Open Access Networks

Interworking’2002, Perth, AustraliaOctober 13-16, 2002

Presented by:Einar Edvardsen,Telenor R & D, Norway

Teleph: +47 915 29029E-mail: einar-paul.edvardsen@telenor.com

Authors:Einar Edvardsen (Telenor)Thor G Eskedahl (Telenor)André Årdal (Telenor)

13-16. October, 2002 Slide 2Interworking'2002 Perth, Australia

Wireless broadband –requirements to the core networkCoverage of various mobile systems GSM (14 kb/s) covers 10 km2 (r < 4 km) UMTS 1(< 384 kb/s) covers 1 km2 (r < 1

km) UMTS 2(< 2 Mb/s) covers 0,1 km2

4G (< 20 Mb/s) covers 0,01 km2 (r < 100 m)

3G/4G mobile systems require huge fixed core network infrastructures

Each base station requires a broadband feeder – an optical fibre.

Generally – only copper cables exist in access network and a new infrastructure will therefore have to be installed

GSMUMTS

1 4G

No of base stations

>100 000(Norway)

2

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The fixed network’s broadband offering is evolving In spite of the resession in telecom, the number

of broadband customers is rapidly increasing Millions of ADSL modems are being installed Millions of Cable Modems are being installed After ADSL – then VDSL – then fibres

Broadband capacity will be distributedall over the populated areas- wasted capacity most of the time

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The Open Access Network

Access line to broadband network

MBS

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A user scenario

Operator 1Cable modem

Operator 2LMDS

Operator 4VDSL

Operator 3ADSL

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Traditional way of establishing the feeder network for a 4G mobile broadband House/customer

StreetBase station

New fiber cable

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The Open Access Network architecture

House/customerStreetBroadband customer with OAN gateway

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Bandwidth considerations

Bandwidth of wLAN: 25-30 Mb/s (30 m)– Bandwidth decreases as traffic and number of users

increases– Bandwidth decreases as distance to MBS increases

Bandwidth of access lines– Unsubscribed available bandwidth

• The difference between the technical realisable bandwidth and the user’s subscription

• 0,4/5 Mb/s (ADSL) and 2/10 Mb/s (VDSL) ?– Unused instantaneous bandwidth

• The unused part of the subscribed bandwidth• A variable bandwidth max. equal to the subscription rate

– Priority enforced bandwidth• Bandwidth, which may be available if the visiting user is

allowed to overrule the fixed subscriber.• Equal to the overruled service/application

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Potential coverage

Assumed that standard wLAN technology is used

Covers potentially 100 % of urban area(Norway: 75% (3 mill) of population, 0,7% of area)

Spotwise coverage for the rest, 5% of area

Required number of MBSs:Urban area: 25 000 – 1000 000 MBSesSub-urban area: ~ 250 000

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The concept contains numerous challenges

How to match QoS in the legacy network with what can be achieved in a wireless LAN and while traversing from MBS to MBS ?

Mobility aspects – nomadic or continuous mobility

Security and authentication Roaming agreements between

– different network operators – owners of MBSs How to deal with the large variety of terminals

? Interference between MBSs and with other

equipment – frequency planning Business models and commercial aspects

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Ownership to Micro Base Stations Owned by subscribers

– Roaming agreements, – Compensation– Maintenance– Security/access control/authentication issues

Owned by operators– The MBS becomes a network component equal to others– Compensation – Maintenance by the operator– Security/access control/authentication – Physical access to the equipment

Operators may choose different business models– 30 operators in Norway – 30 different tariffing models?

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Business models and commercial aspects – other aspectsFixed network operators

– New service in the network – new business opportunities– Increased traffic– Draining P2P/Ad-Hoc traffic into their network – Stretching the operator influence into home networking– Wireless broadband to stationary and mobile users

simultaneously– Home networking – a new business opportunity

Service providers– OAN is a new business area complementary to GSM,

GPRS, UMTS– Home networks, also a new business area

Stationary users– Cheap wireless home networking provided by

operators/service providers– Boarderless Home networks Universal Mobility

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Conclusions

The Open Access Network architecture is an innovative approach to upgrading the existing public broadband access network to support broadband mobile services.

Only the idea is presented How to realise it is a quite another issue to

solve !

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Guaranteed Quality of service in OANs ?

QoS protocols of IP is important, but is it enough?– RSVP, DiffServ, MPLS, IP o/ATM, ….

QoS in wireless LANs– HiperLAN/2 has QoS – WLAN IEEE 802.11e– HomeRF

How to guarantee QoS while roaming ?

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Mobility aspects

Traversing local premises – P2P/Ad-Hoc communication

Traversing from MBS to MBS (controlled by one operator)

– Mobility and hand-over protocols Traversing from MBS to MBS (controlled by different

operators)

– Mobility and hand-over protocols– Protocols for roaming– Protocols for charging and QoS dependent roaming

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Security and authentication

Security and authentication are fundamental for the OAN concept

System security schemes should provide firewalls and intrusion detection systems

Existing standards for communication security– VPN

• encryption, authentication – suitable for sections between MBSs and on the access line, but do not provide end-to-end security

• Processing intensive – not usable for seamless mobility and prohibit RT-pplications

• IPSEC wrapped around Mobile IP to solve the processing problem, but does not perform well enough

– SSH-TRANS/CONN… and SSL/TLS for secure access– Wireless encryption standardised by IEEE802.11– Object Security based upon PKI (protects data objects)

How do the protocols perform under mobile conditions ?

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The variety of terminals

MBS

HiperLAN

?

WLAN 802.11y

Bluetooth

WLAN 802.11x

P2P/Ad-Hoc example

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Interference

Large scale deployment of wireless LANs challenges the technology– WLAN (a,b,c,d,e,f,……), HiperLAN/2, Bluetooth,

UWB ?– Does any of these comply with the requirements ?

Overlapping LANs - same or different standard (WLAN, HiperLAN, Bluetooth, UWB,…)

Interference with other equipment

13-16. October, 2002 Slide 19Interworking'2002 Perth, Australia

Thank you for

listening