participating programs - lcsc.edu · dr. charles addo-quaye assistant professor of computer...

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MissionThe mission of the Lewis-Clark State College Research Symposium is to celebrate academic achievement, enhance

professional development, and promote scholarship and research excellence by providing students, faculty, and guests the opportunity to present and share their work.

Participating Programs

2019 LCSC Research Symposium Committee Planning CommitteeProgram Administrators: Dr. Rachelle Genthôs

A special thank you is extended to the following people who made the 2019 Research Symposium a reality:

President Cynthia PembertonProvost Lori Stinson

Dean Mary FloresDean Frederick M. Chilson

Dr. Luther Maddy - Business DivisionDr. Heather VanMullem – Movement and Sport Sciences Division

Mr. Martin Gibbs - Humanities DivisionDr. Heather Henson-Ramsey - Natural Sciences & Mathematics Division

Dr. Krista L. Hardwick - Nursing & Health Sciences DivisionDr. Christopher Riggs - Social Sciences Division

Ms. Caroline Hatfield – Provost Office Management Assistant Dr. Gwen Sullivan – Writing Center

Ms. Jeannette Klobetanz - SUB/Events & Campus Card ServicesMs. Monika Pande, SODEXO

Diane Driskill and Julie Wilson - Graphic Communications

Dr. Lauren Connolly, Humanities Dr. H. Marlowe Daly-Galeano,

Hells Canyon InstituteMs. Marcy Halpin, Humanities

Ms. Caroline Hatfield, Provost Office Dr. Leif Hoffmann, Social Sciences

Dr. Chris Norden, Humanities Dr. Rachel Jameton,

Center for Teaching and Learning

Ms. Sydney Parker, Nursing Dr. Clay Robinson, Movement and Sport Sciences

Dr. LaChelle Rosenbaum, Social Sciences Mr. Dan Rudolph, DONSAM

Ms. Jenny Scott, Business Ms. Jill Thomas-Jorgenson, Business

Dr. Heather VanMullem, Movement and Sport Sciences

Business DivisionBusiness Administration

Business Administration with Management AccountingBusiness CommunicationsHospitality Management

ManagementManagement with Radiography

Sport Administration

Center for Teaching and Learning

Hells Canyon Institute

Movement and Sport Sciences Division

Exercise Science Kinesiology

Sport Administration

Humanities DivisionCommunication Arts

English

Nursing & Health Sciences DivisionNursing

Division of Natural Sciences & Mathematics

BiologyChemistry

Computer ScienceEarth Information Science

Social Sciences DivisionEcuador Field School

Justice StudiesPsychology

Social SciencesSocial Work

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Williams Conference Center Map & Schedule by RoomThursday, May 2nd

Center for Arts & History located at 415 Main Street

Silverthorne Theatre located in the Administration Building

Clearwater/Snake River Room

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Lobby

Bookstore

Lochsa/Selway River Room

Salmon/Grande River Room

8:55 9:00Welcome

9:00 10:15Nursing Page

10:30 11:45 6-7

12:00 1:15 Betty Richardson Silverthorne

Theatre

Page3

1:30 2:45

3:00 4:15Business Division

Page10-11

4:30 5:45

6:00 8:00

8:55 9:00Welcome

9:00 10:15Page

10:30 11:45 7-8


Theatre

Page3

1:30 2:45Page

3:00 4:15 13-14

4:30 5:45

Movement & Sport Sciences

Movement & Sport Sciences

8:55 9:00Welcome

9:00 10:15Page

10:30 11:45 8-9


Theatre

Page3

1:30 2:45Ecuador Page

14-153:00 4:15

Page4:30 5:45 15

Nursing

English 102Posters

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Keynote Address 2019Betty Richardson

Welcome: Opening Remarks: Provost Lori Stinson

Leadership in Public Service: Challenges & Opportunities

Thursday, May 2nd 12:00-1:30 Silverthorne Theatre

Biography: Betty was born and raised in Lewiston, Idaho. She graduated from Lewiston High School and from the University of Idaho where she earned a degree in Political Science, graduating magna cum laude and being named an outstanding senior. After graduating from college, Betty served as Executive Secretary of the Idaho State Democratic Party, and on the staff of Senator Frank Church in his Washington, D. C. and Moscow offices. When it came time to choose a career, Betty looked for a place where she could make a difference. Inspired by the contributions and wisdom of our founding fathers – many lawyers among them – Betty chose a career in law. It has proven to be a very good fit. A 1982 graduate of the Hastings College of Law in San Francisco, California, Betty has had many opportunities to use her legal and public policy experience in public service. In two of her most significant leadership

roles, Betty broke new ground, being the first woman to serve as a Commissioner and Chairwoman of the Idaho Industrial Commission and the first woman appointed to serve as Idaho’s presidentially appointed United States Attorney. Betty has been a candidate for public office and has recruited and mentored many candidates for public office. She also has been an adjunct professor at Boise State University where she taught American National Government, Family Law and Constitutional Law. She currently teaches at Concordia University Law School in Boise and is a columnist for Ridenbaugh Press. She also serves on the Board of Directors of the Frank Church Institute and the Tony Patino Fellowship. Betty has received numerous awards for her legal work and community service. She has been married for 40 years to her husband, Peter, a lawyer in Boise. They are the proud parents of two adult children.

Abstract: This presentation will offer a framework for thinking about the many aspects of leadership in the context of public service. For purposes of this discussion, public service will be viewed as an expansive concept, not limited to elective or appointive office in the public domain, but embracing various private sector and non-profit roles as well. We will recognize the ways that vocational and avocational endeavors directed at public service enrich our communities at all levels. We will also consider essential leadership qualities including strong communication skills; clear and constructive goal setting; purposeful collaboration and inclusivity; and reflective self-assessment. Further, we will examine formal and informal leadership and leadership in times of organizational crisis. Material will be sourced, to some extent, from various books and articles but to a larger extent, from real world examples drawn from the speaker’s professional and personal experience.

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Williams Conference Center MapFriday, May 3rd Schedule by Room

Snake River Room

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Lobby

Bookstore

Lochsa River Room

Salmon River Room

Clearwater River Room

8:55 9:00Welcome

9:00 10:15Page

10:30 11:45 16-17

12:00 1:15 Faculty ShowcaseSilverthorne

Theatre

Page5

1:30 2:45 WCC Closed for Poster Setup

3:00 4:15Page

4:30 5:45 26-36

Social Work

PosterSession

8:55 9:00Welcome

9:00 10:15Page

10:30 11:45 17-19


Theatre

Page5


3:00 4:15Page

4:30 5:45 26-36

Social Sciences

PosterSession

8:55 9:00Welcome

9:00 10:15Page

10:30 11:45 19-20


Theatre

Page5


3:00 4:15Page

4:30 5:45 26-36

Movement & SportSciences

Poster Session

8:55 9:00Welcome

9:00 10:15DONSAM Page

20-2110:30 11:45

Justice Studies Page21


Theatre

Page5


3:00 4:15Page

4:30 5:45 26-36Poster Session

Silverthorne Theatre located in the Administration Building

Center for Arts & History located at 415 Main Street

9:00-1:30 English Page 21-23

1:15-5:30 Communication Arts Page 23-25

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FACULTY SHOWCASE SYMPOSIUM: A symposium session highlighting the scholarly endeavors of LCSC faculty.

Welcome: Opening Remarks: President Cynthia Pemberton

Friday, May 3rd, 12:00-1:15 Silverthorne Theatre

Dr. Jessica Savage Instructor, Movement and Sport Sciences DivisionTitle: The Effects of Plyometric Training on Muscle Activation Characteristics in Post-Pubescent Adolescent Females

Dr. Jennifer GardnerAssistant Professor, Education Division

Title: Using the “Confusabet” to Build Empathy and Understanding in Elementary Teacher Candidates

Dr. Jenni LightProfessor, Natural Sciences & Mathematics DivisionTitle: Local Projects – Local Internships

Dr. Charles Addo-Quaye Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Natural Sciences & Mathematics Division

Title: Endogenous Evidence-Based DNA Variant-Filtering Uncovers False-Negatives and Improves Mutation Detection Accuracy

Professor Nancy Lee-PainterProfessor of Theatre, Humanities DivisionTitle: Simulation-Rehearsal for the Real World-Teaching/Collaboration across Disciplines

Dr. LaChelle Rosenbaum & Professor Marte WhiteAssistant Professors of Social Work, Social Science Division

Title: Incorporating Weekend Intensive Sessions into a BSW Hybrid Program: Strengths and Challenges

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Authors: Aria Higgins, Casey Holmes, Hannah Mort, Rebecca Naumann, Montana PattonTitle: Pediatric Overuse of Emergency ServicesAbstract: Studies have shown that there is a significant decline in education given to parents of children ages two to five in regard to what constitutes the use of emergency services. This has led to the increased unnecessary use of emergency services which is both costly and can place a child in further danger. A review of the literature demonstrates that parents should be educated using several educational approaches to increase understanding thus decreasing unnecessary use of emergency services.

Authors: Erika Boettger, Emily Doty, Aaramie Hoisington, Whitney Sonnen, Amber TrantumTitle: Insulin Therapy in Young Adults with Type One Diabetes Abstract: A personal understanding of the high prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) rates in Type I diabetics initiated this project. A comparison of insulin pump therapy (IPT) versus self-injection therapy (SIT) in young adults, 18-26 years old, was done to identify which diabetic medication administration style results in lower DKA rates. A review of literature suggest strict medication compliance and diabetic education showed positive glycemic outcomes and decreased DKA rates regardless of the insulin therapy used.

Authors: Rachel Smotherman, Brooke Stromberg, Hannah Larsen, Jenna Martin, Rachel UhlenkottTitle: Identifying Prenatal Drug Use and Improving Newborn OutcomesAbstract: With the rate of both drug use among pregnant women and incidence of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) increasing in the United States, an effective screening tool is needed to identify at-risk women during the early prenatal period. Since no universal screening tool has been identified, several tools are examined to determine which are most effective to increase rates of disclosure and treatment in this special population, with the hope of reducing rates of NAS and other poor neonatal outcomes.

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Authors: Lizzie Marker, Madesta Wiscombe, Cecilia Keogh, Katie Badertscher, Kylie BadertscherTitle: Elective Induction vs. Spontaneous Labor and Outcomes of C-SectionAbstract: Laboring mothers’ needs for care and education are largely dependent on the expertise and discretion of healthcare professionals. There are several different methods of labor, including elective induction and spontaneous labor, that require continued research and investigation in order to lead to safe, successful deliveries and improved outcomes. Healthcare professionals, especially nurses, should be invested leaders in evidence-based research, as their patient populations are subject to the outcomes of labor and delivery practices.

Authors: Kevin Brooks, Nicole Johnson, Payton Weakland, Kelsey Weiss, Lynzee WilsonTitle: Suboxone Therapy for Opioid AddictionAbstract: Literature suggests that improving access to Suboxone treatment for opioid addicts in Idaho would decrease relapse rates and financial burdens within rural communities. Increasing funding through Medicaid expansion and the number of available prescribers for Suboxone programs, in conjunction with non-pharmacological treatments, would decrease incarceration rates of substance users and improve the lives of addicts. Nurses need to educate and advocate for clients and prescribers about the improved outcomes using Suboxone within their communities.

Authors: Olivia Boxer, Taniesha Jacobson, Morgan Selmer, Title: Suicide Prevention and AwarenessAbstract: Idaho’s completed suicide rate remains above the national average. This is the second leading cause of death for those aged 15-35 and men over 44. This evidence-based project provides insight and understanding to the importance of suicide prevention. The literature review shows promising results regarding the effectiveness of public awareness and education through public service announcements, formal courses, and individualized programs such as Applied Suicide Intervention Skills Training, Question Persuade and Refer, and the Eleven Initiatives.

***Welcome: Opening Remarks - Dean Fredrick Chilson***Clearwater River Room • 8:55-9:00

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Authors: Olivia Boxer, Taniesha Jacobson, Morgan Selmer, Title: Suicide Prevention and AwarenessAbstract: Idaho’s completed suicide rate remains above the national average. This is the second leading cause of death for those aged 15-35 and men over 44. This evidence-based project provides insight and understanding to the importance of suicide prevention. The literature review shows promising results regarding the effectiveness of public awareness and education through public service announcements, formal courses, and individualized programs such as Applied Suicide Intervention Skills Training, Question Persuade and Refer, and the Eleven Initiatives.

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Authors: Samantha Gonzalez, Jessica Hurley, Makayla Kaufman, Cassy GlasserTitle: The Effectiveness of Incentivized Health Insurance in College FacultyAbstract: Incentivized health insurance plans have been increasingly implemented by employers to reduce healthcare expenses and improve the health of participating employees. The goal of this is project is to evaluate the effectiveness of these programs in decreasing body mass index, hypertension, and improving the quality of life in college faculty participants. A literature review was conducted to determine the efficacy of existing programs, as well as develop guidelines for successful implementation in college settings.

Authors: Ben Busak, Allie Decker, Jaired Hudson, Maggy Johnson, JB RameyTitle: Relationships Between Food Insecurity, Academic Performance, and Mental Health in College StudentsAbstract: Recent studies have illuminated the issue of food insecurity (FI) among college students, including its effects on academic performance and mental health. Despite interventions like food banks, collegiate FI remains prevalent. A survey was administered to local freshmen that showed food insecure students have lower academic performance and higher rates of mental health diagnoses. Population health interventions include incorporating screening tools in new student orientation, education of campus and community resources, and incorporating a voucher system to assist in the food insecurity crisis.

Authors: Mariam El-Mansouri, Makayla Gunter, Macey Howland-Clark, Jordan Porubek, Katie StodickTitle: Nursing Perceptions: Comorbid Psychiatric and Acute Medical Care Patient NeedsAbstract: Generalist nurses are increasingly tasked with providing care for patients with a high complexity of both physical and mental health needs. Patients with comorbid mental health conditions often experience disparities and gaps in care resulting from many factors including lack of training, resources, negative perceptions, and bias. Evidence supports the need for further training and improved implementation for hospital nurses that care for a diverse patient population in order to provide quality and competent care.

Author: Faith KlockeTitle: Why People Buy Tickets: A Survey of Motivational Factors That Influence People’s DecisionsAbstract: During the 2016-2017 NBA season, ticket sales accounted for 21.97% of total revenue in the NBA (Statista, 2018). Leagues and teams are continually working to identify an increase in spectator interest and thus increase revenue. The purpose of this study is to determine what factors motivates people to buy tickets and attend sporting events, specifically in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Adult fans of NBA teams who are a part of NBA team Facebook groups will be surveyed regarding their perceptions of factors that have a significant impact on their spending habits and decision making. Results will be shared at the research symposium.

