on “sustainable design practices for schools in...

GRIHAGRIHAPresented atPresented at

Green School Design conferenceGreen School Design conference

on on ““sustainable design practices for schools in Indiasustainable design practices for schools in India””

HaniflHanifl Centre for Outdoor Studies, Woodstock School, Centre for Outdoor Studies, Woodstock School, MussorieMussorie,,1616thth, 17, 17thth April 2010April 2010

Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, GoI

About TERIAbout TERI……Approximately 800 professionalsApproximately 800 professionals

Scientists & researchers EconomistsArchitectsEngineersPlant bio-technologistsSocial scientistsUrban and rural plannersAgricultural scientistsEnergy expertsPower engineersWater and sanitation engineersIndustrial energy expertsRenewable energy experts

Solar photovoltaic, hydro power, solar thermal, wind, biomass, biogas

How it startedHow it started………since 1980…

Vast experience in Renewable Energy Technologies, Water Resource Planning & Management, Rural Extension Activities, pollution control, Economics and econometricsActive role in policy related research (formulation, modification, upgradation, etc.)Experience through energy audits

Audited buildings across the five broad climate zones of IndiaCommercial InstitutionalResidential (multi-family)Government / offices

Over 15 years of data collectedExhaustive research on passive architectural designExpertise in building energy simulations for visual / thermal comfort

Some jargonSome jargon

CRSBS CRSBS -- Centre for Research on Sustainable Building Science (Est. 2000)Centre for Research on Sustainable Building Science (Est. 2000)GRIHA GRIHA –– Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (Est. 2005) Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (Est. 2005) ADaRSH ADaRSH –– Association for Development and Research of Sustainable Association for Development and Research of Sustainable Habitats (Est. 2010)Habitats (Est. 2010)ECBC ECBC –– Energy Conservation Building CodeEnergy Conservation Building CodeBEE BEE –– Bureau of Energy EfficiencyBureau of Energy EfficiencyNBC NBC –– National Building CodeNational Building CodeA/E/C A/E/C –– ArchtiecturalArchtiectural / Engineering / Consultancy/ Engineering / Consultancy

As for green buildingsAs for green buildings……

TERITERI’’s experiences experience……A little Over 100 buildings auditedOver 100 new buildings offered consultancy onLarge and small scale projectsIn varied climatic settingsWith different A/E/C teams across the countryPolicy related research and formulation (national and regional)

National (enabling) frameworksNational (enabling) frameworksExisting codes

National Building Code, 2005, other IS codesAt the policy level, slow but steady additions

Energy Conservation Act, 2001Bureau of Energy Efficiency establishedDevelopment of ECBCDesignated consumers definedExamination for certified energy auditors and managers

Electricity Act, 2003Unbundling of the electricity sector to

Reduce AT&C lossesImprove performance and qualityCompetitive pricing

Integrated Energy Policy, 2006Looked at all aspects of energy consumption in the Indian economy, including small scale / rural energy issues

Moving towards net zero energy buildingMoving towards net zero energy building……

Renewable Energy (solar hot water integration and solar PV integration)

Energy efficient design (ECBC + NBC / low energy / passive strategies)

+GRIHA approach (combine ECBC with traditional wisdom and normative requirements of National Building Code)

Promote through several schemes of the MNRE

BEE program on implementation of ECBC, Star rated Appliances

GRIHA Compliant Building: Beyond ECBCGRIHA Compliant Building: Beyond ECBCECBC Compliance:•Insulation •High Performance glass•Controls•Efficient electrical , mechanical and lighting systemsIncremental cost: 15%Payback period < 5 years

GRIHA Compliance:•ECBC +•Passive principles (shading, orientation, controlled glass area)•Higher indoor design conditions (higher by 1 deg C)•Optimized lighting designNo further incremental costPayback period: < 4 years

37%45%

kWhr/yr

Some think the solution lies in the west, or in Some think the solution lies in the west, or in developed countries..developed countries..

