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The Faculty of Law in Oslo is the oldest and largest Norwegian educational

and research institution within the field of law. The Faculty of Law in Oslo educates

about seventy-five percent of all new legal candidates in Norway and is the

work-study place for over three-hundred employees and 4,300 students.

The Norwegian Centre for Human Rights (NCHR) is a leading multidisciplinary

research institution at the Faculty of law at the University of Oslo. The NCHR has its

own international MA programme and conducts research, educational activities and

dissemination, and engages in international cooperation projects on human rights.

The NCHR hosts one of the largest human rights libraries in the Nordic countries

and has approximately forty staff and a total budget of roughly fifty million.

The Centre has a visiting scholar programme for international researchers

with application deadlines in April and October.

For more information:

Telephone: 047 22842001

E-mail: [email protected]

Postal address: P.B 6706 St. Olavs Plass, 0130 Oslo, Norway

Visiting address: Cort Adelers gate 30, 0254 Oslo, Vika

Website: www.jus.uio.no/smr/english/

Folllow us on Facebook: Norsk senter for menneskerettigheter

Follow us on Twitter: @smr_uio

Academic CooperationNorway-China

supporting legal education and research

二十年的学术合作

20years

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.jus.uio.no/smr/english/

Page Contents

1 Introduction

8 Human Rights Education

12 Rule of Law

15 Equality and Non-Discrimination

18 Business and Human Rights

20 Human Rights Mechanisms

22 Competence Building in Norway

25 Publications

©Norwegian Centre for Human Rights 2017Photo front page: CC0 Pixabay

Design and production: 07 Media Oslo ASProject Manager: Susanne Flølo

1

The China Programme

The China Programme at the Norwegian Centre for Human Rights (NCHR) was established in 1997. For 20 years, the Programme has promoted international human rights law standards in China through education and research projects in cooperation with Chinese partner institutions. In China, NCHR’s cooperation projects have had a significant impact on the development of international human rights law through education and research. In 2017, the country programmes were reorganised into six thematic areas under the NCHR International Department.

Human Rights Education & Research: We promote human rights education and research as a cornerstone of our activities in China and for the development of Chinese laws and policies, which contribute to an increased respect for human rights. We work to further the development of human rights law through education and research in Chinese universities and other institutions of higher learning. From a range of disciplines, we support Chinese research initiatives, engage in cooperative projects and provide opportunities for Chinese scholars in order to undertake research on human rights related issues through scholarships and research trainings.

Rule of Law: We support Chinese efforts for enhanced Chinese fair trial standards and access to justice through strengthening the human rights capacity of legal professionals and academics.

Equality and Non-Discrimination: We strengthen the awareness of gender equality and non- discrimination issues in China. We hold courses on gender and human rights for Chinese university teachers and support the production of manuals regarding the implementation of China’s new law against domestic violence. We also support Chinese participants attending regional activities on equality and non-discrimination.

Business and Human Rights: We offer an important academic base for studies and discussions concerning Human Rights and Business, through master courses, PhD positions, academic publications and seminars.

Human Rights Mechanisms: We support Chinese academics and representatives of civil society as they participate as independent observers of the United Nations hearings in order to increase civil society awareness of the United Nations Treaty Bodies, the Human Rights Council’s work, and state authorities responsibility to honour human rights obligations.

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32 Academic Cooperation Norway–China 20 years

A prime example of international engagement

The Norwegian Centre for Human Rights (NCHR) is a multi-disciplinary focal point for international human rights. As a unit under the University of Oslo, research and teaching are basic activities of the NCHR. The Centre’s uniqueness is ensured by also including extensive international cooperation.

We are proud to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the China Programme. This was the first country programme at the NCHR aimed at the realisation of human rights and engag-ing in long-term cooperation projects with Chinese local partners. The Programme has contributed substantially to strengthened competence on international human rights law at Chinese law schools, and been beneficial also to new cooperation initiatives between European and Chinese law schools.