Authors: Aislynn Robertson, Troy Oliver-Mitton & Darren Trainor Title: Guided Imagery through BaseballAbstract: Batting average is one of the key statistics that can dictate a player’s chance of being drafted or “move up in the ranks”. The purpose of this study was to determine if collegiate baseball players’ batting performance improved when participating in guided imagery before their batting sessions. The investigation utilized a crossover research model. The researchers evaluated the ball’s exit velocity off of the bat, and whether the ball was considered “in play” or “foul” or a “miss”. A likert-scale evaluation on their perceived self-efficacy was also assessed. Results are pending and will be shared at student symposium.

Author: Katie SchaumTitle: NBA in Seattle: Is it Possible?Abstract: There are currently 30 teams competing in the National Basketball Association (NBA). As the league considers adding additional teams, league leadership will need to identify locations for teams to be placed to facilitate successful growth. The purpose of this case study is to analyze if a NBA team could be successful in the Seattle, WA market. Using Coakley’s (2017) five economic and social conditions that commercial sports need in order to grow and prosper as the framework, journal articles, textbooks, periodicals, databases and additional scholarly sites will be examined to identify if the city of Seattle has the resources to serve as a host city. Results will be shared at the symposium.

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SAuthors: Natalie Herring & Jonathan Handel Title: Hip Drop and Injury PreventionAbstract: The purpose of this quantitative research study was to determine whether strengthening the gluteus medius muscle would have a positive effect on Trendelenburg gait (hip drop) in male and female collegiate distance runners. Hip drop is considered one of the most chronic injuries in endurance runners. The participants were assessed over an eight week period of time. Pre and post testing were conducted before and after a six week strengthening program. Measuring hip drop angles of the participants was through the use of Kinovea imaging program. Results are pending and will be presented at the senior research symposium.

Author: Cody Warner Title: Prevalence of Student-Athlete Career Transition Programs at the NCAA Division-II, -III, and NAIA LevelsAbstract: With fewer than 2 percent of NCAA student-athletes going on to be professional athletes (NCAA, 2017), implementing and utilizing resources to help prepare student-athletes for their lives post sports career is essential. Research has shown that student-athletes who are not adequately prepared for career transition often experience a loss of identity (Vickers, 2013), lack of achievement satisfaction (Werther & Orlick, 1986), role confusion (Coakley, 1983; Vickers, 2013), less self-efficacy (Luzzo, 1993), and career immaturity (Kennedy & Dimick, 1987). The objective of this study is to examine the prevalence of career transition programs for student-athletes at colleges and universities which compete at the NCAA Division-II, -III, and NAIA levels by surveying head coaches. Head coaches were selected from six conferences across the United States, with two conferences from each level of competition being selected.

Author: TJ WadleyTitle: Get Your Head in the Game!Abstract: Over time, concussions and neck injuries have been a big issue in contact sports, especially football. Coaches are using numerous strategies to prevent concussions from occurring. They have gone through a wide variety of training sessions in coaching strategies in order to become certified in using these strategies in their coaching practice. There are cases where athletes are focused on the wrong thing and that is just trying to make the big hit without using the fundamentals. Which brings us to the question: What coaching strategies are being used in preventing concussions?

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Authors: Olivia Boxer, Taniesha Jacobson, Morgan Selmer, Ellie WinsteadTitle: Suicide Prevention and AwarenessAbstract: Idaho’s completed suicide rate remains above the national average. This is the second leading cause of death for those aged 15-35 and men over 44. This evidence-based project provides insight and understanding to the importance of suicide prevention. The literature review shows promising results regarding the effectiveness of public awareness and education through public service announcements, formal courses, and individualized programs such as Applied Suicide Intervention Skills Training, Question Persuade and Refer, and the Eleven Initiatives.

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Authors: Samantha Gonzalez, Jessica Hurley, Makayla Kaufman, Cassy GlasserTitle: The Effectiveness of Incentivized Health Insurance in College FacultyAbstract: Incentivized health insurance plans have been increasingly implemented by employers to reduce healthcare expenses and improve the health of participating employees. The goal of this is project is to evaluate the effectiveness of these programs in decreasing body mass index, hypertension, and improving the quality of life in college faculty participants. A literature review was conducted to determine the efficacy of existing programs, as well as develop guidelines for successful implementation in college settings.

Authors: Ben Busak, Allie Decker, Jaired Hudson, Maggy Johnson, JB RameyTitle: Relationships Between Food Insecurity, Academic Performance, and Mental Health in College StudentsAbstract: Recent studies have illuminated the issue of food insecurity (FI) among college students, including its effects on academic performance and mental health. Despite interventions like food banks, collegiate FI remains prevalent. A survey was administered to local freshmen that showed food insecure students have lower academic performance and higher rates of mental health diagnoses. Population health interventions include incorporating screening tools in new student orientation, education of campus and community resources, and incorporating a voucher system to assist in the food insecurity crisis.

Authors: Mariam El-Mansouri, Makayla Gunter, Macey Howland-Clark, Jordan Porubek, Katie StodickTitle: Nursing Perceptions: Comorbid Psychiatric and Acute Medical Care Patient NeedsAbstract: Generalist nurses are increasingly tasked with providing care for patients with a high complexity of both physical and mental health needs. Patients with comorbid mental health conditions often experience disparities and gaps in care resulting from many factors including lack of training, resources, negative perceptions, and bias. Evidence supports the need for further training and improved implementation for hospital nurses that care for a diverse patient population in order to provide quality and competent care.


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Authors: Aria Higgins, Casey Holmes, Hannah Mort, Rebecca Naumann, Montana PattonTitle: Pediatric Overuse of Emergency ServicesAbstract: Studies have shown that there is a significant decline in education given to parents of children ages two to five in regard to what constitutes the use of emergency services. This has led to the increased unnecessary use of emergency services which is both costly and can place a child in further danger. A review of the literature demonstrates that parents should be educated using several educational approaches to increase understanding thus decreasing unnecessary use of emergency services.

Authors: Erika Boettger, Emily Doty, Aaramie Hoisington, Whitney Sonnen, Amber TrantumTitle: Insulin Therapy in Young Adults with Type One Diabetes Abstract: A personal understanding of the high prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) rates in Type I diabetics initiated this project. A comparison of insulin pump therapy (IPT) versus self-injection therapy (SIT) in young adults, 18-26 years old, was done to identify which diabetic medication administration style results in lower DKA rates. A review of literature suggest strict medication compliance and diabetic education showed positive glycemic outcomes and decreased DKA rates regardless of the insulin therapy used.

Authors: Rachel Smotherman, Brooke Stromberg, Hannah Larsen, Jenna Martin, Rachel UhlenkottTitle: Identifying Prenatal Drug Use and Improving Newborn OutcomesAbstract: With the rate of both drug use among pregnant women and incidence of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) increasing in the United States, an effective screening tool is needed to identify at-risk women during the early prenatal period. Since no universal screening tool has been identified, several tools are examined to determine which are most effective to increase rates of disclosure and treatment in this special population, with the hope of reducing rates of NAS and other poor neonatal outcomes.

***Thursday, May 2nd Keynote Address: 12:00 – 1:30, Silverthorne Theatre***Betty Richardson

Title: Leadership in Public Service: Challenges & OpportunitiesWelcome and Opening Remarks Provost Lori Stinson

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SAuthors: Haley Davis, Patrick Donohue, Jaelyn Nordstrom, Sam WeeksTitle: “A Strategic “Appletunity”Abstract: Apple is known for its iconic product, the iPhone. In the year 2018, 63% of Apple, Inc.’s revenue came from iPhone sales, but Apple doesn’t just cell phones. From 2016 to 2017, 24% of Apple’s net sales growth was comprised of revenue from services, like Apple Music and Apple Pay. That’s not just wear the revenue comes from. The wearable market size is expected to reach a value of $15 billion by 2026. Using one of Apple’s strengths, and its values, there is a strategic opportunity to promote Apple’s existing and future services and wearables.

Authors: Dontae Baker, Victor Robles, Robert McDonaldTitle: Apple Inc. Abstract: Apple is one of the most high-tech, innovative, and profitable companies of the 21st century. It strives to create and provide cutting edge products. Even the most successful companies all have areas of improvement and arguably, one of Apple’s biggest weakness is its lack of compatibility with other companies in the industry. Apple can use its cash reserves and human capital to pursue multiple small compatibility improvements. This includes cross platform APPS, USB C Charging, and Bluetooth file transfer. This strategic opportunity will result in lowering the consumer barrier to entry and targeting customers from Apple’s competitors. Authors: Lingchao Chin, Justin Wuethrich, Jie Zhao Title: Apple Inc. Abstract: We believe Apple can increase its productivity through human resource management. According to our research, we have uncovered internal factors and external conditions that should produce a good strategic opportunity for Apple. By implementing training and development programs into its current HRM strategy to decrease turnover rate and increase skills development, we are able to eliminate weaknesses and threats and enhance strengths and opportunities that could stand in the way of success for this strategy!

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Authors: Darrell Chastain, Skyler Tipple, Taylor Hyde Title: Apple Inc. Abstract: We recommend that Apple advance its global position and differentiation practices by protecting intellectual property from the Chinese government while capitalizing on India’s developing markets. This will be achieved by using a retrenchment strategy to shift production of new from China to Bangalore, India. Exploring this strategy should provide solvency in the United States, and boost Apple’s market share in both China and India. This strategy can eliminate growing trade concerns while resulting in higher profits for the company.

Authors: Samantha Bricker, Julie Dygert, Pam Hedrick, Craig KruegerTitle: Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) Alexa InnovationAbstract: As consultants for Amazon we have committed ourselves to implementing more technology in new and existing products such as appliances, helmets, and wheelchairs. This will help Amazon to not only stay competitive in the market but also create the opportunity for every household desiring top notch artificial intelligence (A.I.) to get it. We believe that this will reduce profit and customer losses, increase profit margins and improve Amazon’s overall brand image in this wide market.

Authors: Will Van Vogt, Mei Ishida, Kaylin OsterTitle: Opportunity to ExpandAbstract: Amazon thrives on innovation and alliances. Our strategy is to use the already well-established Amazon Artificial Intelligence and Amazon Web Services platforms as an invitation for a strategic alliance with a growing company. This action plan would start with creating terms and agreements of a contract. Financial statements and predictions would be established using economic estimators and market conditions. These reports will provide measures of security. Spreading Amazon’s branches into new opportunities is and always will be the foundation for market success.

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SAuthor: S.Na.C.K Consulting Services: Sammy Newell, Natalie Campbell, Cody Hoerner, Kylie Skinner Title: AmazonAbstract: In order to address Amazon’s relatively high turnover rate, loss of employee goodwill, and inadequate human resources, our consulting firm has devised an opportunity that will improve human resource management by increasing average pay rates and shifting to an integrated human resource management strategy. The cost-leadership strategy will be measured by comparing the future turnover rates to the current turnover rates as well as the overall payroll costs and the net income per employee. This method will reduce variable costs while also improving employee relations.

Authors: Dylan Hart, Jackson Hall, Mariah RaeTitle: Management: The Domino EffectAbstract: There is much room for growth in Amazon’s management structure because of the exponential expansion within the company. Since Amazon has a large amount of market shares, they control a large part of the e-commerce industry. This in turn, could be used to reinvest back into the company to revamp human resources and management as a whole. Giving management proper training and encouragement will trickle down to treating employees correctly which as a result leads to customers receiving the service Amazon proudly promises.

Authors: Jeannie Rinard, Izzy Brown, Matt Evarts, Mitchel Kassa Title: “FREE, YOU SAY?”Abstract: Apple, Inc. is known for electronics and software products for both commercial and personal use. Apple has been a leader in the industry and is constantly changing to satisfy the consumers’ needs and wants. We are going to show how we can use Apple’s music streaming service, Apple Music, to increase Apple’s market share in the music streaming industry by selling advertisement space. This will offer consumers the option of using Apple Music for free rather than paying the $10 monthly subscription.

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Authors: Sophie Grimoldby, Kaitlyn Lynch, Taylor Malm, Jerry WilsonTitle: M.G.W.L. Consultation Firm: Amazon Expansion (Amazon Direct)Abstract: Despite the global success that Amazon maintains in the e-commerce market, up and coming business websites threaten to decrease this lead. Here at M.G.W.L Consultation Firm, we have identified a hole in Amazon’s strategic operations. Although Amazon covers several markets on its main website, they lack a Brick and Mortar presence. Through Amazon Direct, the company will seize control of up and coming businesses and their online presence, as well as integrating Amazon’s presence in Brick and Mortar stores through way of services such as point of sales systems.

Authors: Brandey Pennington, Connor VanDenBerg, Maddi Roberts, Taj Goeckner Title: Grade A Shipping Abstract: July 1994 was the start of an e-commerce revolution, known as Amazon.com. Founded in Seattle, Washington, it created the foundation of what is now, one of the biggest retail sectors to date. With the ability to order an item at the push of a button, it starts an intricate chain of events that ends at your doorstep. Amazon has mastered many efficient business practices, but as a team we have found room for improvement in their shipping department. Our goal is to implement a more effective shipping for Prime members that will include an alliance with a third party.

Authors: Denver Martin, Jacob Grow, John Grow, Lauren WestTitle: Providing Further Value to Amazon Customers by Providing Return Stations for Amazon Products at Whole Foods Locations. Abstract: This purpose of this paper is to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of Amazon and to establish a realistic strategic opportunity. We determined that a weakness for Amazon is that product returns have to be sent through the mail. We believe that it would be an effective use of resources for Amazon to add return stations to all Whole Foods locations. This would provide a more convenient way for customers to return products. Our group conducted research by looking at Amazon’s SEC filings, Company Profile, and the Industry Profile.

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Online Business research presentations will be displayed in the lobby throughout the Research Symposium

Authors: Alex d’Aboville, Charlena Cozza, Charlotte Moore, Ryan RothTitle: Amazon: Prime Travel by the Fantastic Four Abstract: Amazon’s mission is to be better than the competition in every way possible, every time, by doing everything, doing it more, doing it better faster and more affordably for the consumer. Amazon believes it can do this through innovation, the development of new products, through the rational use of resources, development of new ideas, and by avoiding standardization of any process. Amazon can use its 310 million active customers and 90 million amazon prime users to expand into the travel industry. The added service will provide customers with access to travel plans flights, hotels, rental cars, entertainment and travel insurance.

Authors: Kira Degelman, Pauline Saunders, Madison Schumacher, Kassandra WaleczakTitle: Analysis and Evaluation of Amazon.com, Inc. by KKMPAbstract: Amazon.com, Inc. is one of the largest and most complex global online retailers. Using strategic analysis techniques, such as SWOT, IFAS, EFAS, SFAS, TOWS, Strategic Opportunity, our report provides a 360-degree analysis of the company. By taking an in-depth approach in identifying things like the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats faced by Amazon, we are able to formulate an action-plan by extracting what Amazon does best and providing solutions for what it struggles with.

