peace corps learning local environmental knowledge m007

8/6/2019 Peace Corps LEARNING LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL KNOWLEDGE M007

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AKIXNCNF AMEIAKN_CXMNGKNRIA

JNMVAKBFK

Cnomrgitcmn Emaaketcmn inb Kxe`infk\uhaceitcmn Nm. G<<69

I _MA[NRKKX–U F[CBKRM EMGG[NCRS KNRXS



Cnomrgitcmn Emaaketcmn inb Kxeìnfk

R`k \kiek Emrps Cnomrgitcmn Emaaketcmn inb Kxeìnfk (CEK#! i

unct mo t`k Moocek mo Mvkrskis \rmfriggcnf inb Rricncnf Uuppmrt

(M\IRU#! gijks ivicaihak t`k stritkfcks inb tke`nmamfcks bkvkampkb

hy \kiek Emrps _mauntkkrs! t`kcr em'wmrjkrs! inb t`kcr emuntkrpirts

tm bkvkampgknt mrfinczitcmns inb wmrjkrs w`m gcf`t ocnb t`kg

uskoua. CEK wmrjs wct` \kiek Emrps tke`nceia inb tricncnf spkeciacsts

tm cbkntcoy inb bkvkamp cnomrgitcmn mo iaa jcnbs tm suppmrt _mauntkkrs

inb mvkrskis stioo. CEK iasm emaakets inb bcsskgcnitks tricncnf

fucbks! eurrceuai! akssmn pains! prmdket rkpmrts! ginuias! inb mt`kr

\kiek Emrps'fknkritkb gitkrcias bkvkampkb cn t`k ockab. Umgkgitkrcias irk rkprcntkb ‑is cs‗: mt`krs prmvcbk i smurek mo ockab'

hiskb cnomrgitcmn omr t`k prmbuetcmn mo ginuias mr omr rkskire` cn

pirtceuair prmfrig irkis. Gitkrcias tìt ymu suhgct tm CEK hkemgk

pirt mo t`k \kiek Emrps– airfkr emntrchutcmn tm bkvkampgknt.

R`cs puhaceitcmn wis prmbuekb hy \kiek Emrps M\IRU. Ct cs

bcstrchutkb t`rmuf` t`k CEK unct. Omr ourt`kr cnomrgitcmn ihmut CEK

gitkrcias (pkrcmbceias! hmmjs! vcbkms! kte.# inb cnomrgitcmn skrvceks!

mr omr ibbctcmnia empcks mo t`cs ginuia! pakisk emntiet CEK inb rkokr

tm t`k CEK eitiamf nughkr tìt ippkirs mn t`k puhaceitcmn.

\kiek Emrps

Moek mo Mvkrskis \rmfriggcnf inb Rricncnf Uuppmrt

Cnomrgitcmn Emaaketcmn inb Kxeìnfk

9999 8<t` Utrkkt! NV! Ucxt` Oammr Vis`cnftmn! BE 8<;8?

Rka4 8<8.?38.8?2< • Oix4 8<8.?38.8?29

Ihrcbfkb Bkwky Bkecgia Eaisscoceitcmn (BBE# Nughkr4 555.68

Uìrk ymur kxpkrcknek)

Ibb ymur kxpkrcknek tm t`k CEK Xksmurek Ekntkr. Uknb ymur gitkrcias tmus sm wk ein sìrk t`kg wct` mt`kr bkvkampgknt wmrjkrs. Smur tke`nceia

cnscf`ts skrvk is t`k hiscs omr t`k fknkritcmn mo CEK gitkrcias! rkprcnts!

inb tricncnf gitkrcias. R`ky iasm knsurk tìt CEK cs prmvcbcnf t`k gmst

up'tm'bitk cnnmvitcvk prmhakg'smavcnf tke`ncquks inb cnomrgitcmn

ivicaihak tm ymu inb ymur okaamw bkvkampgknt wmrjkrs.



