Nordic Institute of NavigationNordic Institute of Navigation E-Navigation Conference E-Navigation Conference

IHO IHO andand e-Nav e-Nav

Robert WARDRobert WARDDirector, Director,

International Hydrographic OrganizationInternational Hydrographic Organization

FormerlyFormerly• Deputy Hydrographer of AustraliaDeputy Hydrographer of Australia• Chairman, IHO Technical Committee - “CHRIS”Chairman, IHO Technical Committee - “CHRIS”

Now:Now:• Co-Director, International Hydrographic OrganizationCo-Director, International Hydrographic Organization

IHO Technical ProgramIHO Technical Program

e-Navigatione-Navigation - Fundamental Requirements - Fundamental Requirements

Robust electronic position-fixing systemsRobust electronic position-fixing systems Agreed infrastructure of communications to Agreed infrastructure of communications to

link ship and shore link ship and shore Electronic Navigation Chart (ENC) coverage of Electronic Navigation Chart (ENC) coverage of

all navigational areas all navigational areas

TopicsTopics

Role of IHORole of IHO

International FrameworkInternational Framework

ENC CoverageENC Coverage

Role of IHORole of IHO

Coordination of activities of national HOsCoordination of activities of national HOs Greatest possible uniformity in nautical Greatest possible uniformity in nautical

charts and publicationscharts and publications Adoption of reliable and efficient methods Adoption of reliable and efficient methods

for hydrographic surveysfor hydrographic surveys Development of related sciences and Development of related sciences and

techniquestechniques

Role of IHORole of IHO

Established 1921Established 1921 80 Member States80 Member States Recognized competent authority at UN Recognized competent authority at UN

(IMO, IOC, et cetera)(IMO, IOC, et cetera)

Headquarters – MonacoHeadquarters – Monaco Bureau Staff - 19Bureau Staff - 19

IHO – CommitteesIHO – Committees

• Committee on Hydrographic Committee on Hydrographic Requirements of Information Requirements of Information Systems (CHRIS)Systems (CHRIS)

• The Worldwide Electronic The Worldwide Electronic Navigational Chart Database Navigational Chart Database (WEND) Committee(WEND) Committee

• Capacity Building Committee (CBC) Capacity Building Committee (CBC)

Role of IHO

International FrameworkInternational Framework

ENC Coverage

SOLAS V, Regulation 9SOLAS V, Regulation 9

Contracting Governments (167) undertake to:Contracting Governments (167) undertake to: Arrange to Arrange to collectcollect and compile hydrographic data, and compile hydrographic data,

and to and to publish, disseminate and updatepublish, disseminate and update all nautical all nautical information necessary for safe navigationinformation necessary for safe navigation

Ensure the greatest possible Ensure the greatest possible uniformityuniformity in charts and in charts and nautical publicationsnautical publications

Coordinate activities and ensure Coordinate activities and ensure global availabilityglobal availability of of hydrographic and nautical informationhydrographic and nautical information

SOLAS V, Regulation 9SOLAS V, Regulation 9

…….. In particular they undertake to:.. In particular they undertake to: Ensure that hydrographic surveys are carried outEnsure that hydrographic surveys are carried out Prepare and issue nautical charts and other nautical Prepare and issue nautical charts and other nautical

publicationspublications Promulgate Notices to MarinersPromulgate Notices to Mariners Provide data management arrangements for the Provide data management arrangements for the

above servicesabove services

SOLAS Chapter V, Regulation SOLAS Chapter V, Regulation 1919

All ships, irrespective of size, shall have:All ships, irrespective of size, shall have:

Nautical charts and nautical publications to plan Nautical charts and nautical publications to plan and display the ship’s route for the intended and display the ship’s route for the intended voyage and to plot and monitor positions voyage and to plot and monitor positions throughout the voyage;throughout the voyage; an electronic chart display an electronic chart display and information system (ECDIS) may be accepted and information system (ECDIS) may be accepted as meeting the chart carriage requirements of this as meeting the chart carriage requirements of this subparagraphsubparagraph;;