Authors: Jacob Gribbin, Sydney Krueger-Ashton, Brittany Lycan, Dengrong PengTitle: Expansion of the Distribution NetworkAbstract: Expanding the existing distribution network to increase sales by meeting the needs of more people. Use the company’s innovative culture to develop more products designed for the larger network of people.

Authors: Mike Kennedy, Jesse Lambert, Emily Schlader & Vanessa Stedman Title: Amazon.com: A Strategic Opportunity in the Grocery Industry by The “Web Warriors”:Abstract: The focus of this presentation will focus on our analysis of Amazon’s internal strengths and weaknesses as well as external opportunities and threats which outline how we arrived at our decision for the strategic opportunity as well as plans for implementation. After careful consideration, we have determined Amazon should utilize its fast delivery service to further expand into the grocery market.

Authors: Aaron Merrifield, Brandon Litalien, Jason Merrifield, Sadie GreggProject Title: Amazon, Prime for Expansion by the Vanguard Group of North IdahoAbstract: Amazon is one of the largest and most successful e-commerce businesses in the world. Amazon’s substantial item selection and advanced distribution system is what sets Amazon apart from the competition. This presentation will help you understand what Amazon is, as well as how Amazon operates and competes in the e-commerce market. You will get a glimpse of how Amazon’s strategic planning activities have been beneficial to the company’s success.

Authors: Justin Peters, Jordan Peters, Jose Silva, Kelcey Utt-BossTitle: Amazon’s Innovative Business by the Money Team Abstract: Amazon has been analyzed extensively by our team over the past couple of months, all in an effort to find out Amazons history, current state, and future for one of the lead power house companies of our generation. Our findings were what anyone would expect to see from a innovative company that has had nothing but success, which is a steady climb in financial earnings, membership growth, and innovation that will likely change the world and how we receive orders online.

Authors: Laura Rolfson, Mason Spielman, Guilaume Corneloup, Michael De StephensTitle: Using Artificial Intelligence in portable devicesAbstract: Developing Artificial Intelligence (AI) in combination with portable products to take the company into the next century. Apple has a legendary innovative process that could allow the company to be the world leader in AI and keep the company on the cutting edge far into the future.

Authors: Tina Soule, Samantha Woody, Chelsea Summerlin, Audrey LeasTitle: Increasing sales through further development of wearable devicesAbstract: Develop new wearable devices that take advantage of the company’s strengths in name recognition and innovation to increase sales and to counteract the dependence on iPhone sales.

Authors: Savannah Valladarez, Angela Anderson, Karli Weber, Emma PluidTitle: Prime Expansion by SAKE Abstract: For our senior project SAKE will be focusing on the expansion of Amazon Prime and how that will benefit the company. Karli will focus on the different aspects of the strengths, Savanna will cover the weaknesses, Angela the opportunities, and Emma, the threats. We will cover how each of these topics can influence this expansion of Amazon Prime.

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SAuthor: Daniel DavydovTitle: The Ideal Ratio of Sodium to Potassium Consumption for Ideal Blood PressureAbstract: The purpose of this research is to review and compile peer reviewed studies which focus on; sodium consumption, potassium consumption, and blood pressure. Over the course of this meta-analysis study, data will be compiled and analyzed to determine any correlations between consuming these two electrolytes and blood pressure. At least 1/3 of US adults are predicted to have hypertension and a high sodium, and low potassium diet has a dose response effect on blood pressure. Through data analysis over a large population sample, the ideal ratio of sodium to potassium consumption for healthy blood pressure (120/80) will be determined.

Author: Mikayla Lane & Taeh BurkeTitle: Strength and Flexibility and Their Effects on Functional MovementAbstract: This research was to test which had greater effects on functional movement: strength training or flexibility training. The study was a six-week crossover study with 15 individuals on strength training and flexibility training. Each group did each intervention for three weeks. A pilot and pre-test of the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) was done prior to the intervention. After the training, each individual was post-tested on the FMS, and given a week between each intervention. After the second bout of training, individuals were again post-tested with the FMS. Results will be provided in the presentation.

Author: Jack SchneiderTitle: Youth Development: Youth CentersAbstract: The purpose of this study is to examine if programming at Boys and Girls Clubs in the Northwest encourage youth activity levels at the recommended levels. Boys and Girls Club administrators will be surveyed about current programming practices. Results will be shared at the Senior Research Symposium.

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Author: Alexis Heuchert, Shania Hildreth, Tanner Schwartz, & Kaden CulpTitle: Acute Effects of Caffeine on Anaerobic PerformanceAbstract: Caffeine is the most used stimulant worldwide. The purpose of this research was to determine if a relationship exist between caffeine intake and anaerobic performance. The following tests were performed in this study: Wingate, vertical jump, and reaction time. Participants included both athletes and non-athletes (N=16). The Wingate is the most valid test for measuring anaerobic power and is a full effort, thirty-second test. Vertical jump is the act of raising one’s center of mass through use of one’s muscles. Three trials were performed using a double-blind study, once with the supplement and once with a placebo. Results are pending.

Authors: Dawson HardieTitle: Paleo diet does it really workAbstract: Obesity has become one of the most dominant diseases in history, and today, the leading cause of morbidity. The desperate need for a solution has led to rapid increases in dietary solutions. The problem is these diets are often used as a quick fix to the problem rather than making a long term lifestyle changes. The low carbohydrate diet is the primary diet for weight loss in America. The danger is that it often substitutes weight loss for nutritional density, risking permanent metabolic damage. To combat this trend of we must increase emphasis on nutritional education.

Author: Race Martin & Derrick WhiteTitle: Factors that Influence Graduation Rates of Student-Athletes: Comparison of Men’s and Women’s SportsAbstract: Multiple strategies could be used by collegiate athletic coaches to assist students with achieving the requisite course grades to remain eligible to compete and stay on track for on-time graduation. While examples of strategies are readily available (i.e., grade checks, study hall, etc.), it is unclear the effectiveness of these strategies. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine student-athlete perceptions of the effectiveness of strategies. Strategies used by head coaches at a small, public college in the Northwest will be identified through semi-structured interviews. Athletes perceptions of the effectiveness of those strategies will be determined through a survey. Results of the survey will be shared at the symposium.

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Authors: Jake VerlinTitle: Chicago’s Bulls or Michael’s Bulls?Abstract: Forbes has just come out with their top NBA teams in terms of value and the Chicago Bulls are in the top four for the 19th consecutive year even through their recent struggles. The Bulls are third to last in revenue per fan, at $20, but are still worth over a billion dollars. The important question is how are they able to generate that level of consistency in a league that is driven by winning? This paper is geared to explore the Chicago Bulls marketing strategy during their rise to greatness and will focus on how they accomplished those goals with a culture shift in the NBA.

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Author: Regan MileyTitle: Street Children of Ecuador Abstract: This descriptive research explores Ecuadorian street children. “Street children” are any child who considers the street their home or source of livelihood. These children are inadequately protected, supervised, or cared for by responsible adults (Lusk, 1989). The Exact number of street children is unknown however, it is estimated that 45% of Latin American children are considered street children. These children are on the streets due to poverty, abuse at home, and neglect. The goal of this research is to gain a better understanding and insight into what life on the street looks like for children in Ecuador.

Author: Rose Jackson Title: Living in Ecuador: Women in Poverty Abstract: Ecuadorian women live within a patriarchal culture with traditional gender roles, which often makes them more susceptible to poverty than men. Ecuadorian women make 20% less than men, 50% have limited education and job skills, and approximately 60-80% have experienced violence. Indigenous women are particularly impacted by race, gender, and class inequalities and 86% of Indigenous people are impoverished. This leads many to beg in the streets to support their families. This descriptive study will document begging culture based on gender, as well as public infrastructure that either helps or hinders people living in poverty in Cuenca, Ecuador.

Author: Emily Ketcherside Title: Education and Technology in Ecuador Abstract: This research explores the advantages and disadvantages of integrating smart phones, iPad, and other technology into elementary schools. 42% of Ecuadorians are using smart phone devices today. Much research suggests smart phones may negatively impact GPA and calls for more exploration of the instructional use of technology in the classroom. The purpose of this research is to describe technology use within Ecuadorian elementary schools as well as in public spaces. Based on primary literature, the Ecuadorian school systems have limited access, use, or training to integrate the newest computer technologies, but increased use of technology by youth, supports the need for more information on this topic.

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Author: Bekah Johnson Title: Women in Traditional Food Markets Abstract: Traditional food markets accounted for 50-60% of the Ecuadorian retail sector by the year 2000 and women dominated these spaces. In a strongly patriarchal culture, there are high demands placed on women’s domestic labor in the home and poor options or support for women’s public labor. The traditional food markets provide an important social, domestic, and economic resource for women who work within the markets and depend on the markets. This research focuses Mary Weismantel’s research on “Cities of Women” in Cuenca to describe changes in the traditional food market culture since her research in 2004.

Author: Danielle YoungTitle: Poverty in Ecuador Abstract: Statistics show that the poverty rate in Ecuador is around 20%. Many people turn to begging to meet their basic needs. This study describes homelessness in Ecuador, observing how those living in poverty utilize outside resources for survival. Research observations in Cuenca, Ecuador will include begging, vending, and use of aid programs. This research is imperative to understand how the homeless population lives and the role of public aid.

Author: Wetalu RodriguezTitle: Street Art and Muralism: The Writings on the Walls of Ecuador Abstract: Research suggests street art and muralism are typically linked to the struggles of political hegemony and Indigenous identity. The goal of this observational research is to build on scholarship and analyze elements of street art and muralism according to color, symbolism, imagery, and typography that may be linked to certain social injustices such as displacement, marginalization, and discrimination. Social injustices and Indigenous identity need to be acknowledged to challenge colonial hegemony and recover public spaces while creating a trajectory of healing for Indigenous Ecuadoreans.

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For English 102 Research Writing students develop their skills learning how to complete academic research and write about their findings. This poster presentation session highlights a sample of the projects completed in a variety of sections.

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Author: Aisha LawsonTitle: Evaluation of an ACT Team in Rural IdahoAbstract: The purpose of this comparative study was to examine the difference in the way Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) staff and ACT clients perceive the team as adhering to the ACT key principles. Surveys measuring the ACT’s fidelity utilizing a Likert scale were allocated to ten clients and ten staff members. Responses from a total of five clients and nine staff members were recorded, the majority indicating a fairly high satisfaction rate.

Author: Nicole BurgessTitle: Demographics and Current Total Adult Living ScoreAbstract: The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine if there is a relationship between various demographic variables, including age, gender, parental divorce, education, employment, income, and marriage/divorce status and the total adult living score (TALS). Approximately 107 individuals participated in a survey taken from an open Facebook link. This survey indicated participants’ demographics and their personal ratings of four adult life aspects (TALS). These four aspects were mental health, physical health, employment, and relationships with loved ones. Depending on their TALS the survey indicated whether their demographics reflected how successful they were in their adult life.

Author: Rachael Childers and Mollie SmolkowskiTitle: Social Media’s Impact on Mental Health Abstract: The purpose of this correlational study was to examine the effects social media has on the mental health of users. Participants were asked to take a survey utilizing the social media platform, Facebook. From there, researchers attempted to determine if there was a correlation between hours/days spent on social media and its effects on body image/self-esteem of men and women. The difference between men’s perceptions of body image/self-esteem and women’s were also taken into consideration. There were 127 participants total and a correlational test was run. Results will be shared at the symposium.

Authors: Nicholas Spooner and Rachel GreggTitle: A Comparative Study of Marijuana Use between Legal and Illegal States: An Approach usingMaslow’s Hierarchy of NeedsAbstract: Researchers examined rates of marijuana use alongside current state of residence for participants and how factors compared. The purpose of this research was to observe the relationship between state of residence and marijuana use. The research also compared rates of marijuana use within the ages of participants, observing how these factors interact since increase in favorable legislation regarding marijuana. The sample included any willing participants age 18+ with access to Facebook living in the United States. Results demonstrated no significant difference between legal and illegal states, and marijuana use levels varied within age groups.

Author: Brittany Nicole AdkinsTitle: Frequency of Hegemonic LanguageAbstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency in which hegemonic language was used by instructors, both male and female, at a Pacific Northwest high school during one random lecture. Participants were given an audio recording device that they used to record their 90-minute lecture. Participants were approached with the opportunity to participate – they were then handed the recording device at the agreed upon location. Each recording was transcribed to determine the frequency of hegemonic phrases in which each instructor used during their 90-miniute lectures. Results of this research study will be unveiled at the Symposium.

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Authors: Darci Reagan and Heidi Wilponen Title: Inside a Tent City: Students Engaged in Anti-Poverty Practice Abstract: This study aimed to immerse social work students into urban tent cities and homeless shelters for the purpose of experiential learning. Over the course of one year, the researchers spent 71 hours engaged in urban anti-poverty work. The time was spent passing out survival supplies to tent city residents, putting on family fun nights, preparing meals, and living in a Seattle homeless shelter. The time spent engaging in anti-poverty work will forever leave an impact. Participating in autoethnographic reflections the researchers believe in the benefits of experiential learning to greatly improve social work practice.

Author: Megan LoeTitle: Evaluating the Pink TaxAbstract: The purpose of this study was to analyze the difference in the price of men and women based hygiene products. Three Pacific Northwest stores were selected to compare prices of the hygiene products. Pink Tax refers to female products that are priced at higher rates than male products. This study will bring awareness to the areas that the Pink Tax is affecting gender based hygiene.

Author: Alondra Juarez Title: Effects of Secondary Trauma on Social WorkersAbstract: The purpose of this comparative study was to examine the differences in self-care and secondary trauma stress between senior social work students and their Agency Field Instructors (AFI). Approximately twelve professionals in the Pacific Northwest participated in the survey over a course of three weeks. A t-test was conducted to determine if there was a difference between senior social work students and their AFI’s in terms of secondary trauma effects. Results will be shared at the senior symposium.

Authors: Angela Franta and Ryan FroscoTitle: Descriptive Program Evaluation of the Pullman Food Pantry ProgramAbstract: The purpose of this descriptive study is to evaluate the Pullman Food Pantry and the need for this program to continue in the Pullman School District. Participants were asked to take a short survey evaluating their experience with the Food Pantry Program. Surveys were handed out inside each of the prepared food bags and sent home with the children for their parents to fill out. This data was collected and placed in an Excel spreadsheet where statistical analysis was examined. Findings will be shared at the research symposium.

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Author: Michael AndersonTitle: Henry Talkington: Surviving the Faculty Dismissal of 1903 at Lewiston Normal SchoolAbstract: Lewiston Normal, now Lewis-Clark State College (LCSC), is an institute of higher learning located in Lewiston, Idaho. As part of its 125th year anniversary in 2018, LCSC posted news briefs about the school’s historical figures -- most notably Professor Henry Talkington. One brief states that President George Black dismissed all of the faculty members except Talkington in 1903. Yet, Black’s bearing responsibility for the mass dismissal has been contradicted by two previous institutional histories. Reexamining the conflicting interpretations by using primary documents this study concludes that Black did not actually fire the faculty and that Henry Talkington was rehired not retained.