\e Ep

Akirncnf AmEiAknvcrmngkntiA

JnmwAkbfk

i vmAuntkkr–s fucbktm Emgguncty kntry

\kiEk Emr\ssk\tkghkr 8<<8

c Eaae ke\ae n. g<<6

Xkprcntkb ]]]]]]]]]]]]



8 A Aea ka Ja



\e Ep

tihAk moEmntknts

iEJnmwAkbfgknts ................................................. 2

cntrmbuEtcmn ............................................................. ;

hcm\`yscEiA knvcrmngknt ................................. 3

Emgguncty Viajs ........................................................ 9<

Ujkte`ks ....................................................................... 95

Emgguncty Gkntmrs .................................................... 96

Rribctcmnia Rke`nceia Jnmwakbfk ................................. 8<

Rcgk tm Xkket ............................................................. 85

kEmnmgcE knvcrmngknt .................................... 8;Emnvkrsitcmns Vct` Emgguncty Gkntmrs .................... 8?

Girjkt Uurvky .............................................................. 80

Emgguncty Xksmurek Oamw .......................................... 58

Rcgkacnk inb Rrknbs ..................................................... 5?

Rcgk tm Xkket ............................................................. 28

smEciA knvcrmngknt ............................................ 2;Emgguncty E`infk ..................................................... 2?

Rrinsket ........................................................................ 20

Rribctcmnia Rke`nceia Jnmwakbfk ................................. ;8

_cscmn Utitkgknts ......................................................... ;2

Rcgk tm Xkket ............................................................. ;?

i\\knbcx i ― Ietcvctcks mr Ourt`kr Akirncnf ............ ?9

i\\knbcx h ― Fknbkr Iniayscs ................................... ?5

i\\knbcx E ― Ibbctcmnia Xkibcnf ............................... ?;



A Aea ka Ja

iEJnmwAkbfgknts

Akirncnf Ameia Knvcrmngkntia Jnmwakbfk wis prmbuekb cn

rkemfnctcmn m t`k ermss'euaturia eìaaknfks iekb hy _mauntkkrs

burcnf t`kcr orst t`rkk gmnt`s m skrvcek. _mauntkkrs inb issmec'

itk \kiek Emrps bcrketmrs cbkntcokb t`k nkkb mr ska'bcrketkb

akirncnf ietcvctcks tm isscst inb ieekakritk t`k prmekss m emg'

guncty kntry. R`cs fucbk rkspmnbs tm tìt nkkb.

R`k \kiek Emrps prmmunbay ipprkecitks t`k rkvckws m t`cs

puhaceitcmn inb t`k suffkstcmns gibk hy ùnbrkbs m \kiek

Emrps sti inb _mauntkkrs wmrabwcbk burcnf i twm'ykir bkscfn

inb bkvkampgknt pìsk. Gmrk tìn 6<< brit empcks m t`cs

fucbk wkrk rkqukstkb hy okab sti cn Ircei! Ekntria inb Umut`

Igkrcei! t`k Eirchhkin! t`k \iecoe! Isci! Kistkrn Kurmpk!

inb t`k Gkbctkrrinkin mr usk inb tkstcnf cn \rk'UkrvcekRricncnf. R`k pmsctcvk kkbhiej tm t`k brit bmeugknts burcnf

tìt pkrcmb prmvcbkb t`k cnspcritcmn tm puhacs` inb bcsskgcnitk

t`cs fucbk.



\e Ep

cntrmbuEtcmn

Giny emggunctcks w`krk _mauntkkrs acjk ymu acvk inb wmrj

irk ruria inb ifrceuaturia. Nmt surprcscnfay! pkmpak cn t`ksk

emggunctcks irk usuiaay iwirk m t`k acnj hktwkkn t`kcr ameia

knvcrmngknt inb t`kcr mwn wkaa'hkcnf. R`kcr knvcrmngkntia

prietceks! pkrekptcmns! hkacks! jnmwakbfk! inb viauks mtkn

rkket t`cs acnj. Emnskqukntay! t`kcr unbkrstinbcnf m nkw cbkis

ihmut bkvkampgknt wcaa bkpknb mn ̀ mw t`msk emnekpts ‑ot‗ wct`

wìt t`ky iarkiby hkackvk inb prietcek. Hkeiusk sm giny ruria

emggunctcks rkay mn ameia nituria rksmureks mr t`kcr acvkac`mmb!