Building on NCHR’s extensive networks, our Faculty of Law has entered into broader legal exchange agreements with several Chinese elite universities, allowing for broader legal student exchange between Norway and China.

It is with great satisfaction I conclude that our China Programme is a prime example of this beneficial international engagement.

We congratulate the China Programme with this 20th Anniversary!

Dag Michalsen, Dean of the Faculty of Law, University of Oslo (UiO)

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Close collaboration with Chinese academic partners is the cornerstone of our work

Based at the Norwegian Centre for Human Rights (NCHR) at the University of Oslo, the China Programme has had a solid platform for entering into academic exchange and dialogue on human rights.

NCHR is based on a multi-disciplinary commitment and supports activities, which promote the development, understanding and application of international human rights standards. Long-term involvement and close collaboration with Chinese academic partners is the cornerstone of our work.

A key priority has been to promote human rights education. There is an expressed interest in cooperation from the Chinese, and we are seeing that our educational activities, organised jointly with Chinese and Nordic partners, are slowly but steadily giving results. New courses on international human rights law are being opened up at Chinese universities, and there is a growing body of highly qualified human rights scholars. Chinese expert advice coming out of research projects supported by the NCHR have proven to be highly relevant to ongoing reforms in China. We are proud to present some of the results in this brochure.

From 2017, a more thematic structure at the NCHR’s international depart-ment is strengthening our capacity to engage in research cooperation projects with Chinese partners on our six prioritized topics: Human Rights Education, Rule of Law, Freedom of Religion and Belief, Business and Human Rights, Equality and Non-discrimination, and Human Rights Mechanisms.

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In 2017, the China Programme celebrates its 20th anniversary. We see this as only the beginning of our work, and look forward to continued and expanded cooperation.

Cecilie Figenschou Bakke Programme Director: China and East-Asia

1997 Key Events Timeline 2017

The founding of the China Programme and the first visiting scholars and students arrive in Oslo.

First expert training on human rights is arranged in Changchun.

Introductory courses to Chinese law arranged by the NCHR.

Chinese Ministry of Education lists human rights as an elective course at Chinese law schools.

First Chinese textbook on International Human Rights Law is published.

Protection of human rights included in the constitution of China.

First IHRL training for law teachers from Western China held in Sichuan.

The China Programme estab-lish a research office in Beijing.

First Sino-Nordic National Education Network meeting.

First Chinese National Action Plan for Human Rights launched.

First three National Human Rights Education and Training Bases established at Chinese universities.

Second Chinese National Action Plan for Human Rights is launched.

E-learning textbook and library with free access for Chinese students finalized.

First regional meeting in Asia on human rights education.

Third Chinese National Action Plan for Human Rights is launched.

1997 2001 2002 2004 2005 2008 2009 2010 2012 2015 2016



Human Rights Education 人权教育

In China, twenty years ago, human rights education was not offered at any institution of higher learning. Since then, more than 600 law scholars have participated in expert trainings on international human rights law arranged by the NCHR and its Nordic partners. The trainings have enabled participants to set up human rights courses in Chinese universities. Today, more than 70 universities offer human rights education to students.

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NCHR VISTING SCHOLAR PROGRAM: Cecilie F. Bakke, Bård Anders Andreassen, Head of research at the NCHR, together with guest researchers Chi He and Lulu Zhou, and Yi Wang, Head of Human Rights Education at the NCHR International department. (Photo: UiO)

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Training Courses and Seminars on International Human Rights Law

Training courses on international human rights law

Training courses for law experts in Western China

National Human Rights Network Meetings

Visiting scholar programme for Western China

Academic expert meetings


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18 Chinese students have graduated from the NCHR MA Programme on the Theory and Practice of Human Rights. Today, many of them are working on human rights and law in China or internationally. Professor Lu Haina (pictured) has been instrumental in setting up human rights education at Renmin University in Beijing.

Through the NCHR’s focus on strengthening human rights education at Chinese law schools, more than 600 university law teachers and lecturers have attended trainings on human rights law in China.