SOLAS V, Regulation 2SOLAS V, Regulation 2

Nautical chart Nautical chart or or nautical publicationnautical publication is a special-is a special-purpose map or book, orpurpose map or book, or a specially compiled a specially compiled database from which such a map or book is derived, database from which such a map or book is derived, that is that is issued officially by or on the authority of issued officially by or on the authority of a Government, authorized Hydrographic Office a Government, authorized Hydrographic Office or other relevant government institutionor other relevant government institution and is and is designed to meet the requirements of marine designed to meet the requirements of marine navigation*.navigation*.** Refer to appropriate Refer to appropriate resolutions and recommendationsresolutions and recommendations of the of the International International

Hydrographic OrganizationHydrographic Organization concerning the authority and responsibilities of concerning the authority and responsibilities of coastal States in the provision of charting in accordance with regulation 9.coastal States in the provision of charting in accordance with regulation 9.

UN Assembly ResolutionUN Assembly ResolutionA/58/240 (2003)A/58/240 (2003)

Oceans and the Law of the SeaOceans and the Law of the Sea

Invites the International Hydrographic Organization and Invites the International Hydrographic Organization and the International Maritime Organization to continue their the International Maritime Organization to continue their coordinated efforts, to jointly adopt measures with a view coordinated efforts, to jointly adopt measures with a view

to encouraging greater international cooperation and to encouraging greater international cooperation and coordination for the transition to coordination for the transition to electronic nautical electronic nautical

chartscharts and to increase the coverage of hydrographic and to increase the coverage of hydrographic information on a global basis, especially in the areas of information on a global basis, especially in the areas of

international navigation and ports where there are international navigation and ports where there are vulnerable or protected marine areas;vulnerable or protected marine areas;

IMO ResolutionIMO ResolutionA/958/23 (2003)A/958/23 (2003)

Provision of Hydrographic ServicesProvision of Hydrographic Services

INVITES Governments, in addition to their existing INVITES Governments, in addition to their existing obligations under SOLAS regulation V/9, to:obligations under SOLAS regulation V/9, to:

(a)(a) Promote through their national maritime Promote through their national maritime administrations, the use of administrations, the use of Electronic Chart Display Electronic Chart Display and Information Systems (ECDIS)and Information Systems (ECDIS) together with the together with the use and further production of official use and further production of official Electronic Electronic Charts (ENCs)Charts (ENCs);;

(b)(b) ……....

UN Assembly ResolutionUN Assembly ResolutionA/60/30 (2005)A/60/30 (2005)

Oceans and the Law of the SeaOceans and the Law of the Sea

……and recognizes also in this regard that the move and recognizes also in this regard that the move towards towards electronic chartingelectronic charting not only provides not only provides

significantly increased benefits for safe navigation significantly increased benefits for safe navigation and management of ship movement, but also and management of ship movement, but also

provides data and information that can be used for provides data and information that can be used for sustainable fisheries activities and other sectoral sustainable fisheries activities and other sectoral

uses of the marine environment, the delimitation of uses of the marine environment, the delimitation of maritime boundaries and environmental protection.maritime boundaries and environmental protection.

IMO - ProgressIMO - Progress IMO developing a strategy for e-Navigation for which ENCs are IMO developing a strategy for e-Navigation for which ENCs are

an essential elementan essential element IMO has mandated the use of ECDIS onboard High Speed IMO has mandated the use of ECDIS onboard High Speed

Craft:Craft:• New build by July 2008New build by July 2008• Existing HSC by July 2010Existing HSC by July 2010

Mandatory carriage of ECDIS for other shipping on the Agenda Mandatory carriage of ECDIS for other shipping on the Agenda of NAV 54 (June 2008)of NAV 54 (June 2008)

““Marine Electronic Highway” (MEH) Project for the Malacca and Marine Electronic Highway” (MEH) Project for the Malacca and Singapore Straits arguably the first test-bed for e-NavSingapore Straits arguably the first test-bed for e-Nav

Role of IHO

International Framework

ENC CoverageENC Coverage

IHO Resolution adopted atIHO Resolution adopted at1717thth International Hydrographic Conference International Hydrographic Conference