_mauntkkrs acjk ymu ein usk t`k ameia knvcrmngknt is i pmcnt m

bkpirturk mr akirncnf ihmut ymur emgguncty. Emggunctcks tìt

irk urhin inb emggkrecia cn eìrietkr ein hk bcsemvkrkb cn i

scgcair wiy! iat`muf` t`k knvcrmngkntia pkrekptcmns m ruria

inb urhin bwkaakrs wcaa nituriaay bckr.

R`k purpmsk m t`cs fucbk! t`krkmrk! cs tm prmvcbk ymu wct` i

scgpak wiy tm akirn ihmut t`k hcmp`ysceia! kemnmgce! inb smecia

ispkets m ymur ̀ mst emgguncty burcnf ymur orst skvkria gmnt`s

m skrvcek. R`k gkt`mb wcaa ̀ kap ymu kxpamrk inb bcsemvkr ̀ mw

emgguncty gkghkrs pkrekcvk inb rkaitk tm t`kcr ameia nituria

rksmurek hisk. Is ymu akirn ihmut ymur `mst emgguncty–s rk'

aitcmns`cp wct` t`k ameia knvcrmngknt! ymu wcaa onb ymurska

cnerkiscnfay ‑emgguncty'actkritk‗ ihmut ameia prietceks inb

acvkac`mmb stritkfcks. Cn mt`kr wmrbs! ymu wcaa hkemgk i gmrk

viauihak emgguncty isskt mr bkvkampgknt.



A Aea ka Ja

uscnf t`cs fucbk

R`k akirncnf ietcvctcks suffkstkb cn t`cs fucbk rkay mn mur tmmas4

Ee hktwkkn ymu inb t`k gkghkrs m ymur

emgguncty! mt`kr _mauntkkrs! ymur issmecitk \kiek Emrps

bcrketmr (I\EB#! \kiek Emrps sti! inb ̀ mst emuntry ifknecks

inb cnbcvcbuias. R`krk irk iny nughkr m ‑pkmpak rksmureks‗

ivicaihak tm ymu. Kie` pkrsmn wcaa ìvk uncquk inb viauihak

pkrspketcvks tm mkr. Mtkn! kspkeciaay cn ymur orst gmnt` mr

sm m skrvcek! ymu scgpay nkkb tm hk i fmmb acstknkr tm emg'

gunceitk inb akirn. Inb is ymur ainfuifk sjcaas cgprmvk! smwcaa ymur unbkrstinbcnf m emgguncty ack.

m m pkmpak inb wmrj ietcvctcks cn t`k emgguncty.

Smu irk acjkay tm onb ymurska rkaycnf ̀ kivcay mn mhskrvitcmn tm

akirn ihmut ymur emgguncty burcnf t`k orst kw gmnt`s m skr'

vcek. Emnscstknt usk m ymur mhskrvitcmn sjcaas wcaa rknkw ymur

eurcmscty rmg biy tm biy! inb tìt wcaa uka ymur akirncnf.

ie! i pmwkrua akirncnf tmma. Giny pkmpak onb tìt gmvk'

gknt inb p`ysceia kxkrecsk knìnek t`kcr akirncnf. Vmrjcnf

iamnfscbk pkmpak cn t`kcr okabs! s`mps! inb ̀ mgks wcaa ̀ kap ymu

mrfk rkaitcmns`cps inb hkemgk i igcacir emgguncty ofurk.

R`cs wcaa gijk pkmpak gmrk emgmrtihak tm hk irmunb ymu inb

wcaa knemurifk t`kg tm sìrk t`kcr jnmwakbfk wct` ymu.

rae mn wìt ymu skk! `kir! kka! inb sgkaa! tm `kap

ymu unbkrstinb gmrk uaay ymur ̀ mst emgguncty! cts isskts! inb

cts nkkbs. R`krk irk is giny wiys tm rkket mn in kxpkrcknek

is t`krk irk _mauntkkrs. Smu ein wrctk ihmut ymur kxpkrckneks!

is giny _mauntkkrs bm. Smu gcf`t iasm acjk tm kxprkss ymur

akirncnf cn mt`kr wiys. Giny _mauntkkrs tijk p`mtmfrip`s!

gijk sjkte`ks! mr wrctk smnfs mr pmktry. Umgk rkemrb smunbsinb vmceks mn tipk. Vìtkvkr gkt`mb ymu e`mmsk! t`cnjcnf cn

i meuskb wiy ihmut ymur biy'tm'biy kxpkrckneks wcaa guatcpay

ymur akirncnf inb knìnek ymur emggunceitcmn sjcaas.



