 1 Test 2 Test 1 Test 2

CO% 7.7 8.4 7.82 1.2 0.7 1.05 27.08%

Hydrocarb

on ppm 396 425 351 127 95 111 18.9%


DSND Enhanced Resin Systems

• One or two-part, off-the-shelf systems • Any cure method • Improves mechanical strength • Extends range of applications for metals

replacement; opportunity for weight reduction • Add specific characteristics that cannot be

created with filler • Reduces amount of fiber needed in composites • Improves cure-to-cure standard deviation of

measured strength


Resin System Test Results

Resin System with Un-graphenated Nanodiamond vs. Base Peak Force At

Failure (lbs.)

Stress At Peak Force

(PSI)

Baseline Test Avg. 111.7 6162.1

(No DSND) SD 20.1 1026.7

% (SD/Avg) 17.995% 16.662%

With DSND Test Avg. 150.8 7035.8

(high % test) Standard Deviation 11.8 547

% (S/Avg.) 7.825% 7.775%

Improvement Strength 35.004% 14.179%

Improvement Standard Deviation 41.294% 46.723%


Chemical / Electrochemical Deposition Solutions

• Custom developed for the application

• Used with existing chemistry

• Adds protective layer to surface

• Useful for enhanced finish appearance with greater durability

• Tools, dies, stamps, mandrels

• Components (e.g., piston rings, bearings, crank)

• Finished surfaces


Non-cosmetic, Mechanical Coatings

• Increased mechanical surface strength

– Abrasion resistance

– Surface tension

• Increased surface lubricity

• Increased surface life

• Increased adhesion to base metal

• Reduction or elimination of unfavorable reactions between fluids and base metals

• Increased life for continuous stamping dies


Plating, Chroming & Electrochemical Deposition Results

Measurement Typical Benefit

Micro-hardness of the plating, Vickers HV, kg/mm 1200-1400

Recommended plating depth on the working surface,

micron (unique to 1 micron) 5-20

Increase of the service life with plating 2-15 X

Increase of adhesion to the base, % 30-40%


Existing Solutions: Lubricants

• Engine Oil

• Pump / Compressor Oil

• Grease

• Gear Oil

• Tapping/Cutting Fluid

• Mud Motor Lubricant

• Hydraulic fluid

• Extreme Conditions


Existing Solutions: Fuels

• Diesel fuel

• Gasoline

• E85

• Dispensing system


Existing Solutions: Electrochemical Deposition and Coatings

• Chrome, Nickel, Copper

• Noble Metals (custom)

• Hardened Surface Finish


Existing Solutions: Tools & Components


Saw blade

Key way cutter

Die

Tap

End Mill

Miter saw blade

Shaper Cutter Sizing Die

Extrusion Pellet

advancing screw

Drill bit

Meat Grinder

blades

PCB Drill Bits Cam

Hole saw

Piston rings Diesel Fuel

injector tip

Existing Solutions: Chroming


Existing Solutions: Resin Systems

• Resin system additive

• One or two-part epoxy

• Any cure method

• Distributed by Soller Composites


For More Information

• Website: www.nanompi.com

• Marshall Weingarden, President, [email protected]

• Andrey Factor, Vice President-Engineering, [email protected]


http://www.nanompi.com/

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

nano mpi technology and application presentation (0915)

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