NATIONAL MINERAL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION

VOCATIONAL TRAINING REPORT MINES NAME- BAILADILA IRON ORE

MINES,KIRANDUL

Submitted by – PRANJAL SAO

CONTENTS :- • INTRODUCTION• GEOLOGY• MACHINERIES• STEPS FOR EXPLORATION• DRILLING• CHARGING• BLASTING• LOADING & DUMPING• CRUSHING• SCREENING• LOADING FOR TRANSPORTAION

INTRODUCTION :-Bailadila Iron Ore Mines(commonly known as BIOM)

is located 100km away from Jagdalpur. It is run by NMDC ltd. Which is a public limited company incorporated under the Ministry of Steel,Govt. of India in 1958.

The BIOM consists of mines located at Kirandul as well as Bacheli.

BIOM

KIRANDUL

14 11C

BACHELI

13

GEOLOGY :-In the year 1934-35,Dr. Crook Shank and Dr. P. K. Ghosh of Geological Survey of India mapped the entire range geologically (1”=1 mile) scale for the first time. Crook Shank(1938) divided the Iron Ore occurrences of bailadila range into fourteen distinct deposits numbering 1 to 14.P.K.Ghosh etal of GSI geologically mapped the area on 1”=100 feet in 1961-63 and estimated the total reserves of the tune of 1135 million tonnes.

Cntd…

GEOLOGY Cntd… :-• Investigation By NMDC :-

Following long term agreement for the iron ore export to Japan,NMDC comissioned its first mechanised mines in Bailadila Deposit-14 which has been in production since 1968. Anticipating certain constraints like handling of more waste from lower benches,having less ore reserves etc. it was necessary to develop an alternating deposit adjacent to Deposit-14 to initially supplement and finally replace Deposit-14 mine for continued economic utilisation. Based on the initial exploration conducted by NMDC,deposit-11C was considered suitable to supplement/replace Deposit-14 mine in future.

MACHINERIES :-NAME OF MACHINE NUMBERS OF

MACHINESSIZE/CAPACITY

ELECTRIC SHOVEL 4 8 mtr cube

DRILLING MACHINE(IDM) 5 250MM dia & 150mm dia

GRADER 3 -

DOZER 4 -

LOADER(FEL) 1 20-25 TONNES

DUMPER 11 85 TONNES & 100 TONNES

WATER TANK 3 635 LITERS

PUMP TRUCK 9 12 TONNES

ELECTRIC SHOVEL• The mining shovel

is designed & constructed to provide efficient service under the most severe conditions.

• The machine is built to the highest possible standards and will provide trouble free operations if properly maintained.

ELECTRIC SHOVEL cntd…MAKE – BemlMODEL - 182-MCOST – 20-25 croresPOWER – Electric (6.6KV)BUCKET CAPACITY – 8 mtr cube(volume)

Number of E.S. present atDeposit-11C is 04 i.e.,ES-20 , ES-21 , ES-23 , ES-24

DRILL MACHINE

• The INDIAN DRILL MASTER(IDM) is designed specially for the purpose of making blast holes provided with appropriate whole diameter.

DRILL MACHINE cntd…MAKE – BUCYRUSMODEL – COST - 2.5 croresPOWER – Electric (6.6KV)DRILLING METHOD – Rotary DrillingDrill Rod Length – 7mtrs

(2 rods can be connected togather as per requirement,hence a max depth of 14mtrs can be drilled)

No. of IDM – 05 i.e., (IDM-1,IDM-4A,IDM-

5A,IDM-7 are of 250mm dia & IDM-17 is 150mm dia)

MOTER GRADER(MG)• A Grader is generally

used in an OPEN CAST mines for the purpose of levelling the ground wherever required.

• MAKE – Beml• MODEL – BG 825• TYPE – Diesel operated,• 4 stroke• FLYWHEEL POWER –

2100rpm• No. of CYLINDERS – 6

DOZER• A BULDOZER is referred to

simply DOZER.• It is a tractor with a pusher

blade attached to the front portion.

• A Dozer blade is used for pushing loose materials or for digging in Soft weathered rock.

• MAKE – Beml• MODEL – BD 355• TYPE – Diesel• 4 stroke• FLYWHEEL POWER –

2000rpm

LOADER(FEL)• FRONT END LOADER

(FEL) is a heavy equipment machine used to load materials from surface to any transporting body such as Dumper.It is hydraulically operated.

• MAKE – CAT• MODEL – 992K• TYPE – Diesel

• There is only one FEL present in the deposit 11C

DUMPER• Dumpers are the main mode of transportation used in an

opencast mine.• The dumpers are used in each n every mines for transporting the

Mineral/Ore from working place to the crushing plant.

• Dumpers are diesel operated vehicles which are designed specially to make the transportation of mineral easy for further process.

