Parliament Limits Parliament Limits the English the English MonarchyMonarchy

James I (King James Stuart of James I (King James Stuart of Scotland)Scotland)

#1) What problems did James I have as #1) What problems did James I have as leader of England?leader of England?

Struggles w/Parliament over $$$Struggles w/Parliament over $$$

Conflict w/Puritans who wanted Conflict w/Puritans who wanted reformsreforms

Charles I Fights Charles I Fights ParliamentParliament Son of James ISon of James I

1628 – called Parliament in order 1628 – called Parliament in order to get $ - had to sign Petition of to get $ - had to sign Petition of RightRight

#2) What did the Petition of Right #2) What did the Petition of Right declare?declare?Not imprison subjects w/out Not imprison subjects w/out causecauseNot levy taxes w/out Par.’s Not levy taxes w/out Par.’s consentconsentNot house soldiers in private Not house soldiers in private homeshomesNot impose martial law in Not impose martial law in peacetimepeacetime

Charles I Fights Charles I Fights ParliamentParliament

#3) After agreeing to the petition, what did #3) After agreeing to the petition, what did Charles do and WHY? What about Charles do and WHY? What about Parliament?Parliament?

Charles ignored the petition Charles ignored the petition

He dissolved ParliamentHe dissolved Parliament

Imposed fees & fines on Imposed fees & fines on English people to get $English people to get $

Conflict Between KingdomsConflict Between Kingdoms#4) What happened in 1637 causing Charles to #4) What happened in 1637 causing Charles to

need money?need money?He tried to force the Presbyterian Scots to He tried to force the Presbyterian Scots to accept Anglican prayer bookaccept Anglican prayer book

- Wanted both kingdoms to follow one - Wanted both kingdoms to follow one religionreligionScots rebelled Scots rebelled Charles forced to call Parliament Charles forced to call Parliament

into sessioninto session#5) What major conflict occurred #5) What major conflict occurred

between supporters and between supporters and opponents of Charles I?opponents of Charles I?English Civil WarEnglish Civil War

English Civil WarEnglish Civil War#6) Those who were loyal to Charles #6) Those who were loyal to Charles

were known as….were known as….Royalists or CavaliersRoyalists or Cavaliers

The Puritans who opposed The Puritans who opposed Charles were known as…Charles were known as…

RoundheadsRoundheads

#7) Who was the Puritan general #7) Who was the Puritan general who helped defeat the king?who helped defeat the king?Oliver Cromwell – New Model ArmyOliver Cromwell – New Model Army

Oliver Cromwell’s Oliver Cromwell’s EnglandEngland

Charles on trial – found guilty of treason – Charles on trial – found guilty of treason – sentenced to deathsentenced to death

#8) What type of gov’t did he establish?#8) What type of gov’t did he establish?Established a commonwealth = Established a commonwealth = republican form of republican form of gov’tgov’tDrafted first written constitution Drafted first written constitution (later torn up and Cromwell (later torn up and Cromwell became military dictator)became military dictator)

The PuritansThe Puritans#9) Describe Puritan morality.#9) Describe Puritan morality.

Abolished sinful activities (theater, Abolished sinful activities (theater, sports, sports, dancing)dancing)

Religious toleration for all Christians Religious toleration for all Christians EXCEPT EXCEPT CatholicsCatholics

Charles IICharles II#10) The period of rule in which Charles #10) The period of rule in which Charles

II II restored the monarchy is known as….restored the monarchy is known as….Restoration Restoration

#11) What does #11) What does habeas corpushabeas corpus mean? mean? What did What did it give every prisoner the right to do?it give every prisoner the right to do?Latin = “to have the body”Latin = “to have the body”Right to obtain writ ordering that he Right to obtain writ ordering that he be brought be brought before judge to before judge to specify chargesspecify chargesMonarch can’t just throw anyone in Monarch can’t just throw anyone in jailjailPrisoners could not be held Prisoners could not be held indefinitely w/out indefinitely w/out

trialtrial

James IIJames II#12) Who were the Whigs?#12) Who were the Whigs?

Those who opposed James II (non-Those who opposed James II (non-Catholic)Catholic)

Who were the Tories?Who were the Tories?

Those who supported James II Those who supported James II (Catholic)(Catholic)

His daughter Mary was Protestant – His daughter Mary was Protestant – married to William of Orange (prince in married to William of Orange (prince in Netherlands)Netherlands)

"Wit and fool are consequents of Whig and Tory; and every man is a knave or an ass to the

contrary side"(Dryden).

"I have always said the first Whig was the Devil"(Samuel Johnson).

Glorious Revolution of Glorious Revolution of 16881688

#13) What was the purpose of the #13) What was the purpose of the Glorious Revolution of 1688?Glorious Revolution of 1688?

Parliament asked Mary & Will to Parliament asked Mary & Will to overthrow James II – James fled Englandoverthrow James II – James fled England

Bloodless overthrowBloodless overthrow

#14) Who became the rulers of England#14) Who became the rulers of England after the Glorious Revolution?after the Glorious Revolution?

William of Orange & MaryWilliam of Orange & Mary

A New Type of MonarchyA New Type of Monarchy#15) Define constitutional #15) Define constitutional

monarchy.monarchy.Laws limit the ruler’s powerLaws limit the ruler’s power

#16) What did the Bill of Rights of #16) What did the Bill of Rights of 1689 state a ruler could NOT do?1689 state a ruler could NOT do?NO suspending of Parliament’s NO suspending of Parliament’s lawslawsNO levying of taxes w/out grant NO levying of taxes w/out grant from from ParliamentParliamentNO interfering w/freedom of NO interfering w/freedom of speech in speech in ParliamentParliamentNO penalty for citizen who NO penalty for citizen who petitions petitions the kingthe king

#17) What was the cabinet?#17) What was the cabinet?Group of gov’t ministers, or officialsGroup of gov’t ministers, or officialsActed in ruler’s name but Acted in ruler’s name but

represented the major party represented the major party of Parliamentof Parliament

#18) What is the leader of the #18) What is the leader of the majority party in Parliament that majority party in Parliament that heads the cabinet known as today?heads the cabinet known as today?Prime MinisterPrime Minister

Extra Question: Who is England’s Extra Question: Who is England’s current Prime Minister?current Prime Minister?David Cameron (as of May 2010)David Cameron (as of May 2010)

Sir Robert Walpole