\e Ep 6

\mcnts tm rkgkghkr

R`k gmst cgpmrtint t`cnf tm rkgkghkr ihmut t`cs fucbk cs tm

usk ct cn wiys tìt hkst suct ymu inb ymur emgguncty. Ibiptt`k suffkstkb ietcvctcks tm ymur ecreugstineks inb pkrsmniacty.

It t`k knb m kie` ietcvcty t`krk irk ‑Xkketcmn Yukstcmns‗ tìt

wcaa `kap ymu emaaket ymur t`muf`ts inb prmekss ymur akirncnf

hkmrk ymu gmvk mn tm t`k nkxt sksscmn. Hk erkitcvk cn bmeu'

gkntcnf ymur t`muf`ts is ymu knfifk cn ietcvctcks inb rkspmnb

tm t`k qukstcmns. Ificn! rkgkghkr tm4

• Hucab trust wct̀ ymur emgguncty hy hkcnf mpkn inb ̀ mnkst.Gicnticn emnobkntciacty w`kn ipprmprcitk.

• Hk gcnbua m ymur erctcecsgs inb issugptcmns inb bcseuss

t`kg wct` ymur emaakifuks.

• Hk iwirk m `mw ymur pkrekptcmns eìnfk hy rkvckwcnf mab

nmtks.

• Ibipt t`k fucbk tm ymur ecreugstineks.

• Kndmy ymurska)



A Aea ka Ja

i nmtk mn wmrJcnf wct` ymut`

_mauntkkrs w`m wmrj wct` ymut` mtkn onb pirtcecpints w`m

irk kifkr tm akirn inb tm emntrchutk t`kcr pisscmn! knkrfy! inb erkitcvcty. Giny _mauntkkrs onb tìt wmrjcnf wct` ymut` cs

cnspcritcmnia is wkaa is prmbuetcvk. Iat`muf` _mauntkkrs skkg

tm frivctitk tmwirb wmrjcnf wct` ymut`! nmt tìt giny ìvk

ìb kxtknscvk kxpkrcknek wmrjcnf wct` ymunf pkmpak prcmr tm

t`kcr \kiek Emrps skrvcek. Hkamw irk smgk fknkria prcnecpaks

mr wmrjcnf wct` ymut`.

• Hucab mn t`k isskts m ymut` sue` is kntùscisg! knkrfy!mptcgcsg! inb `mpk

• Ivmcb meuscnf kxeauscvkay mn ‑prmhakgs‗ hut rit`kr meus

mn cssuks! eìaaknfks! mppmrtunctcks! inb isskts

• Erkitk mppmrtunctcks mr ymut` tm emntrchutk tm t`kcr

emgguncty cn emnstruetcvk wiys! kvkn c gmbkst

• Knemurifk ymunf pkmpak tm tijk rkspmnschcacty mr t`kcr ietcmns inb cbkis

• Utrknft`kn kkacnfs m hkamnfcnf inb skrvcek tm t`k

emgguncty

• [sk ymunf pkmpak–s pkrsmnia kxpkrckneks is i tmma mr

tkie`cnf

• Utirt sgiaa inb wmrj up tm airfkr kxpketitcmns

• Hucab emgpktknecks inb bkvkamp ska'kstkkg

• Rkie` ska'bcrketcmn

• Cnvmavk emggcttkb pirknts inb mt`kr ibuats tm wmrj wct`

ymut`

• Acnj ymut` kmrts wct` airfkr emgguncty bkvkampgknt inb eìnfk kmrts



\e Ep

hcm\`yscEiAknvcrmngknt

‑Hcmp`ysceia‗ rkkrs tm t`k ameia ainb! witkr! icr! inb vkfktitcmn

rksmureks. R`k hcmp`ysceia knvcrmngknt cs i fmmb stirtcnf

pmcnt mr akirncnf ihmut ymur emgguncty hkeiusk ct cneaubks

tinfchak isskts t`it irk emggmn tm prietceiaay iaa emgguncty

gkghkrs. Smu ein skk! tmue`! inb smgktcgks sgkaa t`cnfs

acjk trkks! incgias! smca typks! tmpmfrip`y! inb witkr smureks.