Author: Camper ZieglerTitle: The Three Feminist Waves and the Lewiston YWCAAbstract: The Lewiston YWCA has had many shifts in its history; each shift led to new opportunities for women to advance in society, reflecting on the changes in perceptions of women and women’s roles in the 20th century. Beginning with the first feminist wave and the creation of the local YWCA, the relevance of the organization’s 100-year history is demonstrated by exploring its thoughts and wants in relationship to the second feminist wave and how the creation of a domestic violence shelter pushed it ahead of developments linked to the third feminist wave.

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Author: Katrina CookTitle: Equality in Death? Disease and Medicine in the American Civil WarAbstract: During the American Civil War, medical knowledge was in a transitional phase between rudimentary knowledge and advancements that would save hundreds of lives. Yet, disease killed more soldiers than battle itself. Medical supplies and doctors were limited. This paper will examine whether African American soldiers were discriminated against in terms of medical care or more susceptible to diseases than their white counterparts. It will also explore whether African Americans, in general, were more susceptible to death in the war to gain their own freedom.

Author: Andrew John D. BaronTitle: An Index for Evaluating Legislative Redistricting in Idaho: Slicing the PotatoAbstract: Controversy surrounding legislator-led redistricting has caused some states to adopt an independent commission to minimize partisan influence and prevent “gerrymandering.” Most research on these commissions has focused on evaluations using criteria like competitiveness and compactness, ignoring requirements under state laws. Idaho’s commission is ideal for developing methods for evaluating redistricting plans because of its bipartisan nature, institutional history, and the state’s unique geography. Idaho law defines three crucial redistricting criteria: population deviance, county preservation, and maintenance of communities of interest. Official guidelines are combined into an index, which is then used to evaluate redistricting plans for the Idaho state legislature.

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Author: Elijah PhippsTitle: Terror and Influence: Neo-Mercantile Examination for the Causes of the 2017 Qatar-Gulf Crisis Abstract: Since the 2017 Qatar Gulf Crisis, several explanations, such as soft disempowerment (Paul Brannagan and Richard Giulianotti, 2018) and U.S. influence (Marwan Kabalan, 2018), have been provided to explain what led to this conflict. However, none of them have taken into account Neo-Mercantilist Theory, which can connect much of the evidence used by previous explanations to create a more detailed explanation of the crisis. This paper will examine what this approach can contribute to explain the crisis’s outbreak by examining past confrontations, trade and diplomatic relations, and economic and political instabilities of Qatar and embargoing states led by Saudi Arabia.

Author: Colton OrrTitle: Appeal to the Peasantry: The Socialist Implications of Land Reform in 20th Century MexicoAbstract: This paper examines land reform from 1917-1940 and its socialist implications in the United Mexican States. The competing nationalist and socialist ideologies during the Mexican Revolution produced the Constitution of 1917 which promised land to indigenous and peasant populations through Article 27. Other than Lázaro Cárdenas’ presidency (1934-1940) no administration significantly addressed land redistribution. Indigenous peoples’ communal ownership of land was never fully realized, and the emergence of the socialist Zapatista movement in the 1990s is the most recent development in a century of Mexico’s failure to address the land question.

Author: Jeff BartTitle: Does Community Oriented Policing Save Lives? Abstract: Community policing is a preventative approach to law enforcement that aims to strengthen the relationship between officers and citizens. This paper examines the existing literature on the perceptions of community policing by both officers and citizens, and proposes a before and after comparative study on three departments that have adopted the community policing model, one micropolitan city, one metropolitan city, and one major metropolitan city, to find if there is a correlation between community policing and lower rates of deadly force by police officers.

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Author: Tyler BurchTitle: Coaching Players Strategies to Prevent Arm InjuriesAbstract: Arm injuries are a common concern across all competitive levels in the sport of baseball. However, there is no consistent training protocol recommended or utilized by coaching staffs to minimize injury risk. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine strategies coaches use to decrease the rate of arm injury occurrence amongst student-athletes and to identify additional strategies pursued by the student-athletes themselves. Head coaches and student-athletes will be surveyed to examine strategies used and perceived effectiveness of those strategies. Findings will contribute to coach training strategies. Results will be shared at the symposium.

Author: Ariel BencomoTitle: Yikes! Student-Athletes and Mental HealthAbstract: Mental health concerns are on the rise amongst the college student-athlete population. Increased demands placed on student-athletes to balance academics and athletics places them at increased risk for the negative effects that can result if stress goes unchecked. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify coping strategies student-athletes use to combat daily stressors and to examine student-athlete perceptions of the impact of positive psychology strategies and find out if an intervention is necessary. Student-athletes from a small, public college in the Northwest will be surveyed. Results will be shared at the symposium.

Author: Tyson FeiderTitle: Sports Specialization in Youth Sports Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine if college students at a small, public college in the Northwest who played high school sports are specialized in one sport have experienced the phenomenon of burnout and why that might be.

Author: Jeff Schumacher & Tori Schumacher Title: Viability of Club Sports in Colleges and UniversitiesAbstract: Colleges and universities continually explore strategies to improve student retention, wellness, and experience. Research (Warner, 2013; Pascarella & Terenzini, 2005; Blumenthal, 2009) indicates that students who participate in club sports during college are more likely to adopt healthy behaviors. Therefore, students at a small, public college in the Northwest that does not have club sports will be surveyed about their interest in club sports and perceptions of their value. Findings will inform future student activity planning discussions. Results from this study will be shared at the symposium.

Author: Heidi HughesTitle: Are Extensions Falling Short? - A Look at the Effectiveness of Testing Time Accommodations in Post-Secondary Education Abstract: Passed in 1990, the Americans with Disability Act (ADA) was created to hedge against discrimination associated with various forms of disability. While extended testing time accommodations (ETTA) are the most common accommodation for students with anxiety, few studies have evaluated its efficacy in higher education. Looking towards Boost Differential Analysis and Questions Answered Analysis, this paper explores the efficacy of ETTA and whether there is any evidence to suggest that this accommodation is meeting proper accommodation requirements for colleges in line with the ADA’s demands. If not, it leaves institutions open for litigation, or ultimately hurts students’ chance to succeed.

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Author: Katy HaightTitle: A Case Study of the Jerry Sandusky Scandal at Penn State UniversityAbstract: This case study will examine the Jerry Sandusky sexual abuse scandal. Through analysis of information published in academic journals, video, and news articles, this scandal will be analyzed to identify how sport leaders can use effective leadership strategies and checks and balances to prevent occurrences of such nature. In addition to results of media analysis, leadership strategies important to the effective education of sport leaders will be shared.

Author: Lacy GoodsonTitle: The Use of Sport Analytics in Planning Successful PracticesAbstract: The use of sport analytics to help teams achieve success is increasing rapidly. Head women’s volleyball, men’s and women’s basketball, and men›s baseball coaches from four NAIA conferences (Frontier, Cascade, California Pacific, and Golden State Athletic) were surveyed about how they utilize sport analytics in planning practices. This information will be helpful to coaches when considering strategies to plan effective practices.

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Author: Jolee AeschlimanTitle: Blm DNA helicase is essential during early embryogenesis in Drosophila melanogasterAbstract: Drosophila embryos lacking maternally loaded Blm accumulate significant DNA damage and lethality. Males are especially vulnerable, as there is a significant female sex-bias in surviving progeny. We investigated the critical period for Blm activity during development. Blm is essential in the early embryo cell cycles; once zygotic transcription is activated, Blm status has no effect on survival. Moreover, the female sex-bias is evident in larval stages of development, indicating an embryonic male-specific lethality.

Author: Whitney RaverTitle: Effects of Mutation on Age-Related Changes in Protein Aggregation Abstract: Protein aggregates are associated with age-related pathologies of the nervous system. This research examined the extent to which spontaneous mutations may exacerbate age-related changes in the accumulation of protein aggregates by examining physiological parameters of known influence. Quantified levels of protein aggregates, hydrogen peroxide, and peroxidase were measured fluorometrically in young, old, mutant, and non-mutant lines of the model organism Daphnia magna. There were significant increases in the levels of protein aggregates in mutant and old individuals of D. magna. These results suggest mutation load and aging jointly influence the levels of protein aggregates.

Author: Shane J.D. KinzerTitle: The Evolution of Phenotypic Plasticity Under Relaxed SelectionAbstract: Phenotypic plasticity is the change in phenotypic expression in response to environmental variation. Phenotypic plasticity is quantified using a reaction norm approach. Variation in reaction norms arise due to differences in the rate and effect of new mutations and their interaction with natural selection. In this experiment we investigated the direction and magnitude of phenotypic change in two populations of Daphnia magna evolving under relaxed selection to test the hypothesis that traits themselves evolve faster than plasticity within a trait. Contrary to our hypothesis, our results indicate that trait plasticity may evolve faster than traits themselves.

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FRIDAY MORNING SESSIONAuthor: Ketcherside, D. TAuthors: Ketcherside, D. T., Scott, P. S., Grimm, B.K., Li, J., Manangquil, M. A., Nunez, L. A., Pittman, D. L., Scott, P. S., Uhlorn, R.P., Johnston, N.A.CTitle: Wildfire Smoke Impacts on the Lewis–Clark ValleyAbstract: Each summer, wildfire smoke impacts the air quality of the Lewis – Clark Valley (LCV). This study used thermal desorption – gas chromatography – mass spectrometry to analyze air toxics during the 2017 and 2018 fire seasons in the LCV. In addition, PM2.5 concentrations and land area burned in different geographical regions of the United States were obtained. During the smoke events, PM2.5 and several air toxics were correlated to area burned in the Northern Rockies, Northern California, and the Great Basin. Benzene and PM2.5 were elevated up to ten times the background, on average, increasing human health risk by up to ten-fold.

Author: Rhiana FoxTitle: Using Optimization and Data Analytics to Measure Impact by the YWCAAbstract: The YWCA, in Lewiston, Idaho, is a nonprofit organization whose mission is to eliminate racism, empower women, and promote peace, justice, freedom, and dignity for all. We have teamed up with the YWCA to determine which features contribute to the effectiveness of their services in terms of completing their goals. In analyzing their data, we applied dimension reduction and clustering techniques. Our analysis provided information to the YWCA that they will then be able to use to report the overall success of their organization. In this presentation, we will share details of these methods and the results.

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Title: Justice Studies Senior Research PanelAbstract: At this Justice Studies panel students will examine how compelling issues of crime, justice, and policy intersect with law enforcement, the legal system, and corrections.

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Author: Nerissa (Tig) GreeneTitle: Overcoming Bias towards Hunters in Nature Through Creative Non-FictionAbstract: Before I started hunting, my view of the sport relied on the biased opinion presented by the media. Hunters were shown to be ignorant, trophy killing machines. Over the course of my life as a hunter that bias opinion has been proven wrong. Through my creative non-fiction writing, I hope to join my voice with others who have found a deeper connection to the natural world through the act of hunting. Authors noted in this presentation are Hillary Hemingway, Theodore Roosevelt, and Billy Ellis.

Author: Taylor MarshallTitle: Thoughts of the SublimeAbstract: The sublime has often been identified as something that is extraordinary and awe-inspiring. However, due to the sublime’s subjective properties, the concept can be difficult to harness into one concise meaning. It is experienced visually, spiritually, emotionally, or physically, that takes the individual to a heightened state of being. Senses are maximized, and feelings of awe and wonder are present. Sublime experiences can be beautiful, mysterious, terrifying, or exalting. Romantic era poet William Wordsworth tackles the terror and romanticism of the sublime, while Ernest Hemingway evokes the sublime’s healing qualities. Nature is often connected to the sublime, and its effects include healing properties and the soothing of the soul. Can the sublime only be experienced individually, or can groups of people experience it together?

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Author: Courtney KammersTitle: The Making of a Human: How Education Alters an Author and Her World Abstract: In 1817, when she was 20 years old, Mary Shelley told a scary story to a group of close friends. Meant as a method to pass the time, the story blossomed into something more: a novel of immeasurable importance. Frankenstein has become a household name, known as a gestalt of body parts, sewn together by a scientist and transformed into a monster. The research for this project looks deeply into the ways that Shelley discovered how to create a man, and how she allows her own creation, Victor Frankenstein, to become a creator of man. The effect of the books Shelley read and the family she was born into had a trickle-down effect into what she created: her most famous character, Dr. Victor Frankenstein. Frankenstein followed the example of his maker by creating a life, a monster that was supremely influenced by the books he read and the family life he experienced.

Authors: Suzanne McHoneTitle: Undefining the Culture of DysfunctionAbstract: That person. You probably know at least one. That person who can’t seem to focus. That person who has so much potential it makes you ache. You feel frustrated, maybe irritated, that they won’t even try. Sure, you recognize that their life is difficult, but whose isn’t?In this presentation I want to introduce you to the culture of dysfunction from the inside out by bridging the gap between “THAT CHILD,” who has grown into “THAT PERSON,” and the rest of the population. I posit that there is a culture, defined by dysfunction, that begs to be undefined. Unless you’ve been “That Child,” your imagination is not enough to comprehend what “That Person” may deal with on a daily basis.

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Author: Randi MontgomeryTitle: Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Nella Larsen and the Reality of IsolationAbstract: Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s 1892 classic story “The Yellow Wallpaper” and Nella Larsen’s 1929 novel Passing depict women who become alienated from society because they are unable to conform to the strict ideologies forced upon them. By close reading key scenes in Gilman’s and Larsen’s stories that deal with themes of isolation, obsession, and mental illness, I analyze the repercussions for women who don’t fit into their societal roles and are driven to the brink of insanity.

Author: Lars RoubidouxTitle: No Paths Are Straight: A Queer Reading of a Fantasy IconAbstract: The fantasy-lit genre as we know it has an unlikely origin story that questions the notion that the genre belongs to straight men. A Dustbowl-Era Texan named Robert E. Howard walked so later fantasy authors could run, with the 21st century version of the genre now prominently featuring all kinds of positive and often pro-queer representations of gender and sexuality diversity. Howard’s Conan the Barbarian stories have often been seen as the epitome of hyper-masculinity and heterosexuality by the fantasy-loving nerd community. This is an odd and likely incorrect assessment of Howard’s work, considering both biographical as well as textual evidence suggesting that Howard was most likely a closeted gay man, writing in an era of rigidly enforced compulsory heterosexuality.

Author: Danae JohnsonTitle: Damsel to HeroineAbstract: This project is a look at how perspectives have changed on female roles in Greek mythology. From the original myths where women were looked at as either damsels or monsters depending on their choices to the women in modern times who are looked at as strong heroines in the myths they star in today, we will look at a normal structure of myths and how myths don’t see much fluctuation over time.