The real inconvenient truthThe real inconvenient truth

Well, think againWell, think again……

IndiaIndiaClimate Mean

monthly temp (oC)

Relative humidity(%)

Hot and dry > 30 < 55

Warm and humid

> 30 > 55

Moderate 25 - 30 < 75

Cold and cloudy

< 25 > 55

Cold and sunny

< 25 < 55

Composite When six months or more do not fall within any of the above categories

Approach to ratingApproach to ratingWestern wayWestern way

Efficiency (primarily by usage of high performance envelope and energy efficient systems)Effectiveness not questioned (lighting level achieved, thermal comfort achieved- it is assumed that the design shall achieve the standards )Economics

Indian / GRIHA wayIndian / GRIHA wayEconomicsEffectiveness largely determined by economics too (visual / thermal comfort may be compromised to cut costs)Efficiency

Difference in Design StrategiesDifference in Design Strategies• The developed country approach to building design revolves

around strategies that are devised to cater to situations specific to them.

• They do not have power, water and material shortages like us. • They do not have an architectural and socio-cultural heritage

like us. • If we follow their model, our unique architectural identity that

currently varies from climate zone to climate zone shall end, and all buildings across the land shall start looking identical – boxes of steel and glass, like they are becoming today.

http://www.flickr.com/photos/85296574@N00/189385186/sizes/o/

Delhi / NCRDelhi / NCR

http://www.flickr.com/photos/85296574@N00/188742872/sizes/o/in/set-72157594199106864/

MumbaiMumbai


KolkataKolkata

Energy efficient vs. green vs. sustainable buildingsEnergy efficient vs. green vs. sustainable buildingsEnergy efficient building

Saves electricity and fuel (used for electricity generation) consumptionSaves money in the long run

Green buildingsSaves natural resources such as trees, flora and fauna, water, energy, materials, waste, etc.Saves time if effort is put into planningSaves money and enhances the natural environment in the long run

Sustainable buildingsDo all of the above ANDGenerate their own energy, water, other resources such as food, etc.Recycle their own waste water, solid waste, organic waste, etc.

How can a How can a ‘‘GRIHAGRIHA’’ building be built? building be built? By ensuring the site conditions complement the thermal and visual comfort requirements of the building (very low-cost intervention)By adopting sound architectural practices and taking examples from India’s traditional architecture (very low-cost intervention)By following India’s national codes and standards (low-cost intervention)By following regional development plans (such as the master plan) and local building by-laws (low-cost intervention)By adopting locally available construction materials and giving impetus to local arts, crafts, architecture and artisans (low-cost intervention)By reducing the resource consumption of the building and its inhabitants so that the waste generating there-from is reduced (low-cost intervention)By adopting energy efficient technologies and equipments (High-cost intervention)By adopting renewable energy technology applications to reduce the demand on conventional energy (Very High-cost intervention)

BUT HOW DOES ONE KNOW WHAT COMBINATION OF THE ABOVE FACTORS CAN HELP ATTAIN THE ‘GREENEST’ POSSIBLE BUILDING?

Punch linePunch lineWhat gets measured gets managed.So measures / metrics developed for

Energy (kWh/m2/annum)Water usage in external, for construction and internal –Kl/cdRain water harvesting potential (l/m2)Renewable energy percentage (minimum 1% of combined HVAC and lighting connected load)

No ‘percentage’ reduction over hypothetical base cases based on international modelsEPI most stringent among global rating systems

IncentivesIncentives90% reimbursement of registration cost for highly rated buildingCash prize for the design team (integrated design)Capital subsidy on all RE systems (PV as well as SWH)National Award Ceremony for recognition

And todayAnd today50 buildings registered for ratingOver 2000 people trained in one-day and two-day programsOver 100 people trained in three day programs

They are now conducting their own training programs and earning money from it too.At the same time taking the agenda forward.

Several thousand school children taught the importance of green buildings, our culture, values and traditionsWe are now assisting other developing countries (Africa, SE Asia) in developing their own codes for green buildings, NOT asking them to adopt ours!!!

GRIHA acknowledged by UNGRIHA acknowledged by UN

That gets us to Green SchoolsThat gets us to Green Schools……Really? That does get one thinking, doesn’t it?

What is a “green school”? Green Buildings?Green Campus?Green Uniform?Green Teachers?More Green Wash than is already doing the rounds?