R`k hcmp`ysceia knvcrmngknt iasm rkkrs tm t`k eacgitk (wcnb!ricn! tkgpkriturk# inb `mw ct s`ipks t`k ameia knvcrmngknt.

@ivcnf i sknsk m t`k hcmp`ysceia knvcrmngknt wcaa `kap ymu

unbkrstinb t`k emnbctcmns cn w`ce` ymur emgguncty unetcmns!

inb w`y smgk prietceks inb pkrekptcmns kxcst. V`cak t`k

rkfcmnia kemamfy cs unqukstcmnihay cgpmrtint! try meuscnf

mn akirncnf ihmut t`k ameia nituria rksmureks cn inb irmunb

ymur emgguncty.



< A Aea ka Ja

Emgguncty wiAJs

w`y bm t`cs=

Emgguncty wiajs gijk ymu gmrk vcschak inb igcacir tm

pkmpak. Smu giy kka acjk ymu–rk acvcnf cn i os`hmwa iarkiby! hut

stiycnf cn inb irmunb ymur ̀ musk giy irmusk pkmpak–s eurcmscty

kvkn gmrk. R`krk–s nm kseipcnf ymur ‑ekakhrcty stitus‗ inywiy!

sm gijk t`k gmst m ct. V`kn pkmpak skk ymu mut inb ihmut! t`ky

skk tìt ymu irk dust i nmrgia pkrsmn inb hkemgk cnerkiscnfay

uskb tm ymu. Cn tcgk! t`ky wcaa kka gmrk emgmrtihak s`mwcnf

ymu wìt t`ky t`cnj cs cgpmrtint tm jnmw.

wìt tm bm

Isj ymur nkcf`hmr! ymur emgguncty wmrj pirtnkrs! mr mt`kr cnctcia emntiets cn t`k emgguncty tm akib ymu mn fucbkb tmurs

m t`k emgguncty. Rkaa t`kg tìt ymu wmuab acjk tm akirn ihmut

wìt inb w`m irk cn t`k emgguncty. Akt ymur qukstcmns mw

hiskb mn wìt ymu skk! tistk! kka! inb sgkaa. \ursuk i acnk m

cnqucry tìt tijks euks inb maamws wìt cs pmcntkb mut tm ymu.

Omeus mn `mw nituria rksmureks irk uskb. Akirn tm isj scgpak

qukstcmns cn ameia mr nitcmnia ainfuifks sue` is4

• Vìt cs tìt…smca-paint-incgia-cnsket-strueturk-hmby m

witkr=

• @mw cs ct uskua tm pkmpak=

• V`m cn t`k emgguncty usks ct=



\e Ep

tc\s

• Hk sknsctcvk tm t`k tcgk emnstricnts inb wmrjamibs m

pkmpak.• Hk iwirk tìt ymu wcaa rkekcvk bckrknt cnmrgitcmn rmg

bckrknt pkmpak. Smu giy wint tm skt up wiajs wct` gkn inb

wmgkn m virycnf ifks! kt`nce frmups! mr cnemgk akvkas.

• Gkntiaay nmtk wìt fknkritks bcseusscmn kvkn c ymu bm nmt

unbkrstinb wìt cs hkcnf sicb. Acstkn inb piy ittkntcmn tm

hmby ainfuifk. \cej mut wmrbs tìt ymu `kir mtkn.

ibi\titcmns-iAtkrnitcvks

• Isj i frmup m pkmpak tm tijk ymu mn i tmur! inb nmtk t`k

vircmus cntkrietcmns hktwkkn pkmpak.