In Western China, from 2005 to 2010 a special training programme provided 188 law scholars from 59 institutions with the opportunity to learn more about international human rights law. 33 scholars from the training programme received scholarships and the opportunity to travel to Hong Kong and the Nordic region for studies.

Annual National Educators Academic Meetings have facilitated more than 300 law professors with the chance to network and discuss how to promote human rights education in Chinese law schools.

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Over the past three years, new bilateral agreements have been entered into with Chinese universities, enabling Chinese law schools to send their graduate students to the NCHR and the UiO’s Faculty of Law.

At the NCHR, more than 30 Chinese law experts have been hosted through long-term visiting scholar programmes. In 2013, Professor Yang Songcai from Guangzhou University and Dr. Sun Meng from the China University of Political Science and Law were visiting scholars at the NCHR.

In 2016, at Peking University, a digital library containing textbooks and 14 e-learning courses on human rights was finalised. The library is free for all to use.

Professor Mo Jihong from CASS was one of the first visiting scholars arriving in the late 1990’s. As an expert on Constitutional and Administrative Law, he focused in particular on freedom of expression through a study of the Norwegian ‘Kjuus’ case. Many PhD students from CASS have later visited the NCHR to deepen their studies on international human rights law.


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The IHRL Textbook: A Landmark Publication in China

The NCHR facilitated and supported the development of China’s first textbook on international human rights law together with the China University of Political Science and Law and the Foreign Affairs College. The book was distributed to more than 300 law schools and libraries all across China and is still in use at Chinese universities.

Book Launch Ceremony in Oslo, 2003. Front row from left: Lisa Stearns (NCHR), Xu Xianming (CUPL), Guri Hestflått (SMED), Gro Nystuen (NCHR), Petter Wille (Norwegian MFA), Njål Høstmælingen (NCHR), H.E. Ambassador Chen Naiqing, Ban Wenzhan (CUPL). Back row: Zhang Wei (CUPL), Henning Harbo and Frode Elgesem (Office of the Norwegian Attorney General)

The Importance of Human Rights Education

High quality human rights education is essential for legislation and policy reform as well as for public understanding of the importance of human rights. With the publication of the IHRL textbook, and by organising numerous training activities around the country, the China Programme has contributed greatly to the promotion and diffusion of human rights studies in China.

Throughout China, today more than 70 universities and law schools offer human rights education to their students. A majority of the teachers who are active in the field have participated in international human rights law trainings supported by the NCHR and its Nordic partner institutions.

Professor Li Buyun attending the China Programme’s 10th Anniversary in Beijing. (Photo: private)

“For legal reform as well as for public understanding of the importance of human rights, high-quality human rights education is essential.

Professor Li Buyun


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Rule of Law 法治

Disseminating knowledge of human rights standards and national legal frameworks is important in order to secure respect for human rights. The China Programme has engaged in dialogue and worked on several projects regarding the access to justice and strengthening of human rights knowledge among legal professionals working in the area of criminal justice. In South China, more than 1000 judges and court officials have participated in trainings on fair trial standards, revised criminal procedure law and human rights.

Several key publications on criminal justice, penal reform and human rights standards have been translated into Chinese for use in education and research. More than 150 law scholars and practitioners have participated in seminars on children’s rights, economic, social and cultural rights, and legal assistance for vulnerable groups.

The NCHR facilitated an exchange of more than 30 legal clinic students and professors from Peking University Legal Aid Clinic and Jussbuss, the University of Oslo’s legal aid organisation.

60 law experts and professors participated in trainings on IHRL and Criminal Justice in preparation of the revised Chinese Criminal Procedure Law.

The NCHR supported the translation of Manfred Nowak’s CCPR Commentary, which increases knowledge on the United Nations convention on Civil and Political Rights, not yet ratified by China.

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Academic Exchange on Legal Aid and Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

As a followup to China’s ratification of the United Nations Convention on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the NCHR, in cooperation with Chinese partners, arranged seminars on treaty body recommendations and implementation during the period of 2003 to 2006.

