http://www.vantex-t.com

Liquid/Gas and Liquid/Liquid interfacial tension measurements demonstrate that Vantex®-T has a unique ability to provide for low interfacial tensions between immiscible phases.

Why is Colloid Stability Important?

for additional information, visit us at vantex-t.com

Vantex®-T is the BEST zero-VOC alkanolamine available

COllOid STaBiliTy

• Better pigment dispersion • Better emulsion stability • Better syneresis control • Less pigment settling • Easier pigment wetting • Less foam

Some asymptotic aqueous/air surface tensions (maximum bubble pressure method) are given in the Table below. Calculated HLB values (hydrophilic weight % / 5) for the amines are shown in the final row.

The lower air/liquid surface tensions exhibited by aqueous solutions of Vantex®-Tlead to better surface wetting of pigment particles in paints and paint pigment grinds.

Some liquid/liquid interfacial tensions are summarized in the bar chart below.

The lower liquid/liquid interfacial tensions exhibited by aqueous solutions of Vantex®-T lead to more stable emulsions, better syneresis control, less settling and better overall paint performance.

AMP = 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol. MAE = Methylaminoethanol. DGA = diglycolamine. MEA = monoethanolamine, TEA = triethanolamine

Zero-VoC Satin interiorLatex Paint with 100%

aCryLiC reSin that PaSSeS>3 FreeZe/thaw CyCLeS

for additional information, visit us at vantex-t.com

Vantex®-T is the BEST zero-VOC alkanolamine available

ExCEllEnT STarTing pOinTfOrmulaS

PVC 24.6%VS 34.5%CalCulated VOC 0%

lbs./100 galsWater 100.0Natrosol Plus 330 1.0

MixVantex-T 6.0Tamol 731A 5.0Drewplus L493 2.5Carbowet DC 01 2.0Proxel DB-20 3.0TiPure R-706 250.0Minex 10 125.0Attagel 50 3.0

GrindWater 58.3Optive 130 525.0Drewplus L-493 3.0Acrysol RM 2020NPR 17.4Acrysol RM 8W 1.5Rhodoline FT-100 7.5Water 4.0

tOtal 1114.2

Initial Viscosity, KU 102Freeze/thaw, 3 CyclesFinal Viscosity, KU 108

Contrast Ratio, 3 Mils 0.981Reflectance 93.1Gloss 20 Degrees XGloss 60 Degrees 19.7Sheen 85 Degrees 26.8

Block Resistance, 1 WkRT 9120F 7

ZeRO-VOC FLAT INTeRIOR LATeX PAINT WITh VAe ReSIN ThAT PASSeS >3 FReeZe/ThAW CyCLeS:

t#21 FORMulatiOn Flat enamel

PVC 47.5% VS 38.8% CalCulated VOC 0%

t#21 t#21 t#21a B C

lbs/100 gals lbs./100 gals lbs.100 galsWater 275.5 275.5 275.5Natrosol Plus 330 2.5 2.5 2.5MixVantex-T 6.0 6.0 6.0Acticide BW 20 1.1 1.1 1.1FoamStar A-38 1.5 1.5 1.5Tamol 1124 7.0 7.0 7.0Carbowet DC 01 2.0 2.0 2.0Tronox CR 826 235.0 235.0 235.0#10 White 35.0 35.0 35.0Minex 4 35.0 35.0 35.0Optiwhite MX 150.0 150.0 150.0GrindWater 40.2 40.2 40.2ecoVAe 350.0 350.0 350.0Polyphobe TR 116 9.0 9.0 9.0FoamStar 1.5 1.5 1.5Water 9.5 7.5 2.0Carbowet DC 01 2.0Rhodoline FT-100 7.5tOtal 1160.8 1160.8 1160.8

Selected AdditivesNatrosol Plus 330: NATROSOL® PLUS CS, Grade 330, hMheC is an associative cellulosic thickener designed to provide thickening and viscosity stability in both aqueous and surfactant systems. Product of Aqualon, a Division of hercules Incorporated.

Tamol 731A & Tamol 1124: Polymeric pigment dispersants. Rohm & haas (Dow).

Drewplus L-493: Defoamer supplied by Ashland.

Proxel DB-20 & Acticide BW 20: BIT based biocides.

TiPure R-706 & Tronox CR 826: TiO2 pigment.

# 10 White: Filler Pigment – calcium carbonate

Minex 10 & Minex 4: Nepheline Syenite; a naturally occurring, silica deficient, sodium-potassium alumina silicate. (Unimin Corporation)

Attagel 50: Colloidal clay rheology modifier supplied by BASF.

Optive 130: 100% acrylic resin by BASF.

Acrysol RM 2020 NPR & Acrysol RM 8W: heUR thickener supplied by Rohm & haas (Dow).

Rhodoline FT-100: APe free zero-VOC additive used to improve freeze thaw performance. Supplied by Rhodia.FoamStar A-38: Defoamer supplied by Cognis.

Carbowet DC01: APeO free nonionic surfactant supplied by APCI (Air products).

Optiwhite MX: Thermo-Optic Aluminum Silicate supplied by Burgess Pigment Company.

ecoVAe: VAe resin supplied by Celanese Corporation.

Polyphobe TR 116: Thickener supplied by Union Carbide (UCAR Polyphobe 116).

for additional information, visit us at vantex-t.com

Vantex®-T is the BEST zero-VOC alkanolamine available

SynErESiS COnTrOl

AMP-95 Vantex-T AmmoniaWater 208.6 208.6 208.6Natrosol Plus 330 1.5 1.5 1.5Amines 12.0NUOSEPT 25 1.5 1.5 1.5Tamol 731 12.0 12.0 12.0Carbowet DC 01 2.0 2.0 2.0Drewplus T4507 2.0 2.0 2.0Ti-Pure R-706 230.0 230.0 230.0Atomite 30.0 30.0 30.0Attagel 50 5.0 5.0 5.0

Grind

Airflex EF-833 (55.0%) 453.9 453.9 453.9TexanolRM 2020NPR 15.0 15.0 15.0RM 825 7.0 7.0 7.0Drewplus T4507 2.0 2.0 2.0Water 80.4 80.4 80.4

TOTAL 1062.9 1062.9 1062.9

Syneresis Control is a function of Colloid Stability.