Author: Daisy DayTitle: Short Story vs. Microfiction: An Interdisciplinary Lens on Today’s Shortening LiteratureAbstract: This essay presents an interdisciplinary lens on the growth of the experimental genre microfiction. My research argues significant differences between the short story and microfiction in terms of length, technique, experience, and reader engagement. I have narrowed three disciplines that pertain to this topic: literature, cognitive psychology, and mass communications.

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Authors: Hannah ManwillerTitle: Dante, Chaucer, and Martin Luther: The Reformation through LiteratureAbstract: This presentation is about how the ideas of Protestant Reformer Martin Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses, written in 1517, were founded much earlier in both Dante’s Inferno and Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales. Both of these works, the Inferno (ca. 1265-1321) and the Canterbury Tales (ca. 1345–1400) were written as fictional literature. The main links between the earlier works and Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses are the criticisms against the church officials’ greed and their power over the afterlife through indulgences and papal bulls. Also, all three are vernacular works which exposed the hypocrisies of the medieval church to the general public.

Author: Anna MartensTitle: Words That Break NationsAbstract: The literature surrounding French and American revolutions helped to bring them about, was influenced by them, and examines them in hindsight, depending on time of publication. The logical arguments of Thomas Paine and Thomas Jefferson’s political pamphlets and essays at the time of the American Revolution capture the spirit of a young nation of intellectual idealists intent on independence and were essential to rallying the American colonists into an organized revolt against Britain, earning America her independence. Choderlos de Laclos’s seductive Dangerous Liaisons explores the excesses and immoralities of the libertine French aristocracy that sparked the French Revolution by closely following the personal intrigue of the characters, while also drawing parallels between events in the novel and the injustices occurring in the country at the time.

Author: Jordyn MarcrofTitle: Russia’s Literary RevolutionAbstract: This project explores Russia during the 20th century through the literary works of Anna Akhmatova, Boris Pasternak, and the experiences captured by Svetlana Alexievich in her book, Secondhand Time. The poetry of Anna Akhmatova evolves with the country and the once selfish and single-minded poet becomes a warrior for those subjected to Stalin’s bloody rule. Pasternak’s Dr. Zhivago introduced the world to the new Russia and was such a powerful piece of literature that it was published in Italy, ultimately, destroying Pasternak’s career. Alexievich’s retellings of Soviet experiences show how powerful Stalin’s fear made authors like Pasternak and Akhmatova. The literature produced in this incredible time helped the Russian people get through an onslaught of war and starvation.

***Friday, May 2nd Featured Symposium*** 12:00-1:15, Silverthorne Theatre

Welcome and Opening Remarks: President Cynthia PembertonFACULTY SHOWCASE SYMPOSIUM:

A symposium session highlighting the scholarly endeavours of LCSC faculty. See page 5

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Author: Gary OfferdahlTitle: Defining Dads in Super Bowl Ads Abstract: Gender stereotypes in advertising have been examined extensively. However, there have been few examinations of Super Bowls ads despite the millions of viewers targeted by advertisers during the event each year. This study examines how men are represented in traditional and non-traditional family roles within Super Bowl ads from 2015, also known as the “Year of the Dad” of Super Bowl advertising. Findings are also compared to patterns established from research focused on 1990 – 2009.

Author: Owen LanningTitle: Women in Film: The Evolution of Women in the Super-hero GenreAbstract: Women have been a largely under-served demographic in film as demonstrated both through underrepresentation and through roles played, roles which have often been subservient to their male counterparts. In particular, the explosion of super-hero films in recent years along with their box office draw makes the superhero genre an interesting case study for exploring the role of women in film. As such, this paper uses the Bechdel Test for women in fiction to examine superhero films from 2002 to 2019.

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Author: Douglas CowdreyTitle: Memes and Humor: Artistic, Subversive, and UnprecedentedAbstract: An in-depth analysis of Internet memes, their transformations, and the subjectivity of humor are surveyed and tied together to suggest that the reason internet memes are so impactful is because any Internet user can participate and contribute to them—whether trivially or substantially. The study shows the complex and subversive nature of memes enables them to be used flexibly in humor as well as cultural and political communication, therefore likening them to an art movement.

Author: Isadora MacHado Prieto de Oliveir Title: A Study of Lighting Techniques in Vince Gilligan’s TV Series Breaking BadAbstract: In Breaking Bad, the lead character, Walter White, is framed as a man with morals introduced to the world of drug dealing, caught between good and evil. This paper is interested in the cinematography of the series, and in the use of lighting techniques in particular. The paper analyzes lighting and framing techniques to explore how the director manipulates the audience’s feelings toward White, exploring light and dark and its relationship to good and evil.

Author: Hannah MitchellTitle: Understanding the Word “No” and Our Reactions to Its UseAbstract: This paper explores our understanding of the word “no” as well as reactions to its use. The paper examines how we set boundaries and develop self-control, and in particular, looks at studies that show how parenting styles affect self-control in children. In addition, the paper investigates case studies of the word “no” by examining the word’s use (or lack thereof) in public campaigns, including consideration of the reactions to and outcomes of those campaigns.

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Author: Colleen TerhaarTitle: The Effects of Silence on Communication: An Analysis of Friends Abstract: Silence is one of many communication tools used to relay messages from senders to receivers. The use of silence often leaves ambiguous gaps in communication, open to a cornucopia of interpretations. This paper examines silence and its effects on verbal dialogue and communication, and in particular, looks at how silence can substitute for language. Drawing insight from Fisher’s narrative paradigm, the paper examines the use of silence in the TV series, Friends.

Author: Jen RouxTitle: Political Communication and HIV/AIDS in Post-Apartheid South Africa Abstract: This project examines the close link between political communication and its influence on the AIDS epidemic in post-apartheid South Africa. With 7.9 million HIV-positive people, South Africa has the most number of individuals living with HIV/AIDS worldwide. Focusing on the documentary, State of Denial, the paper examines the actions and rhetoric of past presidents Nelson Mandela, Thabo Mbeki and Jacob Zuma and their impact on the attitudes of the public at the time.

Author: Madi Shaw Title: Organizational Communication, Culture, and Brand: Shaping Southwest AirlinesAbstract: Well-known for its quirkiness and laid back feel, Southwest Airlines has risen to the top of their field as both a leader in the airline industry and a leader in crafting culture. Looking at both artifacts and values, including mission statement, policies, and advertisements, the paper analyzes Southwest’s culture. Specifically, this paper explores how the corporate culture of Southwest Airlines has helped shape its famous and unique brand.

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FRIDAY AFTERNOON SESSIONAuthor: Thomas LampkinTitle: Framing Victory: Nike, Strategy, Image, and Opportunity Abstract: Nike, Inc., well known for its shoes, apparel and sports equipment, has been leader in the sports industry for many years now. But how does the company maintain the status and image of its brand? This project studies the marketing and communication strategies of Nike Corporation, with particular attention to framing and image repair. In addition, the paper explores Nike’s attention to current cultural and social movements as an opportunity to market to audiences in innovative ways.

Author: Mikailah ThompsonTitle: Women in Leadership RolesAbstract: This study examines not only women in the workplace, but the challenges that woman face rising to leadership positions both at work in particular and in culture more generally. The paper examines common leadership styles and offers comparisons of those styles along gendered lines. In addition, the paper explores gendered stereotypes as well as the barriers to and benefits of women in leadership positions. Ce

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Author: Cory J. DollarhideTitle: Reaching for Peak Performance: Sport Psychology, Mindset, and MotivationAbstract: What makes athletes want to succeed? What sparks motivation? This project examines the sources of motivation in sport, and in particular, looks to sports psychology. The paper investigates the strategies used in sports psychology that encourage motivation as well as shifts in mindset and behavior. By examining successful professional athletes such as Kobe Bryant, LeBron James, and Stephen Curry, the paper looks to uncover strategies of both mindset and motivation.

Author: Andrew Najeeb-BrushTitle: Communicating Success: Managing Meaning and Strategic Communication for an Elite Sports Team Abstract: This paper examines the communicative dynamics that take place in the reality series, Last Chance U. The series follows a junior college athletic program and the student athletes who have found themselves participating in it, despite economic and academic challenges. The paper analyzes the communication strategies and messages employed by the coach to get the most out of his team, including issues of accountability, motivation, resilience and leadership.

Author: Tanner SimpsonTitle: The Language of Listening: Note-taking and Transcribing MessagesAbstract: This paper is interested in the reception of communicative messages. That is, this paper examines the process of listening, and further, as a form of active-listening, the process of note-taking. The paper identifies the listening and note-taking strategies most frequently advised or promoted by popular and academic websites, subsequently comparing it to findings in academic literature focused on effective listening and note-taking strategies and techniques.

Author: Andre McCowanTitle: Accommodating Age in an Age of Connectivity: Social Media and the ElderlyAbstract: In the age of the Internet and increasing social media, one growing concern is the gap between those who have access to the Internet and those who do not. The elderly emerge as one group potentially divided or diverged from a culture overwhelmed by smartphones, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube. This paper examines the relationship between the elderly and today’s communication technology. Drawing from the documentary, Cyber-Seniors, and communication accommodation theory, the paper considers how elderly members of society accommodate to today’s Internet culture.

Author: Erin Ramsey Title: When Cultures Meet: Exploring Accommodation in the Films Wind River and AvatarAbstract: This paper examines the films, Wind River and Avatar, both of which portray white Americans entering a different cultural or racial setting and the subsequent communication that occurs when two cultures meet. Using communication accommodation theory, which explains how humans adapt or fail to adapt their communicative behaviors when interacting with others, the paper focuses on intercultural interactions within the films, and in particular, the accommodating and non-accommodating behaviors that are portrayed.

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Authors: Mikayla Austin (Kinesiology; Movement & Sport Sciences), Andrew John D. Baron (Political Science; Social Sciences), Yuka Katsuki (Computer Science; Natural Sciences and Mathematics), Damien Ketcherside (Chemistry; Natural Sciences and Mathematics)Title: Next Level Résumés: The E-Portfolio EffectAbstract: An E-portfolio is an electronic tool a student can use to provide a rich, descriptive documentation of learning experiences and skill attainment. A visual and interactive strategy, an E-portfolio helps students share their unique skill set with potential employers and/or graduate school admissions committees. Four students in the School of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Mikayla Austin (Kinesiology; Movement & Sport Sciences), Yuka Katsuki (Computer Science; Natural Sciences and Mathematics), Damien Ketcherside (Chemistry; Natural Sciences and Mathematics), and AJ Baron (Political Science; Social Sciences) participated in an E-portfolio pilot project during the spring 2019 semester. Come to this session to view their E-portfolio designs and hear their perspectives on the relevance and impact of this unique learning experience.

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Author: Samuel LongTitle: Retinal Axon Tracing in SBEM Images in BIOF350 Abstract: The retina of the mouse consists of approximately 5 million photoreceptors, connected to approximately 600,000 bipolar cells. With some effort, it is possible to find out which photoreceptor is connected to which bipolar cell. This takes about an hour of work. In BIOF350, students will learn a variety of image analysis techniques, and then test 4 different methods of automatic axon following to determine which is the best choice to automate this task. Results will be applied to current research questions in biology which are under investigation at the Fuerst lab at the University of Idaho.

Author: Heather A. MoonTitle: Using Optimization Techniques to Tackle Real-World ProblemsAbstract: The area of optimization bridges the gap from computational courses like Calculus and Algebra to the real world. Optimization is simply the mathematics of decision-making. In this poster, I present a 4-week module that guides students through real (applied) collaborative mathematical research that reaches into our community, helping a community partner in decision-making. Students will work in teams with me, another mathematical expert, another student, and the respective community partner using strategies from class to tackle the problem gaining experience using the skills that a mathematician uses on real-life problems.

Authors: Eric Stoffregen, Kathryn Kohl, Elyse Bolterstein, Christina SwansonTitle: A collaborative network for CURE development and scientific discoveryAbstract: A multisite team of science educators has begun a collaboration to develop course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) for biology students at our respective institutions. These CUREs will allow students to work on identifying and characterizing mutagen-sensitive genes in Drosophila melanogaster. The overall goals of this project are to expose students to authentic research experiences in their science courses and to open up areas for further research investigation by undergraduate students in mentored research outside of the classroom.

Authors: Erika Allen, Julie Bezzerides, Kylee Britzman, Amy Canfield, Marlowe Daly-Galeano, Sarah Graham, Renee Harris, Rachel Jameton, Nancy Johnston, Debbie Kolstad, Spencer Payton, Angela WartelTitle: Inclusive Practices at LCSC FA17-SP18 Abstract: Ten faculty and staff members earned their Inclusive Practices Certificates (IPC) this year by participating in this program. These individuals attended and organized workshops and events on and off campus, reflected on teaching practices, and participated in book clubs and discussions, all designed to help foster a more inclusive environment on the campus as a whole and in classrooms. These posters showcase the work of several participants, documenting how incorporating inclusive practices benefits the college.

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FRIDAY AFTERNOON E-PORTFOLIO SHOWCASE 3:00 – 5:45WCC

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Authors: Casey Blamires, Heather Henson-Ramsey, Rachel Jameton, Liz Martin, Nina Peterson, Gwen Sullivan, Amanda Van LanenTitle: Interdisciplinary Co-Taught Classes: Three Methods and ExperiencesAbstract: Co-taught classes offer important ways to teach and learn about real-world interdisciplinary problems and build relationships across disciplines. Multiple models and ways of connecting disciplines are possible at LCSC. Here, three different methods are described by faculty who have implemented them: cap-doubling, projects, and linked classes. Authors: Kayla Glaser, Rachel JametonTitle: LC Learning Garden and Outdoor Classroom: Connecting Learning to LifeAbstract: Recent highlights, upcoming events and connections to the Warrior Food Pantry are described. Students and faculty are invited to the garden to volunteer, join the Life Lab, use the classroom space, and enjoy fresh grown produce and the outdoor space.

Author: Rayanna GroveTitle: Conservation of the Andean Condor in Ecuador Abstract: Despite an increase in conservation efforts, the Andean Condor population in Ecuador is few in numbers and still declining. The goal of this descriptive research is to document Andean Condor representations in public spaces. Preliminary research suggests the negative perception held by many, is leading to illegal harvest of the condor and an unwillingness to help preserve the species. The presence/absence of public displays and a qualitative description of representations provide one meaningful lens to better understand the current discourse on the Andean condor.

Authors: Damien KetchersideTitle: Indigenous Street Art as Protest of Petroleum Extraction in Ecuador Abstract: Ecuador has faced years of petroleum exploitation and encroachment on indigenous territories. The indigenous population has responded with lawsuits and protest. While most protest consists of marches on the country’s capital, it is also found in artwork. The Ecuadorian government has attempted to silence the indigenous peoples, using media and police as tools. Thus, street art circumvents the government to bring awareness to social and environmental injustices. In Ecuador, street art will be examined for the presence of petroleum extraction protest, and findings quantified. Based on preliminary research, it is expected that presence of such protest will be prevalent.