Green School / College BuildingsGreen School / College Buildings……Here’s stuff that TERI has worked on (GRIHA and CRSBS combined)…

1. The Hitkarni College, Jabalpur2. The Doon School, Dehradun3. Delhi Public School, Agra4. Vidyanidhi Education Society, Gurgaon5. The Shri Ram School, Gurgaon6. Police Training School, Sangli, Maharashtra7. IIT, Kanpur (CESE Building, and Biological Sciences Building)8. IIScER Bhopal (Ministry of HRD) 9. IIScER Pune10. IIScER Mohali11. IIScER Kolkata12. IIScER Trivandrum 13. Salwan Public School 14. AIIMS Bhopal (Ministry of Health & Family Welfare) 15. AIIMS Raipur 16. AIIMS HrishikeshRishikesh17. AIIMS Patna18. AIIMS Bhuvneshwar19. AIIMS Jodhpur20. Ansal’s Institute of Technology, Gurgaon21. EduComp University, Greater Noida22. Sehwag Sports Academy, Jhajjar (Proposed)

http://img183.imageshack.us/img183/9171/hitakarnior6.jpg

HitkarniHitkarni College of EngineeringCollege of Engineering

First 5 star rated GRIHA building in IIT KanpurFirst 5 star rated GRIHA building in IIT Kanpur

Trees preserved and protected

Outdoor solar lights

N-S Orientation with shading (roof/window)

Lesser paving

Solar PV and Solar Thermal systems

The Environmental science building of IIT Kanpur The Environmental science building of IIT Kanpur A 5 star GRIHA rated building A 5 star GRIHA rated building –– modern in effect but Indian at heartmodern in effect but Indian at heart

•ECBC compliant envelope and systems

•EAT system for pre cooling of fresh air

•Solar PV to meet 30% of lighting energy consumption

The Doon SchoolThe Doon School

The Shri Ram SchoolThe Shri Ram School

Image courtesy – Architect Neeraj Manchanda and Associates

The Shri Ram SchoolThe Shri Ram School

AnsalAnsal’’ss Institute of TechnologyInstitute of Technology

BUTBUT……That’s just the building! So…

Environmental Education and AwarenessEnvironmental Education and AwarenessChildren’s Charter during CoP 8Project PACCIFY (Program for Awareness on Climate Change Issues for the Youth)Youth Conference on CoP 11Youth Dialogue on Climate ChangeYUVA ‘Youth Unite for Voluntary Action’BEACON : Building Energy Awareness on ConservationClimate EduXchange- 2009Indian Climate Champions (2008- 2009)Innovative Methods – Program on Action oriented Clean Technologies in Schools (IM-PACTS for Hewlett Packard)Sensitization, Education and Awareness on Recycling for a Cleaner Habitat (SEARCH)Awareness and capacity building ProgramGreen Olympiad and Terra QuizPublic Participation program under YAP II

Green Schools Green Schools –– letlet’’s get reals get realOur philosophy

A green building cannot instil compassion in a student who is designed to perform in a ‘cut-throat’ competitive environment, to ‘eliminate all competition’…A green uniform cannot instil pride in a student who isn’t aware how a regional dress in India (a kurta, dhoti, mund, salwar) is more climate responsive, ergo superior to a shirt / trouser / blazer / skirt…A ‘green environment club’ cannot sensitize a student towards the fact that India is a mega-diverse country; one among 17 others in the world, with the richest flora and fauna across the globe…which the building industry is systematically destroyingFor that, we need a new curriculum…

Green Schools StructureGreen Schools Structure

FocusFocus-- Student Student --

Building

Curricula

Faculty Campus

Internal EnvironmentInternal Environment

External environmentExternal environment

Society

Culture

Economy

Ecology

What it takesWhat it takes……A green campusWith a few green buildingsIn the richest natural surrounds (shade of trees, chabootras and open class rooms, play fields, social interaction, community ownership)

Dr Vinod Gupta – NIIT CampusSanjay Prakash – Mirambika, PragyanMadhu Pandit – The Srhi Ram School

With a curriculum that sensitizes students about their country, their environment, and their future

Madhu Bhatnagar , The Shri Ram SchoolKrishnan Kutty , Woodstock SchoolSuhasini Ayer , Auroville

Sumita Das Gupta , Green Schools Program, CSEAnd instils compassion in themAnd with teachers who are as in-tune with their subjects, as they are with how their subjects interface with the environmentRegardless of what others say Regardless of what others say ––It isnIt isn’’t possible if we all dont possible if we all don’’t come togethert come together

Thank youThank you

[email protected]

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