From the 2006 seminar on legal aid in Beijing. Pictured: Huang Jinrong, He Hairen, and Liu Huawen from CASS Institute of Law together with representatives from the NCHR, the Danish Institute for Human Rights and Jussbuss.

“The support that the project received from the NCHR was instrumental to our work with the Freedom of Information regulations,” says Dr. Zhou Hanhua

Freedom of Information and Open Government

Dr. Zhou Hanhua, from the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Institute of Law (CASS), is a former NCHR visiting scholar and one of China’s leading authorities on freedom of information issues. In China, Dr. Zhou headed the first research group to investigate issues on open government and freedom of information.


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Legal Aid Reforms

In the autumn of 2016, the Faculty of Law and NCHR hosted a delegation from the National Legal Aid Centre under the Chinese Ministry of Justice. Preparing for a new law on legal aid, the delegation wanted to learn more about European and Norwegian laws and experiences in this area. During the study visit to Oslo the group met with academics, government officials and civil society representatives.

Offering Chinese Police Alternative Interrogation Methods

In 2016, the NCHR was invited to attend a round-table on investigative interviewing in Beijing. Dr. Asbjørn Rachlew, NCHR researcher and superinten-dent of the Oslo police, introduced new Norwegian interviewing methods, referred to as K.R.E.A.T.I.V, which have replaced more traditional interrogation techniques in criminal cases and can potentially become global standards. The presentation invoked a great interest and exchange of ideas for further cooperation.

Sharing experiences: Cecilie Figenschou Bakke (NCHR), welcomed the Chinese delegation led by Dr. Han Xiutao, Director of the National Legal Aid Centre, Ministry of Justice to the UiO Faculty of Law (photo: T. M. F Vestheim).

Dr. Ivar Farshing, Elisabeth Bjørnstøl, NCHR head of equality, and police superintendent Dr. Asbjørn Rachlew at the police academy in Beijing.

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Equality and Non-Discrimination

平等与非歧视

The NCHR has strived to strengthen the awareness of equality and non-discrimination, contribute to ongoing legal reform processes, and support initiatives that secure implementation of existing legislation in China. In China, NCHR cooperation projects have focused on discrimination in employment, minority rights, women’s rights, sexual minorities, and the rights of persons with disabilities.

5000 copies of a children’s Encyclopedia series was translated to Tibetan and distributed to 1,100 Tibetan schools in Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, and Tibet for use in education.

140 media workers and journalists attended workshops on equality and non-discrimination, covering topics of gender, disability, health, and SOGI rights, which resulted in 271 media reports on equality issues.

130 labour law experts, media workers, government officials, and civil society representatives participated in interna-tional workshops regarding ILO and UN standards on non-discrimination in the workplace.


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New Law on Domestic Violence

For more than a decade, the NCHR supported the Anti Domestic Violence Network (ADVN), a research-driven organization advocating for a law against domestic violence in China. Chinese media has reported that 15.7 million women commit suicide every year and that 60% of those cases are believed to be linked to domestic violence. In March 2016, a new law finally came into effect, which provided a great step forward to protect victims of domestic violence in China.

Employment Discrimination To prepare for the implementation of ILO Convention 111, ratified by China in 2006, the NCHR supported research, education activities and trainings on international labour standards and human rights. The effort culminated in the Chinese book “Employ-ment Discrimination: International Standards and National Practice”. In China, the book was the first of its kind and more than 3000 copies were distributed widely and used in training activities for local government officials.

© Former Anti-Domestic Violence Network of China Law Association.

Disability and Development: Rights, Politics and Practice

In 2012 the China Programme invited Chinese scholars and practitioners to present papers at the international conference Disability Rights and Development: Rights, Politics and Practice, in Oslo. The conference was organised in cooperation with the Harvard Law School and aimed at both scholars and practitioners with an interest in the field. Professor Michael Stein and professor Bård Anders Andreassen were two of the key-note speakers.