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Author: Brooke ChaseTitle: A Canyon Full of MedicineAbstract: The land was a valuable resource for the Native Americans. They were experts on how to use natural resources for a diverse array of needs such as food, shelter, and healing. This project focuses on plants that the Nez Perce used throughout their seasonal rounding areas as healing remedies. Herbal medicine was the primary form of treatment used by Native Americans before the arrival of settlers. These secrets were passed down from generation to generation, healing tribes for centuries.

Authors: Sheldon Gentry & William CoulombeTitle: The Passage through HellAbstract: This study looks at the process by which the Nez Perce people in 1877 used parts of Hells Canyon’s rugged landscape— their homeland— to buy precious seconds while evading General Howard and his army. By using strategies known only to them, the Nez Perce quickly propelled themselves through the raging rivers of the Snake and the Salmon while never losing a man, woman, or child.HELL

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Author: Ben GerthungTitle: Invasiveness in Hells Canyon: A Study in Three PartsAbstract: Hells Canyon is a place bustling with plant life. This study examines three invasive species; Rubus armeniacus (Himalayan blackberry), Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass), and Onopordum acanthium (scotch thistle). The history of the plants will be investigated (i.e. origins and history of introduction to the U.S.). This study will also look at the effects of these plants on local flora and fauna, as well as the removal efforts by Idaho and Oregon Fish and Game.

Author: Casey J. GibsonTitle: Balancing Hydropower and Aquatic Life in the Hells Canyon ComplexAbstract: This study examines fish conservation and hatchery programs operated by the Idaho Power Company to mitigate the impact of hydroelectric projects on anadromous and resident fish populations within the Hells Canyon Complex. The placement of dams along the Snake River has long been the subject of controversy among tribes and environmental organizations, citing the impediment on salmon migrations, and the depredation of rearing and spawning habitats. Proactive measures are required to balance the recovery and sustainment of fish populations with the continued operation and production of clean and sustainable hydroelectric power.

Authors: Althea Logan & Yu Chun LinTitle: Painting the CanyonAbstract: In our project, we constructed parfleches or ’isa ́aptakay, using as much as possible traditional Plateau technologies. We prepared, cut, and folded elk hide. We created natural pigment crayons, based upon our research and instruction from Nez Perce artist, Kevin Peters. The pigments in our crayons came from minerals and flora we found in Hells Canyon and in other areas of the Plateau. A significant part of our project was learning how Native people developed the technologies to render natural pigments into useable and durable paints. Lessons learned in the trial-and-error process are included in this presentation.

Authors: Reanna Martinez Title: Who are the Native Bees of Hells Canyon? Abstract: Three different classifications of bees found at Garden Creek Ranch in Hells Canyon were identified with the help of a local bee expert. Introducing these bee species to the public will provide knowledge about other native bees and increase conservation awareness. Not all bees are communal; many live a solitary life. They thrive in environments with plants that can easily be grown in urban areas, such as lavender, blanket flowers, and native raspberries. With more public knowledge about bees, these creatures will have a greater chance of survival.

Authors: Aaron Osborn & Nancy JohnstonTitle: Comparison of Mercury in Hells Canyon Complex Wild Fish and Store-Bought FishAbstract: Mercury works its way up the food chain causing toxic levels to accumulate. The mercury comes from multiple sources including deposition and runoff. When bacteria react with mercury in water, soil, and plants it forms methylmercury making it more poisonous to human health. According to Oregon’s standards the fish are unsafe to eat in Hells Canyon while Idaho has less stringent standards. The elevated mercury levels in fish may extend 60 miles downstream from the Hells Canyon dams to the Salmon River confluence according to different sources. In this study samples from small mouth bass from the Salmon River confluence and store-bought fish were analyzed for total mercury content.

Authors: Kory A. Parker & Alison M. Carlson Title: The Cultivation and Isolation of Anaerobic Bacteria in Hells Canyon Abstract: The goal of our experiment was the collection and isolation of an anaerobic soil bacterium on selective media in anaerobic chambers. To achieve this, soil was collected from a pond at Garden Creek Ranch in Hells Canyon and cultivated in a Winogradsky column until an anaerobic zone was established. In this zone, we predicted the presence of Rhodospirillum, a facultative anaerobe. Attempted isolation was carried out on Pfennig’s medium and bright field microscopy was used for identification. Rhodospirillum is a one-micron, spiral shaped bacterium which produces green pigments when grown anaerobically and appears Gram negative, pink, when grown aerobically.

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Author: Jena RenfroTitle: Beauty from the Brambles Abstract: This study looks into my personal mental state in relation to the recovery process from anorexia. The project consists of two parts, a poster detailing the process I used in creating my final product, and the final product of the booklet “Beauty from the Brambles.”The booklet is a continuation of my field journal in the Hells Canyon Institute, focusing on how my spirituality and connection with the canyon influenced my healing process, depicted in a textual and mixed media format.

Author: Tori SchumacherTitle: Hells Canyon Institute: The Administration Side of Things Abstract: Hells Canyon Institute forms, invoicing and other documentation were collected and analyzed in order to create business administration resources for the program. Following the Table of Contents for a proposed director’s manual, forms and documentation will be collated in a binder. After analyzing invoices, charges and revenue, a streamlined budget spreadsheet will be generated. The binder and budget will assist the future directors and instructors of the Hells Canyon Institute class.

Author: Benjamin StowellTitle: Sedimentary Analysis and Comparison of the Snake River Basin Sand CompositionsAbstract: This study looks at the sand compositions of different samples taken in the Snake River Basin. A major source of the sandy beaches in the Snake River Basin is the Idaho batholith granites. The Snake River was dammed in 1967. Due to how mechanics of the dam restricts sediment, there should be a big difference between the Snake and undammed Salmon River. This analysis extends the previous study from 2018 that compared dammed and free–flowing river deposits.

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Authors: Abdul Alnounou, Angel Barnett, LC Alum 2018, Owen Blair, Luis Correa, Isaiah Linabary, Benny WelinTitle: The ADA Inspection ProjectAbstract: The City of Lewiston has been working to meet the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements for public spaces. The City’s plan has been to identify non-compliant areas and work to mitigate them. As part of that effort, the City is partnering with LCSC to inspect non-compliance in and around City-owned buildings. An internship group was formed with five science/engineering and engineering tech students and one LC alum. Together the group has been developing and testing methodologies for performing the inspections using GIS technology – specifically Survey 123. This poster shows the highlights of this project, scheduled to be completed by late summer.

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Authors: Mikayla Lane & Taeh BurkeTitle: Strength Training vs. Flexibility Training and Their Effect on the Functional Movement ScreenAbstract: This research was to test which had greater effects on functional movement: strength training or flexibility training. The study was a six-week crossover study with 15 individuals on strength training and flexibility training. Each group did each intervention for three weeks. A pilot and pre-test of the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) was done prior to the intervention. After the training, each individual was post-tested on the FMS, and given a week between each intervention. After the second bout of training, individuals were again post-tested with the FMS. Results will be provided in the presentation. Author: Ariel BencomoTitle: Yikes!: Student-Athletes and Mental HealthAbstract: Mental health concerns are on the rise amongst the college student-athlete population. Increased demands placed on student-athletes to balance academics and athletics places them at increased risk for the negative effects that can result if stress goes unchecked. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify coping strategies student-athletes use to combat daily stressors and to examine student-athlete perceptions of the impact of positive psychology strategies and find out if an intervention is necessary. Student-athletes from a small, public college in the Northwest will be surveyed. Results will be shared at the symposium.MO

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Author: Dawson HardieTitle: Ketogenic DietAbstract: Obesity has become one of the most dominant diseases in history, and today, the leading cause of morbidity. The desperate need for a solution has led to rapid increases in dietary solutions. The problem is these diets are often used as a quick fix to the problem rather than making a long term lifestyle changes. The low carbohydrate diet is the primary diet for weight loss in America. The danger is that it often substitutes weight loss for nutritional density, risking permanent metabolic damage. To combat this trend of we must increase emphasis on nutritional education.

Author: Daniel DavydovTitle: Ideal Sodium to Potassium Ration for Healthy Blood PressureAbstract: The purpose of this research is to review and compile peer reviewed studies which focus on; sodium consumption, potassium consumption, and blood pressure. Over the course of this meta-analysis study, data will be compiled and analyzed to determine any correlations between consuming these two electrolytes and blood pressure. At least 1/3 of US adults are predicted to have hypertension and a high sodium, and low potassium diet has a dose response effect on blood pressure. Through data analysis over a large population sample, the ideal ratio of sodium to potassium consumption for healthy blood pressure (120/80) will be determined.

Authors: Aislynn Robertson, Troy Oliver-Mitton & Darren TrainorTitle: Guided Imagery Through BaseballAbstract: Batting average is one of the key statistics that can dictate a player’s chance of being drafted or “move up in the ranks”. The purpose of this study was to determine if collegiate baseball players’ batting performance improved when participating in guided imagery before their batting sessions. The investigation utilized a crossover research model. The researchers evaluated the ball’s exit velocity off of the bat, and whether the ball was considered “in play” or “foul” or a “miss”. A likert-scale evaluation on their perceived self-efficacy was also assessed. Results are pending and will be shared at student symposium.

Author: Tyson FeiderTitle: Sports Specialization in Youth SportsAbstract: The purpose of this study is to examine if college students at a small, public college in the Northwest who played high school sports are specialized in one sport have experienced the phenomenon of burnout and why that might be.

Author: Jack SchneiderTitle: Youth Development: Youth CentersAbstract: The purpose of this study is to examine if programming at Boys and Girls Clubs in the Northwest encourage youth activity levels at the recommended levels. Boys and Girls Club administrators will be surveyed about current programming practices. Results will be shared at the Senior Research Symposium.

Author: Tyler BurchTitle: Coaching and Player Strategies to Prevent Arm InjuriesAbstract: Arm injuries are a common concern across all competitive levels in the sport of baseball. However, there is no consistent training protocol recommended or utilized by coaching staffs to minimize injury risk. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine strategies coaches use to decrease the rate of arm injury occurrence amongst student-athletes and to identify additional strategies pursued by the student-athletes themselves. Head coaches and student-athletes will be surveyed to examine strategies used and perceived effectiveness of those strategies. Findings will contribute to coach training strategies. Results will be shared at the symposium.

Author: TJ WadleyTitle: Get Your Head in the Game!Abstract: Over time, concussions and neck injuries have been a big issue in contact sports, especially football. Coaches are using numerous strategies to prevent concussions from occurring. They have gone through a wide variety of training sessions in coaching strategies in order to become certified in using these strategies in their coaching practice. There are cases where athletes are focused on the wrong thing and that is just trying to make the big hit without using the fundamentals. Which brings us to the question: What coaching strategies are being used in preventing concussions?

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Author: Katie SchaumTitle: NBA in Seattle: Is it Possible?Abstract: There are currently 30 teams competing in the National Basketball Association (NBA). As the league considers adding additional teams, league leadership will need to identify locations for teams to be placed to facilitate successful growth. The purpose of this case study is to analyze if a NBA team could be successful in the Seattle, WA market. Using Coakley’s (2017) five economic and social conditions that commercial sports need in order to grow and prosper as the framework, journal articles, textbooks, periodicals, databases and additional scholarly sites will be examined to identify if the city of Seattle has the resources to serve as a host city. Results will be shared at the symposium.

Author: Katy HaightTitle: A Case Study of the Jerry Sandusky Scandal at Penn State UniversityAbstract: This case study will examine the Jerry Sandusky sexual abuse scandal. Through analysis of information published in academic journals, video, and news articles, this scandal will be analyzed to identify how sport leaders can use effective leadership strategies and checks and balances to prevent occurrences of such nature. In addition to results of media analysis, leadership strategies important to the effective education of sport leaders will be shared.

Author: Faith KlockeTitle: Why People Buy Tickets: A Survey of Motivational Factors that Influence People’s Decisions Abstract: During the 2016-2017 NBA season, ticket sales accounted for 21.97% of total revenue in the NBA (Statista, 2018). Leagues and teams are continually working to identify an increase in spectator interest and thus increase revenue. The purpose of this study is to determine what factors motivates people to buy tickets and attend sporting events, specifically in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Adult fans of NBA teams who are a part of NBA team Facebook groups will be surveyed regarding their perceptions of factors that have a significant impact on their spending habits and decision making. Results will be shared at the research symposium.

Author: Jake VerlinTitle: Chicago’s Bulls or Michael’s Bulls? Diving In To Who Had More Effect on the BrandAbstract: Forbes has just come out with their top NBA teams in terms of value and the Chicago Bulls are in the top four for the 19th consecutive year even through their recent struggles. The Bulls are third to last in revenue per fan, at $20, but are still worth over a billion dollars. The important question is how are they able to generate that level of consistency in a league that is driven by winning? This paper is geared to explore the Chicago Bulls marketing strategy during their rise to greatness and will focus on how they accomplished those goals with a culture shift in the NBA.

Authors: Nathan Anderson, Karly Lacey, Jolee Aeschliman, Elise Martin, Shane Kinzer, Eric StoffregenTitle: Naturally derived, Blm-dependent Y-chromosome genetic variation affects sex-specific survival in Drosophila melanogasterAbstract: Maternally loaded Blm DNA helicase is essential for proper DNA replication during Drosophilaembryogenesis. Blm mutant females, who fail to provide Blm protein to their eggs, exhibit a maternal-effect lethality. Repetitive DNA sequences, such as those on the Y-chromosome, reduce survival in the absence of Blm. Here we report evidence of Y-linked DNA sequence variation that affects the viability of progeny from Blm-null mothers.

Authors: Drew Anderst, Laurel Nunez, Maribel Carrillo, Kaleigh RanisateTitle: Synthesizing Furomollugin: a wide-Spectrum Antibacterial with Medicinal Properties Abstract: The rapid decline in the effectiveness of some medicinal drugs has necessitated the production of novel pharmaceuticals to combat multidrug resistant pathogens. Furomollugin is a natural product found within the roots of traditional medicinal herbs, such as Rubia cordifolia. Research indicates that furomollugin has a wide-spectrum of antibacterial properties. A four-step synthesis was implemented to produce furomollugin from 1,4-dihydroxy naphthoic acid. The synthetic steps respectively included Fischer esterification , oxidative demethylation, CAN catalyzed formal cycloaddition, and acid catalyzed aromatization.