(May 2007)(May 2007)

““Member States should adhere and Member States should adhere and comply with the WEND Principles in order comply with the WEND Principles in order for the IHO, through its Member States, for the IHO, through its Member States,

and the regional and worldwide bodies in and the regional and worldwide bodies in which they come together, which they come together, to achieve to achieve

adequate coverage, availability, adequate coverage, availability, consistency and quality of ENCs by 2010consistency and quality of ENCs by 2010””

IHO IHO

– WEND Principle on Responsibilities– WEND Principle on Responsibilities • ““Member States will strive to either:Member States will strive to either:

a.a. Provide necessary ENC coverage, orProvide necessary ENC coverage, or

b.b. Agree with other States to produce Agree with other States to produce necessary ENC coverage on their behalfnecessary ENC coverage on their behalf””

• IHO will address overall coverage on a regional IHO will address overall coverage on a regional basis through the Regional Hydrographic basis through the Regional Hydrographic CommissionsCommissions

ENC Availability ENC Availability (July 2007)(July 2007)

Estimated Total ENCs in the Market Place

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

2004 2005 2006 2007

71557155

Additional cells Additional cells believed to existbelieved to exist

≈ ≈ 20002000

World ENC Coverage - 2007World ENC Coverage - 2007

European ENC Coverage - 2007European ENC Coverage - 2007

Caribbean ENC Coverage - 2007Caribbean ENC Coverage - 2007

IHO On-line Chart CatalogueIHO On-line Chart Catalogue

Clear and simple presentationClear and simple presentation Primarily aimed at showing available ENCsPrimarily aimed at showing available ENCs In response to request from IMO In response to request from IMO Show if/what paper charts required to be Show if/what paper charts required to be

carried as a backup for ECDIScarried as a backup for ECDIS Show availability of raster charts where Show availability of raster charts where

ENCs are not availableENCs are not available

IHO On-line Chart CatalogueIHO On-line Chart Catalogue

ENC AvailabilityENC Availability

DNV Report 2007-0304 – DNV Report 2007-0304 – Effect of ENC Effect of ENC

Coverage on ECDIS Risk Coverage on ECDIS Risk Reduction suggests Reduction suggests 85% – 96% ENC coverage by 2010 85% – 96% ENC coverage by 2010

ENC Production HurdlesENC Production Hurdles Lack of suitable data – some paper charts are not Lack of suitable data – some paper charts are not

easily converted to ENCseasily converted to ENCs• Satellite datumsSatellite datums

Low government priorities / awarenessLow government priorities / awareness• optional versus mandatory requirement for ENCsoptional versus mandatory requirement for ENCs• ignorance of SOLAS V/9ignorance of SOLAS V/9

Limited in-country resourcesLimited in-country resources• moneymoney• technical expertisetechnical expertise

ENCs are more difficult to verify and quality assureENCs are more difficult to verify and quality assure• “ “ ..issued by, or on the authority of a government, etc ….. ”..issued by, or on the authority of a government, etc ….. ”

Extraordinary Meeting Extraordinary Meeting of WEND Committee of WEND Committee

30 October 2007 – IHB Monaco30 October 2007 – IHB Monaco…….. “ to ensure adequate ENC coverage by 2010 ”.. “ to ensure adequate ENC coverage by 2010 ”

Concluding CommentsConcluding Comments • ENCs will be fundamental to e-NavENCs will be fundamental to e-Nav• The IHO is committed to ensuring adequate global The IHO is committed to ensuring adequate global

ENC coverageENC coverage• There is already good coverage of ENCs for many There is already good coverage of ENCs for many

routesroutes• A mandatory carriage requirement for ECDIS will A mandatory carriage requirement for ECDIS will

further stimulate the production of ENCsfurther stimulate the production of ENCs• IHO is committed to supporting the IMO e-Nav IHO is committed to supporting the IMO e-Nav

initiativeinitiative

Thank you for your attentionThank you for your attention

robert.ward@ihb.mc