Ethnic Law and Policy in Comparative Perspectives

In addition to facilitating annual student exchanges, NCHR associate professor, Maria Lundberg, is in charge of teaching compulsory and elective courses on the rights of ethnic minorities and indigenous peoples as an integral part of master programmes at Yunnan University. Yunnan University also organises field visits to minority areas with a focus on children’s education in relation to religion, culture and language. The vulnerable situation of the minority children of migrant workers is a crosscutting concern.


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Business and Human Rights

商业与人权

In 2011, the United Nations Human Rights Council endorsed the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, providing a global standard for preventing and addressing the risk of adverse impacts on human rights linked to business activities. The Norwegian Centre for Human Rights offers an important academic base for studies and discussions concerning Human Rights and Business through master courses, academic research groups, publications and seminars.

80 Chinese representatives from trade unions, employee organisations, government institu-tions, and academia participated in a Beijing seminar on international labour standards, business and human rights.

More than 200 participants from Norwegian enterprises along with representatives from the government and civil society sector have attended conferences and meetings on human rights and business arranged by the NCHR in Norway and China.

In 2016, as the first visiting scholar under a new programme launched by the human rights centre at Renmin University, Hans Petter Graver visited Beijing and lectured on topics of business and human rights with a focus on the OECD guiding principles for multinational companies.

Professor Hans Petter Graver from the Faculty of Law, University of Oslo lecturing on Business and Human Rights at Renmin University in Beijing (Photo: UiO)

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From NCHR Graduate to Leading CSR Expert in China

One of the first NCHR MA graduate students, Dr. Liang Xiaohui, has become a leading expert on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in China. As the first Chinese scholar, he set up and taught a course on Business and Human Rights at Peking University Law School.

Liang Xiaohui has been working to advance business and human rights under the first two principles of the Global Compact for over a decade, both in teaching and practice.

SDG PioneerIn 2016, Dr. Liang was named one of the local SDG Pioneers by the Local SDG Pioneers Programme, which is a part of the UN Global Compact’s Making Global Goals Local Business campaign.

Dr. Liang Xiaohui at the United Nations Office in Geneva, Switzerland.


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Human Rights Mechanisms

人权机制

The NCHR has supported initiatives, providing academic partners an opportunity to learn more about regional and multilateral processes that are important to the protection of human rights. Access to information about the United Nations processes helps enrich domestic debates on state obligations and how human rights can be implemented.

Study visits to Geneva have enabled 16 Chinese scholars to participate in UN hearings of China under the CRPD, ESCR, CEDAW, CAT, and the new Universal Periodic Review (UPR).

The NCHR has hosted PhD and MA scholars researching on the UN Human Rights Mechanisms.

In Beijing, 24 Chinese law and development scholars attended a research seminar on human rights and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Chinese law experts have been included in events connected to NCHR’s engagement in promoting universal standards for police investigation at the United Nations.

ASG Andrew Gilmour together with Cheng Lei from Renmin University of China (left) and General Major Dang Xuan Khang from the Ministry of Public Security, Vietnam (right). (Photo: UiO)

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Bringing United Nations Recommendations Home

Academics and experts in China have shown interest in learning more about the United Nations and how the human rights system works in practice. Through participation in the UPR and treaty body system, local actors get insight into their governments’ human rights commitments, obligations and on-going debates on UN reform. Academics make good use of information provided by the United Nations and the UPR recommendations in their own teachings and research at home.

United Nations Human Rights Council, Geneva.

NCHR representatives and Chinese law and develop-ment scholars in New York, September 2015 (Photo: UIO)

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

In September 2015, in New York, four Chinese law and development scholars and NCHR staff attended academic and policy events relating to the adoption of the SDGs. In addition to partici pation at the United Nations events, the group also took part in an academic conference on sustainable development at Columbia University.