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Authors: Sera Babino, Rylie Anderson, Judy BoozerTitle: An Efficient Synthesis of Ibuprofen Through Common Name ReactionsAbstract: Over the course of the semester, several organic reactions were used to create an ibuprofen product. Ibuprofen is a common drug used to relieve pain, fever, and inflammation. This drug functions in the arachidonic acid pathway of the body and results in the inhibition of production of prostaglandins, molecules found in the body that can lead to localized pain, fever, and cause inflammation. The synthetic route began with isobutyl benzene which was treated with Friedel-Crafts acylation, chlorine substitution, Grignard reagent, and Fischer esterification. These synthetic steps produced the common drug, Ibuprofen in good yield.

Authors: Elizabeth Braker (Idaho Department of Environmental Quality Drinking Water Analyst), Tina Lovell, Madison Von BargenTitle: Why You Should Be Concerned With Your Annual Water Quality Report- Lewiston Abstract: All residents of community public drinking water systems receive an annual water quality report as required by the Safe Drinking Water Act. The City of Lewiston and LOID make their reports accessible to the customers online. Residents [have the right to know what is in their drinking water] and should be aware of their reports because it details the concentration of detected contaminants regulated by the National Primary Drinking Water Standards such as fluoride, lead, chlorine, and disinfection by-products that were sampled in the previous year. Chronic drinking water contaminants may cause health impacts over long periods of time, while acute drinking water contaminants like fecal bacteria (E. Coli) and nitrate may have immediate public health implications. The Idaho Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) oversees the implementation of health and safety standards on behalf of the federal government’s Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and ensures that drinking water meets the minimum standards to ensure public health is protected.

Authors: Jared Brown, Caleb Kessler, Aaron OsbornMentor: Brett Haverstick Friends of the Clearwater-Education OutreachTitle: Effects of Suction Dredge Mining in the South Fork Clearwater RiverAbstract: Suction dredge mining results in direct mortality to incubating eggs, juvenile fish, and aquatic insects. Suction dredge mining pollutes waterways with sediment and mercury and destroys sensitive habitat for salmonids. Machinery leaks and spills oil and gas in the water creating a toxic environment for all organisms. Suction dredge mining harms water supplies by resuspending sediment, mercury and other toxic heavy metals. These effects can occur well after mining has ceased.

Author: Brandi A. BundyTitle: Petrographic Analysis of Green Knob in Central IdahoAbstract: Green Knob is located in Central Idaho near Juliaetta, Idaho. It is part of the Salmon River Suture Zone trending North-South, bending west near Orofino just south of Green Knob. The area is poorly exposed with much of the assemblage covered by Columbia River Basalt. The assemblage is comprised of: Precambrian quartzite, Cretaceous hornblende-biotite-quartz diorite, biotite tonalite, and a meta-syenite. The age of the syenite is 74 Ma being somewhat metamorphosed however, the area saw major metamorphism and deformation following 86 Ma which is seen in the tonalite and quartz diorite. This suggests deformation was largely complete by 74 Ma becoming more brittle around this time. The fabrics, mineral composition, and textures of the four units were investigated to understand the mechanism of deformation.

Authors: Hannah Burland, Delaney Henery, Jessiny Howard, Sydney WoodMentor: Brett Haverstick- Friends of the Clearwater-Education OutreachTitle: Suction Dredge Mining in the Pacific NorthwestAbstract: Suction dredge mining originates in streambeds and therefore may alter stream hydrology. Altered stream channels, pools and riparian areas can negatively impact fish habitat, including spawning grounds. Our analysis of the differing policies and regulations in Idaho, Washington, Oregon and California to regulate suction dredge mining should increase public awareness, and foster concern within local communities and across neighboring states.

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Break - 4:20-4:40Author: Ethan CraneTitle: The Effects of Phonon Vibrations on Daphnia Magna BehaviorAbstract: Phonons are quasiparticles that produce sound. Currently, sound is used in many medical applications. However, increasing environmental phonon pollution can present potential human health complications. The purpose of this project is to determine if phonon vibrations have any phenotypic effects on the model organism Daphnia magna. This was accomplished using a sealed sound chamber with a speaker that can produce both low bass and beyond brilliance level frequencies. After the subjects have been exposed to the desired frequency for 30 seconds, they are monitored for behavior using motion tracking software to analyze movement patterns.

Authors: Jeffrey DeBoer, Brycen Howard, Delaney Jones, Karl Lundgren, Manwar Sabaeai, Khristopher Six, Fangfei ZhangTitle: Design and Implementation of an inland360.com Mobile ApplicationAbstract: The growth of mobile devices has led up to 70% of web traffic being accessed on a mobile device. Our team designed and implemented a mobile application for Inland 360 that would work in conjunction with inland360.com and be accessible from iOS and Androiddevices. The first section is an event calendar, this allows users to search for local events, add and edit events to the event calendar. The second section called “Share Your Snaps!”, allows users to submit pictures to a community photo album. This project was completed using the Ionic/ Angular framework, HTML, CSS, Java, and Python.

Authors: Tia Drew- (Idaho Department of Environmental Quality IPDES Compliance Coordinator), Gionni Brown, Stephanie Knittel, Christina WingerTitle: The growing viticulture and industrial brewing impact on local wastewater treatment systems Abstract: There has been a rise of wineries and industrial breweries in the Lewis-Clark area and surrounding communities. This growth has been creating more total suspended solids, increased pH levels, and biochemical oxygen demands for the local wastewater treatment systems. This review examines the increasing impact on water treatment facilities as well as ways local businesses and the facilities can combat the rising demand on wastewater systems.

Authors: Rhiana Fox and Harrison Conner (WSU)Title: Increasing Donor Support with the YWCAAbstract: The Lewiston-Clarkston YWCA is a nonprofit organization whose mission is to eliminate racism, empower women, and promote peace, justice, freedom and dignity for all. The YWCA would like to maximize its support from the community in both financial ways and in non-financial ways. We determined a way to increase donor regularity in the community. We used the donation data provided by the YWCA in order to give them a better idea of what activities inspired more regularity in donations. Our analysis provided information to the YWCA that gave them knowledge about which practices will help them increase donor regularity.

Author: Kaitlin GribbleTitle: Effect of Alcohol on Daphnia Magna Survival and Heart RateAbstract: One in eight adults in the United States suffers from alcoholism which can affect a person’s heart, liver, and even lead to cancer. Daphnia provide a useful model organism to test the effects of alcohol on behavior and physiology. Two unique genotypes of Daphnia magna were exposed to varying concentrations of ethanol for 24 hours and their swimming ability was measured. After 24 hours, Daphnia were taken out of ethanol to examine the recovery rate. The dose response curves were used to determine the doses to use for an examination variation in heart rate in response to alcohol.

Authors: Ty Grittner, Matt Vaccaro, Michael Baerlocher, James UptagrafftTitle: Motivate Me: App Design and ImplementationAbstract: With our motivational application, we will create a system that will track and alert the user when tasks they plan to accomplish need to be attended to. Our goal with the user interface is to make it easier to add and remove these tasks allowing the app to adapt to the specific user quickly and efficiently. Alongside that, we are adding a feature that will work with our user base and be able to adjust its notification system as needed, alerting the user more depending on the severity of the task and the user’s own attentiveness and personal ambition.

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Authors: Stephanie Krantz-(Nez Perce Tribe Climate Change Coordinator), William Allen III, GT Blackman, Steven LombardTitle: Why you should be concerned about Climate Change Abstract: Climate Change is already impacting the daily lives of people all over the world, but even the most basic facts about climate change are poorly known. This region will experience dramatic changes in temperature, precipitation, stream flow, and biodiversity over the next century if the world does not act to stop the climate crisis. There are many hopeful solutions to mitigate this problem that could create a better quality of life for all of us, but most people do not understand this problem well enough to make these changes. Environmental education about climate change is a critical part of solving the problem. Here we present basic facts and solutions about climate change focusing on water resources to make it easier to understand the gravity of this problem and the hopeful solutions.

Authors: Begona Andres Martin, Yuka Katsuki, Chelsea Messan, Brandon Potter, and Tomas VenereTitle: Nutribien: Nutrition and Fitness Tracking App Abstract: Our team created Nutribien, which is an app that allows nutritionists to interact with their patients in order to track their nutritional intake as well as physical activity. The app is also intended provide the patients a way to track other variables such as their body measurements and overall experience using scale rating system(1-10). Finally, Nutribien will integrate in-app messaging for direct communication between the nutritionist and their patients. In order to implement this application we used the ionic 4 framework, MongoDb, Nest.Js.

Authors: Nuñez, L. A., Ketcherside, D. T., Scott, P. S., Pittman, D. L., Johnston, N. A. C.Title: Analysis of Atmospheric Benzene and its Derivatives in the Lewis-Clark Valley Abstract: Previous air sampling data from Lewis-Clark State College (LCSC) Air Research group indicated elevated levels of the carcinogenic pollutant benzene in the Lewis-Clark Valley. The current study focused on atmospheric benzene and its derivatives to better understand the source and concentrations of these harmful compounds. Methodology consisted of sampling ambient air using low-flow pumps through sorbent tubes and analysis of these samples through thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS). Results will be reported as ppbv and 𝜇g/m3 and compared to EPA human health standards.

Authors: Hailee McClure, Molly Scoggins, Kylie TidwellMentor: Hailey Shingler Idaho Department of Environmental Quality, Ground and Sourcewater AnalystTitle: Rain Gardens and Stormwater ControlAbstract: Rain gardens are an effective and visually appealing way to manage stormwater. They reduce stormwater pooling and can act as a filter for pollutants carried by stormwater. Four locations have been identified in Lewiston that would benefit from rain gardens. The placement of rain gardens throughout Lewiston could offer an environmentally-friendly, and visually appealing way to mitigate stormwater overflow and combat water quality and quantity issues accentuated by climate change.

Author: Tristan OlsenTitle: Phase State Curves: An Exploration of Clausius Clapeyron and Antoine EquationsAbstract: In an industrial setting having a simple yet precise equation to calculate the conditions for the liquid to gas phase change is important to optimize the energy used in production. The current approximations, obtained from experimental data, seem to use functions that are more complicated than the curve suggests are necessary. In this project, a “best” approximating curve will be obtained using techniques from optimization, chemistry, and data analytics. “Best” will be defined to meet the same criteria that the current models meet while seeking an approximation to the phase curve that better reflects the simplicity seen in the curves.

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Break - 4:40-5:00Authors: Alexander Romero, Ben Williams-Van Zant, John McGarryTitle: Student Resource App By StudentsAbstract: Previously LCSC students created an app to be used by students to better engage them in the campus community. Our team has improved and optimized the LCSC app in order to enhance user experience for efficiency and user experience. In the app students are logged into student planning and have a day by day schedule of their current classes, students are able to view the math and science tutoring schedule, campus news and events are displayed, there is an interactive Google map of the LCSC campus with building appropriately tagged, building hours, and a link to call campus security.

Authors: Abbey Roy, Hailey Hulse, Marissa BallsTitle: Synthetic Route to ModafinilAbstract: Common organic chemistry laboratory techniques were used to synthesize Modafinil, a stimulant used to treat narcolepsy. In a three step synthesis, beginning with chloroacetamide and Na₂S₂O₃●5H₂0, the amide was completely dissolved, to produce sodium carbamoylmethyl sulfate. The salt was then reacted with benzhydrol to produce thioacetamide. Lastly, thioacetamide was cooled in a solution and stirred to create the desired product, Modafinil. Recrystallization and vacuum filtration were routinely used in this route of synthesis. The first two steps were accomplished in adequate yield but the third step required multiple attempts when seeking the desired product.

Authors: Scott, P. S. and Johnston, N. A. C.Title: Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in Tap Water and the Snake/Clearwater Rivers Abstract: Volatile organic compounds from water treatment and local emissions can be harmful to biological systems and can pose a potential health risk at high concentrations. Concentrations of five different volatile organic compounds (chloroform, bromoform, dibromochloro-methane, bromodichloro-methane, and carbon tetrachloride; halogenated methanes) were analyzed in tap water, the Snake River, and the Clearwater river to asses any potential health risk associated with volatile organic compounds. Analysis was conducted using headspace gas chromatography coupled with an electron capture detector. Results will be assessed by comparing sample concentrations to water quality standards.

Authors: Rachel Sila, Tristan Olsen, and Hunter Mitchell (WSU)Title: Hydrologic Event Detection in the Nez Perce-Clearwater AreaAbstract: The Nez-Perce Clearwater National Forest Service is an organization that is tasked with the management of 4 million acres of land in the Nez-Perce Clearwater area. We are using daily discharge data, a volume of water per unit of time, from 13 different sites to create hydrographs. By applying data analytic techniques to precipitation data from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and snow pack data from snow pack telemetry (SNOTEL) we can identify hydrologic events. Possible events include forest fires, floods, and landslides.

Author: Rachel SilaTitle: A Finite Exact Algorithm for Image AnalysisAbstract: New data techniques are being sought for real-time video and image analysis. Recently, Moon created a fast, finite algorithm, the hyperplane traversal (ht) algorithm, for de-noising 1D signals. Here we will present our extension of the existing algorithm to 2D images.

Authors: Jared Simons & Charles Addo-QuayeTitle: Computational detection of false-positive DNA mutations originating from exogenous DNA damageAbstract: Identification of bona fide DNA mutations in a sequenced sample is critical for gene function discovery studies. Current next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have rapidly accelerated the pace of scientific discoveries in molecular biology. In addition to their inherently higher sequencing error-rates, recent evidence shows a novel source for detected false-positive DNA mutations in NGS sequencing data is DNA damage-induced mutations introduced during DNA sample library preparation. To investigate DNA damage-induced variants, we implemented and describe a Python-based computational pipeline and present the preliminary results of the analysis of NGS sequencing data for mutant rice plants containing fast-neutron induced mutation.

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Break - 4:00-4:20Author: Heather R. BlamiresTitle: Putting Paws on Stress: Animal Interaction as a Stress Intervention for Postsecondary StudentsAbstract: A pre-test post-test experiment comparing three stress level reduction techniques was conducted with a convenience sample of LCSC full time students (N = 16). Students were randomly assigned to meditate, watch a video of kittens playing, or interact with a kitten one on one. Measures included the Inventory of College Student’s Recent Life Experiences (Kohn, Lafreniere & Gurevich, 1990), the PANAS (Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988), and questions created for the current study. Results, limitations, implications, and future applications will be discussed.

Author: Derek BlazzardTitle: The Link between Students’ Dialogue with Adult Figures and Goal AchievementAbstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between students’ dialogue with adults and potential for goal achievement. It was hypothesized that goal achievement of students would increase along with greater amounts of dialogue with adults. This study was conducted at Jenifer Junior High School amongst 7th grade students (N = 26). A two part survey was given concerning amount of time spent with various adult figures, the quality of conversations, questions about personal goal setting, and details on a recent goal achievement. Results and implications will be discussed.

Author: Casey BosseTitle: Simulated Dreamscapes: Virtual Reality’s Effect on Pain Levels Over TimeAbstract: This study measured LCSC students’ self-reported pain levels over a period of five weeks. It was predicted that students who were randomly assigned to experience a V.R. simulation of a landscape would report lower levels of pain both immediately and a week after the V.R. sessions’ conclusion when compared with students who were randomly assigned to a control condition. Results, limitations, and future directions will be discussed.