DUMPER cntd…• MAKE – CAT• MODEL – 777D• CAPACITY – 100tonnes & 85tonnes• ENGINE – Diesel Operated

IN DEPOSIT – 11C :-

• Total 11 dumpers are in operation which are operated for transporting both the Mineral to crushing plant and waste to the Waste Dump.

• Out of these 11 dumpers 9 are of 85 tonne while the other 2 are of 100 tonne capacity.

WATER TANK

• Water tanks are used to feed water to the roadways so as to reduce the dust particles.

• Tank Capacity – 4500-6000 litres.

• It is diesel operated…

PUMP TRUCK• A pump truck is the

truck though which the EMULSION is brought to the place of blasting and also a system is provided in it to fill the blast holes with suitable amount of emulsion as per requirement.

PUMP TRUCK cntd…

• MAKE – Orica(3),Navbharat (3),KEL(3)

• TANKER CAPACITY – 12tonnes

• Diesel Operated

• Supply of emulsion is controlled by a system board provided on the right side of the vehicle.

STEPS FOR EXPLORATIONFor every mines,three steps are compulsory to extract the minerals/ores and they are :-

DRILLING(IDM is used)BLASTING(SME,Booster is used)LOADING(Electric Shovel is used)

DRILLINGIn simple words, drilling can be defined as “The use of any machine to create holes for exploration or for charging of Explosives.”

Through drilling, we create BLAST HOLES of depth around 14mtrs on the bench of 12mtrs.The number of blast holes depends upon the nature of Strata.If strata is loose then less number of holes are required but for harder surface,more numbers of blast holes are to be drilled.

Rotary drilling is used in NMDC for creating the blast holes and this work is done though the machine called as IDM.

CHARGINGCHARGING is the process in which “The explosives are loaded into a blast hole for the purpose of blasting the material into which the hole is drilled.”

PRIMEX

NONEL

D.F.

EMULSION(SME)

STEMMING

MATERIALS FILLED IN THE BLAST HOLES WHILE CHARGING :-

• EMULSION – S.M.E.(Site Mixed Emulsion) is used in an opencast mines as explosive because it is powerful enough to break the hard rocks.

• BOOSTER – PRIMEX is used as a booster which boosts/initiates the SME for the explosion.

CHARGING Cntd…

NONEL

NONEL – Non-Electric Initiation;A NONEL is used to initiate the booster.Its one end is connected to the booster while other end is brought up to the surface.D.F. – Detonating Fuse; A DF is also used as initiator to the PRIMEX, it is used as a backup so as if due to any reason NONEL fails to initiates DF does the job.

STEMMING :- Materials such as fine gravels, that is placed on top of blast holes. When the explosives are fired, the stemming locks together from the expanding gasses, and keeps the force of the explosion in the borehole until rock begin to break.

BLASTING :-Breaking of rock with the help of explosives is

called BLASTING.It is preferred because its cheap and there is a

flexibility in this method.

Blasting is done in a mine at afternoon time during shift change or during the lunch time because at that time the workers are not at the site and hence the work is not affected a lot as well as it becomes more safe.

BLAST SHELTER

LOADING & DUMPING :-After Blasting, the loose rocks are available to be transported to the Crushing Plant for further process hence the loose rocks so obtained are loaded to the Dumpers through Shovels and then dumpers dump these materials at Hopper.

CRUSHING :-The materials obtained through blasting are not of regular size so they are needed to be broken into regular size which is done in the CRUSHING PLANT. The process at crushing

plant advances in following manner :-

• Dumper dumps irregular shaped material at hopper.

• Material is passed from Hopper to Apron Feeder and then to Grizzly.

• The small particles fall down through grizzly to a conveyor belt.

CRUSHING Cntd :-• Those minerals which couldn’t fall

through grizzly passes to the Primary Crusher.

• The rocks of larger size are broken into smaller piece and then forwarded through the conveyor.

• These minerals are again passed through a grizzly and Secondary Crusher for further reduction in their size.

• When the rock minerals are broken into regular sizes,then they are sent to the screening plant through a number og conveyors connected to eachother from top of the hill to the bottom where the Screening Plant is situated.

SCREENING :-Screening is the practice of taking granulated ore material

and separating it into multiple grades by particle size.

From NMDC, three different sizes of ores are transported and they are as follows :-

LUMP

CLO

FINES

40-150 mm

10-40 mm

0-10 mm

LOADING FOR TRANSPORTATION :-When the ore minerals are divided into different grain sizes, they are brought from screening plant to the Loading Plant where the minerals are loaded to the transport medium(TRUCK or RAILS).

The B.I.O.M. transports its material to many places VIZAC being at the top. Other companies which take iron ores from NMDC are MONET, SHARDA, KIOCL, BSP, ESSAR etc.Some ore minerals are also transported to Japan, China & Korea.