The Age of Napoleon

Napoleon Rises to Power

(pgs 592-593

Napoleon Rises To PowerBorn in Corsica which was French ruledSent to France for a military careerLieutenant when the revolution broke outFavored Jacobins & republican ruleIdeas & personalities of French Revolution

confusing

Victories Cloud LossesRose quickly in the army during turmoilForced British out of French PortCaptured most of Northern ItalyPeace made by Hapsburg EmpireNetwork of spies & censoring the pressNapoleon’s ambition was successBecame Political leaderOverthrew directory & set up the ConsulateWas named Consul for life

Napoleon Crowns himself Emperor“Emperor of the French”Invited Pope to preside over his coronationDuring ceremony, Napoleon took crown from

popeShowed throne was meant for himHeld a PlebisciteHeld absolute power

Napoleon Reforms France

(pgs. 593-594)

Reforms in LawIn 1804 Napoleon took on Frances legal system.Laws were based on Roman Law, ancient custom or

monarchial paternalism.Laws were changed during the Revolution, which was

difficult to determine what law applied in any given situation

Not all laws applied to everyone.Under Napoleon laws were codified and written

clearly so that the people could determine what law applied.

Reforms in EducationNapoleon recognized the importance of

education and built lycees.Believed that if you stated an education at a

young age it would create civilized citizens.Didn’t educate woman.

Napoleon Builds an Empire

(pgs 594-596)

1804 - 1812Flourished on the battlefieldFought against combined European powersLittle care for lose of menEvery battle had a different plan “Never interrupt your enemy when he is

making a mistake” Napoleon Bonaparte

Strikes BritainOnly country in Europe that stood outside his

Empire1805 – Battle of Trafalgar, southwest coast of

Spain Admiral Horatio Nelson smashed French fleet

Map of Europe is Re - DrawnAnnexed the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany

and parts of ItalyCreated 38 – member Confederation of the

RhineControlled through forced diplomacySuccess boosted spirit of nationalism

Napoleon’s Empire Faces Challenges

(pgs 596-597

ChallengesNationalism unleashed revolts against FranceThe people thought of Napoleon as an

oppressor

More ChallengesSpain and Austria

battled FranceRussia winter

defeats the Grand Army

“All the fire-engines carried away.” (PS)

Napoleon Falls From Power

(pgs 598-599)

Napoleon Abdicates BrieflyIn 1814, Napoleon abdicates his

position and is exiled to Elba, a Mediterranean island

Louis XVIII recognized as KingAccepts Napoleonic Code and

everything goes bad Economic Depression and Émigrés' return

Napoleon returns to cheering crowds

Battle of WaterlooNapoleon’s triumph is short lived

100 days while enemies assembleForces clash in Waterloo, Belgium

Prussians under General Bulcher and British under

the Duke of Wellington France crushed and Napoleon exiled

Napoleon’s LegacyDies in 1821 but is considered a living legend

Napoleonic code, Constitution, and public elections

Conquests spread ideas throughout the world’Nationalist feelings across EuropeActions help form GermanySparks American Expansion

Leaders Meet at the Congress of Vienna

Wyatt M

Congress of ViennaWaterloo: September 1814 to June 1815Included diplomats and heads of stateGoal: Lasting peace through protection of monarchy and balance of power.Host Emperor Francis I of Austria had diplomats andRoyalty partyWork fell to rulers of Austria, Russia, Britain, and France

Congress Strives for PeaceMost rulers had individual goals to benefit their countryPeacemakers- Ring France with strong countriesPromoted legitimacy: Restoring hereditary monarch-ies overthrown by Napoleonor French RevImmediate goals achieved-Lasting peace

Congress Fails to See Traps AheadQuadruple Alliance(AUS, RS, PR, GB)Concert of Europe- Powers meet periodically to

discuss issuesDecisions influenced Europe for next centuryNext decades- Nationalism hurt Europe and Latin

America

Age of Napoleon

Born August15th, 1769 in Corsica, France

Late 1793 starteda dazzling series of victories which sparked his career

Reformed France through order, security, and efficiency

Invaded Russia in 1812which stared his downfallwith a series of failedcampaigns and eventually abdicated in 1814

Trained for military9. He was a 20 years old and a lieutenant atthe start of revolution

By December 2nd, 1804,he had gained enough power and crowned himself emperor

1802 – 1812 promotedhis reputation. Annexed Netherlands, Belgium andparts of Italy and Germany

Returned to the throne in 1815in glory for 100 days before being defeated in Waterloo. He exiled to

St. Helena and died in 1821