orientation, training & development
TRANSCRIPT
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ORIENTATION,TRAINING &
DEVELOPMENT
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Training
Providing an employee with skillsthat can be used immediately onthe job.
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Development
Providing an employee withknowledge that may be used
today or near future
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ManagementDevelopment
Training & Development programsfor supervisors & managers
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Training responsibilities
Top Management
The Human Resource Department
The immediate SupervisorThe Employee
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The Training Process
Assessment stage
Training
Evaluation
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Model of the Training ProcessAssessment Stage Training Stage Evaluation Stage
Organizational NeedsAssessment
Task Needs
Assessment
Employee Needs
Assessment
Development of
Training Objectives
Development of
Criteria for Training
Evaluation
Design and Select
Training
Procedures
Train
Measure
Training
Results
Compare
Results
to Criteria
Feedback
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Assessment stage
Before any training can be done, the needfor it must first be analyzed
Training needs of the organization, the joband the individuals in the organizations areexamined
What areas need training
What kind of training is needed
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1. Assessment Stage
Organizational Needs Assessment
Task Needs Assessment
Employee Needs AssessmentDevelopment of training objectives
Development of Criteria for training
evaluation
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Organization needs assessment:
In this we examine the proposed trainingprojects with respect to the organizationalgoals, objectives and strategies 5 and 10years plans must be compared with theproposed training programs
We also determine the order in which theareas need to be trained
Expense of training is also considered. Iffunding is an issue, prioritizing the trainingprograms might be needed
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b. Task needs assessment:
Goal- to isolate the specific requirements ofthe job in question.
Job analyses methods can be used
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c. Employee needs assessment:
The employee needs assessmentdetermines weather a gap exists betweenthe requirements of a job and the skills of
the employees who perform it
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d. Development of training objectives:
Objectives of training must be identified
Should be written as behaviouralobjectives that include what the outcomeof the training is to be (learning a skill)
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e. Development of criteria:
Some criteria against which to measure theresults must be developed
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2. Training Stage of
training processIn this we transfer training to
practice on the job what has beenlearned in the training.
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Design & Select training procedures
On the job training
Off the job training
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Transfer of training
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Transfer of Training
There should be proper linkage oforganization goals & strategies with thetraining programs in order to ensure proper
transfer of training
Training should be an integral part of overallorganization plan
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Evaluation Stage of
training & Development
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Types of Evaluations
1. Reaction
2. Learning
3. Behavior4. Results
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1. Reaction
Taking opinions of trainees just after the
training program on the contents of the
program, trainers & atmosphere
These opinions or reactions are not
necessarily valid measures
Influenced by things like difficulty,
entertainment value or personality of the
instructor.
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2. Learning
To determine whether the trainees havemastered the facts, techniques, skills &processes taught during the training
program
Tests like paper pencil tests, case studiescan be given to check this
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3. Behavior
Participants behavior is checked on theirjobs, about the demonstration of their skillwhich they have learned.
Data is collected by their supervisors &coworkers
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4. Results
At this stage it is investigated that how theprogram has affected the organization.
Data collected at this stage includes costsavings, decrease in accidents, improveemployee attitudes, lowered turnover &absenteeism
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Longitudinal Cost benefit analysiswith Control Group
1. Assign employees in two groups; one is tobe trained and other is control group
2. Administer a pretest of the knowledgelevel of both groups
3. Conduct training
4.Measure costs
5. Conduct posttests measure of both groups
6. Cost benefit analysis
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Alternative Evaluation Design
Posttest Design
Pretest posttest design
Multiple pretest/ Multiple posttest design