Consider the three paint formulas given in the Table below. A 12 pound per 100 gallon quantity of a different amine is used in each case. The syneresis control of the resulting paints is markedly different (see back).

Vantex®-T is a low-odor zero-VOC amine additive by both European and American standards, exceeding ISO 11890-2 in the EU and EPA Method 24.

WhAT iS A VOC?• Depends on the definition• More of a legal issue than it is scientific• New definitions based on nominal boiling point at atmospheric pressure under development• A normal BP>280° C being discussed

The normal boiling point of Vantex®-T (>285° C) can be determined via a number of standard thermal methods. A determination based on differential thermal analysis (DTA) is illustrated below:

The lower liquid/liquid interfacial tensions exhibited by aqueous solutions of Vantex®-T lead to better pigment dispersion, emulsion stability and syneresis control in paints. This example shows the syneresis control after one week of three paints made up with different amines with markedly different interfacial tension modification properties. Vantex®-T, with its ability to significantly reduce oil/water interfacial tension, provides for the best syneresis control.

AMP = 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol.MAE = Methylaminoethanol.DGA = diglycolamine.MEA = monoethanolamine, TEA = triethanolamine

Some liquid/liquid interfacial tensions are summarized in the bar chart below.

AMP-95HlB = 13

Vantex-THlB = 12 Ammonia HlB = 20

Vantex®-T is a low-odor zero-VOC amine additive by both European and American standards, exceeding ISO 11890-2 in the EU and EPA Method 24.

What is a VOC?• Dependsonthedefinition• Moreofalegalissuethanitisscientific• Newdefinitionsbasedonnominalboilingpointatatmosphericpressureunderdevelopment

The normal boiling point of Vantex®-T (>285° C) can be determined via a number of standard thermal methods. A determination based on differential thermal analysis (DTA) is illustrated below:

for additional information, visit us at vantex-t.com

Vantex®-T is the BEST zero-VOC alkanolamine available

ZERO VOC

Vantex®-T is not a VOC based on EPA Method 24:

VOC DETErMInATIOn Of WATErbOUrnE COATIngS

Weevaluatedtwelve(12)waterbournecoatingsfortheirvolatileorganiccontentusingMethod24.Specifically,the coatings were determined gravimetrically via ASTM D 2369 by heating at 110° C for 1 hour while the water content was determined via Karl-fisher titration via ASTM D 4017. The rest results are reported below:

Sample Solids % Volatiles % Water % VOC (g/L)T20A 53.27 46.73 44.73 26.28T20B 52.99 47.01 45.15 24.50T20C 52.99 47.01 46.61 5.26T20D 53.32 46.68 46.43 3.28T20E 53.38 46.62 45.84 10.21T20F 53.29 46.71 46.51 2.67T21A 57.34 42.66 41.33 28.15T21B 57.02 42.98 43.51 -7.43T21C 57.47 42.53 43.49 -13.28T21D 57.50 42.50 43.95 -20.13T21E 57.48 42.52 43.99 -20.00T21F 57.78 42.22 43.91 -23.27

taBLE 1 VOC REsULts

t#21 FORMULatiONFlat Enamel

t#20 FORMULatiONsemi Gloss

T#21 T#21 T#21 T#21 T#21 T#21A B C D E F

lbs./100 gals. lbs./100 gals. lbs./100 gals. lbs./100 gals. lbs./100 gals lbs./100 galsWater 275.5 275.5 275.5. 275.5 275.5 275.5natrosol Plus 330

2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5

MixVantex – T 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0Acticide bW 20

1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1

foamStar A-38 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5Tamol 1124 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0Carbowet DC 01

2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

Tronox Cr 826

235.0 235.0 235.0 235.0 235.0 235.0

#10 White 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0Minex 4 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0Optiwhite MX 150.0 150.0 150.0 150.0 150.0 150.0GrindWater 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.7EcoVAE 350.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 350.0 350.0Polyphobe Tr 116

9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0

foamStar 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5Water 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0tOtaL 1160.8 1160.8 1160.8 1160.8 1160.8 1160.8

PVC – 47.5%VS – 38.8%

T#20 T#20 T#20 T#20 T#20 T#20A B C D E F

lbs/100 gals lbs/100 gals lbs/100 gals lbs/100 gals lbs/100 gals lbs/100 galsWater 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0natrosol Plus 330 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5MixVantex-T 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0Tamol731A 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0Drewplus L493 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5Carbowet DC 01 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0Proxel Db-20 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0TiPure r-706 250.0 250.0 250.0 250.0 250.0 250.0Minex 10 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0Attagel 50 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0GrindWater 88.3 88.3 88.3 88.3 88.3 88.3Optive 130 525.0 525.0 525.0 525.0 525.0 525.0Drewplus L-493 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0Acrysol rM 2020nPr

26.1 26.1 26.1 26.1 26.1 26.1

Acrysol rM8W 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0rhodoline fT-100 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5Water 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0tOtaL 1067.9 1067.9 1067.9 1067.9 1067.9 1067.9

PVC - 24.6%VS - 34.5%

The addition of Vantex®-Ttolatexpaints,asexemplifiedbytheformulas above, does not contribute to VOC content.

http://www.taminco.com