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Competence Building in Norway

加强挪威的能力建设

The China Programme was established as an academic complement to the Sino-Norwegian Human Rights Dialogue and has played a key role in building Norwegian competence on human rights in China. An up-to-date understanding of Chinese developments is important to secure a well-informed debate in Norway and enter into dialogue and cooperation with Chinese partners.

Since 2003, the NCHR has awarded scholarships to Master students writing about China and human rights. So far, more than 20 students have received support. After graduation, many of the scholarship holders have continued to work with China.

In 2004, a delegation from the Chinese Supreme People’s Court visited the NCHR. Delegation leader, Justice Wan Exiang also gave an open lecture at the centre.

Delegation leader, Justice Wan Exiang (middle) pictured together with Chinese colleagues from provincial high courts, Norwegian judges, lawyers and ministry officials, as well as MFA staff and representatives from the NCHR.

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Hosting International Delegations

The NCHR receives many Chinese and international delegations visiting Norway. The NCHR has facilitated study visits and meetings for organisations and institutions such as The China Society for Human Rights Studies (CSHRS), The Chinese Supreme People’s Court, The China Law Society, The Chinese Medical Association, China Academy of Social Science (CASS), a large number of Chinese univer-sities, think-tanks, and NGOs. In June 2007, The China Law Society undertook its first trip to Northern Europe and the delegation was hosted by the NCHR and the Norwegian Bar Association. The delegation also met with the Norwegian Supreme Court and participated in two academic seminars.

Human Rights Dialogue

For many years, the NCHR and the China Programme participated in expert meetings under official NorwayChina human rights dialogue. When called upon, the China Programme provides advice and consultations to organisations, universities and government bodies engaging in cooperation with China.

The China Law Society visiting the NCHR in 2017.

Experts from the NCHR took active part in the official human rights dialogue between Norway and China. In 2006 there were working groups on Prisoners’ rights, Detainees’ rights, Minority rights and Labour rights (pictured).


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Introductory Courses to Chinese Law

In early 2000, the China Programme organised annual short courses in Chinese law and law reform at the NCHR. These free and open courses, varying in duration from two to five full days, drew more than 100 participants, including Norwegian and foreign students, researchers, government officials and civil society representatives.

Lecturers were leading Chinese experts from the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences recruited from the China Programme’s network.

Cutting Edge Law ReformsTopics varied every year, ranging from a thorough presentation of the Chinese legal system and law reforms from ethnic perspectives on constitutional-ism in China, internationalisation of China’s legal system, to introductions to specific laws, including administrative law, labour law, social security law, and freedom of information law.

The short courses were a rare opportunity for members of the Norwegian public, politics and academia to learn about cutting-edge law reforms in China and thereby gain a better platform for understanding Chinese society.

Associate Professor Zhou Yong from CASS who later became the Director of the NCHR China Autonomy Programme, was one of the lecturers at NCHR short courses between 2000-2003.

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Selected PublicationsBooks, articles and translations produced and/or supported by the China Programme

Bakke, Cecilie Figenschou; MacLeod, Merethe Borge & Smith, Rhona K.M. Capacity-building approach for human rights education in China: Nordic experiences and perspectives, In Chen, Titus & Dingding Chen (eds.),’International engagement in China’s human rights’, Routledge, 2016.

Huang, Jinrong: A Comment on the Second Consideration of the ESCR Committee on China’s Report on the Implementation of ICESCR, Journal of Human Rights, Vol.1, p.61-77 (in Chinese), 2015.

Lu, Haina: The state’s protection of equal employment right in China – in the Lights of the International Law, China Law Press (in Chinese), 2015.

Zhu, Lijiang: The Chinese Practice in Public International Law in 2013 , Chinese Journal of International Law, Vol. 13.2, p. 395-454, 2014.

Yang, Songcai: The Human Rights Responsibilities of Corporations under the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, Journal of Guangzhou University, Social Science Edition, Vol. 13.11, p.19-25 (in Chinese), 2014.