Author: Camilla ForbinTitle: Eating With Your EarsAbstract: Eating behavior is influenced by type of food, background noise, and music (Mamalaki et. el., 2016). The goal of the current study was to explore if different types of music impact if the tongue is able to pick up on sourness, bitterness, and spiciness. To do this, LCSC students were invited to taste a dessert while listening to one of three different types of music and fill out a self-report questionnaire to assess taste. Results and limitations will be discussed.

Author: Ryan G. GreenbergTitle: Waking Up Satisfied: Examining the Relationship between Wake-Up Styles and Relationship SatisfactionAbstract: The current study’s purpose was to determine if there is a relationship between overall relationship satisfaction and waking styles, and if wake up styles can be used as a relationship quality indicator. A random sample of LCSC students (N = 800; final N = 48) received a survey measuring personality (John & Soto, 2015), relationship satisfaction (Hendrik, 1988), attachment style (Griffin & Bartholomew, 1994), empathy (Caruso & Mayor, 1998), and waking styles. Results confirmed a negative correlation between overall relationship satisfaction and aggressive waking styles. Limitations and future research will be discussed.

Author: Madison HillTitle: Instagram and Self-EsteemAbstract: This study focused on the relationships between Instagram usage and self-esteem. A survey sent via e-mail [asked participants] to complete the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) and other questions about their usage and time spent on Instagram. A negative correlation was hypothesized: as time spent on Instagram increased, I expected to see self-esteem scores tend to decrease. Results, limitations, and future implications will be discussed.

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Break - 4:40-5:00Author: Houston (Huey) HoughTitle: Left Out: Does Omitting the Word Inmate Change Perceptions Towards Transitional Housing Facilities?Abstract: The current study evaluated the impact of describing an individual in need of transitional housing using the word inmate or not in LCSC students (N = 63) via an online survey. Contrary to my hypothesis, the results [showed] no difference in attitudes towards transitional housing between the groups shown the inmate vs. control scenario. However, sample size was a major limiting factor. Other limitations, future research and implications will be discussed.

Author: Aimee JohnsonTitle: Does a Calm Mind Defeat the Storm? Mindfulness as a Treatment Option for Migraines Abstract: The current study investigated the effect of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction practices on migraine symptoms. Using a pre-test and post-test experimental design, questionnaires assessing migraine severity were distributed among 800 college students on the LCSC campus. Unfortunately, attrition and sampling limitations led to a small experiment group (N = 3) and control group (N = 4). The experimental group completed the MBSR practices four to seven times a week for four weeks, while the control group had no intervention. While not significant, mean differences suggest that the MBSR practices had positive effects for migraine frequency, duration and severity. These results warrant further investigation. Implications and future research will be discussed.

Author: Stephanie E. Knittel Title: Conscientiously Planning for Change: Personality Change Throughout an InterventionAbstract: An experimental pre-test-post-test study was done to investigate potential personality change, specifically on the conscientiousness trait, via an intervention. The study aimed to acquire a descriptive account of the personality change process over four weeks, paying close attention to personality change mechanisms (Allemend and Flucker, 2017), the role of motivation for change, situational context, self-concept clarity, and the distinction between state change and trait change. Results, limitations, and future research will be discussed.

Author: Deesyda Mejia Title: The Potential Link Between Socioeconomic Status and Personality Abstact: The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between socioeconomic status and personality. LCSC students (N = 64) filled out a survey regarding their personality using the Big Five (Goldberg, 1993), specifically neuroticism and agreeableness (Goldberg, 1992), and their social class (Manasayan, 1981) to see if there was a correlation. Results, limitations, and future research will be discussed.

Author: Heidi SimmonsTitle: Will My Hidden Observer Tell You What I Want, What I Really, Really Want?Abstract: When a bogus pipeline technique called the “Hidden Observer” is used, participants are less hesitant, more detailed, and explicit when disclosing narratives of their sexual fantasies (Burris & Mathes, 2011). Additionally, measuring desire for specific sexual fantasies reveals the presence of Object of Desire Self-Consciousness (ODSC; Bogaert, Visser, & Pozebon, 2015), which is the awareness of or the conscious perception that one is desired, and is critical for some to elucidate their sexual desire (Bogaert & Brotto, 2014). The current study is an attempt to replicate previous research investigating if the Hidden Observer manipulation elucidates a higher presence of ODSC in disclosures of sexual fantasies, but used an online format. Results and implications will be discussed.

Author: Jenny Zamora Title: Bringing Awareness to Bias? Using the Implicit Association Test as an Intervention Abstract: This study’s purpose was to examine the potential impact of content highlighting bias [the racial implicit association test (IAT) vs. an article on racial bias,] on awareness of racial bias and perceptions of bias in oneself and others. Undergraduate students from LCSC participated in a pre-test, post-test experiment using self-report dependent measures in the research lab. The results, limitations and implications and future research will be discussed.

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AAddo-Quaye, Charles 35Adkins, Brittany Nicole 16Aeschliman, Jolee 20, 31Allen III, William 34Alnounou, Abdul 29Anderson, Angela 12Anderson, Michael 17Anderson, Nathan 31Anderson, Rylie 302Anderst, Drew 31Andres Martin, Begona 34Austin, Mikayla 26

BBabino, Sera 32Badertscher, Katie 6, 8Badertscher, Kylie 6, 8Baerlocher, Michael 33Baker, Dontae 10Balls, Marissa 35Barnett, Angel 29Baron, AJ 26Baron, Andrew John D. 18Bart, Jeff 18Bencomo, Ariel 19, 29Bezzerides, Julie 26Blackman, GT 34Blair, Owen 29Blamires, Casey 27Blamires, Heather R. 36Blazzard, Derek 36Boettger, Erika 6, 9Bolterstein, Elyse 26Boozer, Judy 32Bosse, Casey 36Boxer, Olivia 6, 8Braker, Elizabeth 320Bricker, Samantha 10Britzman, Kylee 26Brooks, Kevin 6, 8Brown, Gionni 33Brown, Izzy 11Brown, Jared 32Bundy, Brandi A. 32Burch, Tyler 19, 30Burgess, Nicole 16Burke, Taeh 13, 29Burland, Hannah 32Busak, Ben 7, 9

CCampbell, Natalie 11

Canfield, Amy 26Carlson, Alison M. 28Carrillo, Maribel 31Chase, Brooke 27Chastain, Darrell 10Childers, Rachael 16Chin, Lingchao 10Conner, Harrison 33Cook, Katrina 18Corneloup, Guilaume 12Correa, Luis 29Coulombe, William 27Cowdrey, Douglas 24Cozza, Charlena 12Crane, Ethan 33Culp, Kaden 13

Dd’Aboville, Alex 12Daly-Galeano, Marlowe 26Davis, Haley 10Davydov, Daniel 13, 30Day, Daisy 22DeBoer, Jeffrey 33Decker, Allie 7, 9Degelman, Kira 12De Stephens, Michael 12Dollarhide, Cory J. 25Donohue, Patrick 10Doty, Emily 6, 9Drew, Tia 33Dygert, Julie 10

EEl-Mansouri, Mariam 7, 9Evarts, Matt 11

FFeider, Tyson 19, 30Forbin, Camilla 36Fox, Rhiana 21, 33Franta, Angela 17Frosco, Ryan 17

GGentry, Sheldon 27Gerthung, Ben 28Gibson, Casey J. 28Glaser, Kayla 27Glasser, Cassy 7, 9Goeckner, Taj 11Gonzalez, Samantha 7, 9Goodson, Lacy 20Graham, Sarah 26

Greenberg, Ryan G. 36Greene, Nerissa (Tig) 21Gregg, Rachel 16Gregg Sadie 12Gribbin, Jacob 12Gribble, Kaitlin 33Grimm, B.K. 21Grimoldby, Sophie 11Grittner, Ty 33Grove, Rayanna 27Grow, Jacob 11Grow, John 11Gunter, Makayla 7, 9

HHaight, Katy 20, 31Hall, Jackson 11Handel, Jonathan 8Hardie, Dawson 13, 30Harris, Renee 26Hart, Dylan 11Hedrick, Pam 10Henery, Delaney 32Henson-Ramsey, Heather 27Herring, Natalie 8Heuchert, Alexis 13Higgins, Aria 6, 9Hildreth, Shania 13Hill, Madison 36Hoerner, Cody 11Hoisington, Aaramie 6, 9Holmes, Casey 6, 9Hough, Houston (Huey) 37Howard, Brycen 33Howard, Jessiny 32Howland-Clark, Macey 7, 9Hudson, Jaired 7, 9Hughes, Heidi 19Hulse, Hailey 35Hurley, Jessica 7, 9Hyde, Taylor 10

IIshida, Mei 10

JJackson, Rose 14Jacobson, Taniesha 6, 8Jameton, Rachel 26, 27Johnson, Aimee 37Johnson, Bekah 15Johnson, Danae 22Johnson, Maggy 7, 9

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Johnson, Nicole 6, 8Johnston, N.A.C 21, 34, 35Johnston, Nancy 26Jones, Delaney 33Juarez, Alondra 17

KKammers, Courtney 22Kassa, Mitchel 11Katsuki, Yuka 26, 34Kaufman, Makayla 7, 9Kennedy, Mike 12Keogh, Cecilia 6, 8Kessler, Caleb 32Ketcherside, Damien 26, 27Ketcherside, D. T. 21, 34Ketcherside, Emily 14Kinzer, Shane 31Kinzer, Shane J.D. 20Klocke, Faith 7, 31Knittel, Stephanie 33Knittel, Stephanie E. 37Kohl, Kathryn 26Kolstad, Debbie 26Krantz, Stephanie 34Krueger-Ashton, Sydney 12Krueger, Craig 10

LLacey, Karly 31Lambert, Jesse 12Lampkin, Thomas 25Lane, Mikayla 13, 29Lanning, Owen 23Larsen, Hannah 6, 9Lawson, Aisha 16Leas, Audrey 12Li, J. 21Linabary, Isaiah 29Lin, Yu Chun 28Litalien, Brandon 12Loe, Megan 17Logan, Althea 28Lombard, Steven 34Long, Samuel 26Lovell, Tina 32Lundgren, Karl 33Lycan, Brittany 12Lynch, Kaitlyn 11

MMacHado Prieto de Oliveir, Isadora 24Malm, Taylor 11Manangquil, M. A. 21Manwiller, Hannah 23

Marcrof, Jordyn 23Marker, Lizzie 6, 8Marshall, Taylor 21Martens, Anna 23Martin, Denver 11Martin, Elise 31Martinez, Reanna 28Martin, Jenna 6, 9Martin, Liz 27Martin, Race 13Matt Silvers 3, 9McClure, Hailee 34McCowan, Andre 25McDonald, Robert 10McGarry, John 35McHone, Suzanne 22Mejia, Deesyda 37Merrifield, Aaron 12Merrifield, Jason 12Messan, Chelsea 34Miley, Regan 14Mitchell, Hannah 24Mitchell, Hunter 35Montgomery, Randi 22Moon, Heather A. 26Moore, Charlotte 12Mort, Hannah 6, 9

NNajeeb-Brush, Andrew 25Naumann, Rebecca 6, 9Newell, Sammy 11Nordstrom, Jaelyn 10Nunez, L. A. 21Nuñez, L. A. 34Nunez, Laurel 31

OOfferdahl, Gary 23Oliver-Mitton, Troy 7, 30Olsen, Tristan 34, 35Orr, Colton 18Osborn, Aaron 28, 32Oster, Kaylin 10

PParker, Kory A. 28Patton, Montana 6, 9Payton, Spencer 26Peng, Dengrong 12Pennington, Brandey 11Peters, Jordan 12Peters, Justin 12Peterson, Nina 27Phipps, Elijah 18

Pittman, D. L. 21, 34Pluid, Emma 12Porubek, Jordan 7, 9Potter, Brandon 34

RRae, Mariah 11Ramey, JB 7, 9Ramsey, Erin 25Ranisate, Kaleigh 31Raver, Whitney 20Reagan, Darci 17Renfro, Jena 29Rinard, Jeannie 11Roberts, Maddi 11Robertson, Aislynn 7, 30Robles, Victor 10Rodriguez, Wetalu 15Rolfson, Laura 12Romero, Alexander 35Roth, Ryan 12Roubidoux, Lars 22Roux, Jen 24Roy, Abbey 35

SSabaeai, Manwar 33Saunders, Pauline 12Schaum, Katie 19, 31Schlader, Emily 12Schneider, Jack 30Schneider, Taeh 13Schumacher, Jeff 7Schumacher, Madison 12Schumacher, Tori 7, 29Schwartz, Tanner 13Scoggins, Molly 34Scott, P. S. 21, 34, 35Selmer, Morgan 6, 8Shaw, Madi 24Sila, Rachel 35Silva, Jose 12Simmons, Heidi 37Simons, Jared 35Simpson, Tanner 25Six, Khristopher 33Skinner, Kylie 11Smolkowski, Mollie 16Smotherman, Rachel 6, 9Sonnen, Whitney 6, 9Soule, Tina 12Spielman, Mason 12Spooner, Nicholas 16Stedman, Vanessa 12Stodick, Katie 7, 9

INDE

X

40

Stoffregen, Eric 26, 31Stowell, Benjamin 29Stromberg, Brooke 6, 9Sullivan, Gwen 27Summerlin, Chelsea 12Swanson, Christina 26

TTerhaar, Colleen 24Thompson, Mikailah 25Tidwell, Kylie 34Tipple, Skyler 10Trainor, Darren 7, 30Trantum, Amber 6, 9

UUhlenkott, Rachel 6, 9Uhlorn, R.P. 21Uptagrafft, James 33Utt-Boss, Kelcey 12

VVaccaro, Matt 33Valladarez, Savannah 12VanDenBerg, Connor 11Van Lanen, Amanda 27Van Vogt, Will 10Venere, Tomas 34

Verlin, Jake 14, 31Von Bargen, Madison 30

WWadley, TJ 8, 30Waleczak, Kassandra 12Warner, Cody 8Wartel, Angela 26Weakland, Payton 6, 8Weber, Karli 12Weeks, Sam 10Weiss, Kelsey 6, 8Welin, Benny 29West, Lauren 11White, Derrick 13Williams-Van Zant, Ben 35Wilponen, Heidi 17Wilson, Jerry 11Wilson, Lynzee 6, 8Winger, Christina 33Winstead, Ellie 6, 8Wiscombe, Madesta 6, 8Wood, Sydney 32Woody, Samantha 12Wuethrich, Justin 10

YYoung, Danielle 15

ZZamora, Jenny 37Zhang, Fangfei 33Zhao, Jie 10Ziegler, Camper 17

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