Bakke, Cecilie Figenschou, Joshua Bird & Hatla Thelle: The Nordic Institutes and Human Rights Education in China, in Sun Shiyan (ed.) ‘The Human Rights Law Teaching at Chinese Universities: Problems, Process and Prospects’, Beijing, Kexue Chubanshi (in Chinese), 2009.

Bjornstol, Elisabeth Human Rights Law Education in China, Web Journal of Current Legal Issues [2009] 1 Web JCLI.

Wellens, Koen Negotiable rights: China’s ethnic minorities and the right to freedom of religion, in International Journal on Minority and Group Rights, Brill, vol. 16.3, pp. 433-454, 2009.

Malmgren, Otto and Frøydis Heyerdahl: The Norwegian Ombudsman for Children, in ‘Research on protection mechanisms for minors in China’, Law Press China, pp. 200-217 (in Chinese), 2008.

Nowak, Manfred: U.N. Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: CCPR Commentary 2nd edition, Chinese translation: [Minquan Gongyue Pingzhu], 2007.

Reeve Stearns, Lisa & Li Weiwei (eds): Employment Discrimination: International Standards and National Practice, China Law Press (in Chinese), 2006.

Zhou, Wei (ed.): Employment Discrimination in China: Legislation and Reality, Beijing, Law Press (in Chinese), 2006.

Shi, Meixia and Lisa Stearns (eds.): Globalisation, International Labour Standards and Labour Law Studies, China Labour and Social Security Press, (in Chinese), 2005.

Liu, Kaiming: A Social Structure of Lost Entitlements – An Investigative Report on a Case of Collective Labour Dispute, Shenzhen Institute of Contemporary Observation (in Chinese), 2005.

Li, Weiwei: International Protection of Women’s Rights and the Newly Revised Chinese Marriage Law, in Peter Lødrup and Eva Modvar (eds.), ‘Family Life and human rights: papers presented at the 11th World Conference of the International society of Family Law’, Gyldendal Akademisk Forlag, pp. 441-456, 2004.

Liu, Huawen: The Obligations of States under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: The Chinese Case, NCHR Research Note, 2004.

Xiong, Qiuhong: The Reform of the Chinese Criminal Procedure Law in a Human Rights Perspective, Human Rights Report, ISBN: 82-90851-46-4, 2003.

Zhou, Hanhua (ed.): The Experiences and Explorations in Openness of Governmental Affairs in China, (vol 1-3), Open Information Systems Series (in Chinese), 2003.

Cheng, Jie: Law Making and Law Enforcement in China, NCHR Working paper, 2002.

IHRL Textbook Project Group (eds): Textbook on International Human Rights Law, Beijing, China University of Political Science and Law Publishing House, (in Chinese), 2002.

Dorling Kindersley Publishers Ltd.: Windows on the World. A Children’s Encyclopaedia, 1991, Tibetan Translation, Chengdu, Sichuan Minzu Chubanshe, 2002.

Xue, Ninglan: Revision of the Chinese Marriage Law in 2001, NCHR Working paper, 2002.

Zhou, Yong: Jurisprudence on Minority Right in International Law, Beijing, Social Science Documentation Publishing House (in Chinese), 2002.

Alfredsson, Gudmundur and Asbjørn Eide (eds.): Universal Declaration of Human Rights: A Common Standard of Achievement, Chinese translation by Chengdu, Sichuan People’s Publishing House, 1999.

Stearns, Lisa (ed.): Domestic Implementation of Obligations Under the UN Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Human Rights Report No. 2, University of Oslo, 1999 (also publ. in Chinese).

Liu, Hainian (ed.): Research on the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, China Legal System Publishing House (in Chinese), 2000.

Liu, Junhai: The Social Responsibility of Companies, Law Press, 1999.

Mo, Jihong (ed./transl.): The Legal Limitations on Freedom of Expression, China People’s Public Security University Publishing House, 1998.

Perioli Bjørnstøl, Elisabeth, Christine Nordtømme Surlien and Lisa Stearns (eds), China & the rule of law, 1998.

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