• Fm tm i ameia fit`krcnf spmt wct` i gkntia acst m quks'

tcmns.

• Isj t`k jcbs w`m cnkvctihay ippkir mn ymur bmmrstkp tm tijk

ymu mn i tmur inb cntrmbuek ymu tm t`kcr pirknts.

• C ymu irk cn in urhin irki! isj smgk emgguncty pirtnkrs

tm tijk ymu irmunb t`k nkcf`hmr`mmb mr tm t`k girjkt. Isj

ihmut t`k nituria rksmureks ymu skk.

wìt wmrJkb omr ymu=

R`cnj mr wrctk ihmut wìt wis kndmyihak! wìt wis sueekssua

inb w`y! wìt wisn–t! wìt ymu munb cntkrkstcnf! wìt wis

emnuscnf! inb wìt ymu akirnkb.



8 A Aea ka Ja

nmtks



\e Ep

sJktE`ks

w`y bm t`cs=

Erkitcnf i skrcks m gip inb ainbseipk sjkte`ks sìrpkns ymur

mhskrvitcmn sjcaas inb ̀ kaps ymu gmnctmr ymur akirncnf hy bmeu'

gkntcnf eìnfks cn wìt ymu mhskrvk. Gips ein iasm ̀ kap ymu

unbkrstinb `mw ymur knvcrmngkntia pkrekptcmns emgpirk inb

emntrist wct` t`msk m pkmpak cn ymur emgguncty.

wìt tm bm

Cn ymur mwn wiy! sjkte` i skt m gips tìt caaustritk t`k nituria

irkis inb kiturks tìt skkg scfncoeint tm ymu. Bmn–t wmrry

ihmut hkcnf pkrket. @cfàcf`t t`k kemamfy m t`k irki inb scf'

ncoeint nituria rksmureks. Nmtk t`k bckrkneks cn smca typks!sampks! bricnifk! vkfktitcmn! witkr hmbcks inb smureks! wcnb bc'

rketcmn! kte. Uìrpkn ymur mhskrvitcmn sjcaas hy wiajcnf irmunb

t`k emgguncty wct`mut i nmtkhmmj! kxpamrcnf mnk irki wkaa!

inb gijcnf gkntia nmtks ihmut t`k rksmureks inb strueturks

tìt ymu skk. Xkturn tm ymur `mgk inb sjkte` t`k gip rmg

gkgmry. Emntcnuk bmcnf t`cs wkkjay mr hcwkkjay untca ymu kka

wkaa iequicntkb wct` t`k p`ysceia aiymut inb eìrietkrcstces m

ymur emgguncty. Emgpirk ymur kiray inb aitkr gips: ammj it`mw ymur akirncnf cs rkketkb cn ymur gips.

Jky Yukstcmns

• Vìt prmbuetcmn systkgs ìvk ymu skkn (`mgk firbkns!

nurskrcks! okab ermps#=

• Irk t`krk eìnfks cn vkfktitcmn emgpmsctcmn inb tmpmfrip`y

cn inb irmunb ymur emgguncty= Bkserchk t`ksk.

8



\e Ep


• Rijk p`mtmfrip`s m t`k ainbseipk inb isj pkmpak tm kxpaicn

t`k kiturks t`ky skk cn t`kg.• Cn urhin irkis! gip mut ymur nkcf`hmr`mmb mr t`k ameia

girjkt. Nmtk tmpmfrip`y! witkr smureks! kte. Smu giy wint

tm nmtk urhin firbkns mr mt`kr prmbuetcmn systkgs ymu skk.

• Isj smgk se`mmae`cabrkn tm `kap ymu briw gips. Smu

giy wint tm skk c ct–s pmsschak tm iequcrk gips rmg

fmvkrngknt ifknecks sm ymu inb t`k frmup ein bcseuss

w`it t`k pmsctcmn m t`k emgguncty cs cn rkaitcmn tm t`k

airfkr fkmfrip`ce irki.

nmtks



A Aea ka Ja



\e Ep 6

Emgguncty gkntmrs

w`y bm t`cs=

Rm euatcvitk rkaitcmns`cps wct` cnbcvcbuias cn t`k emgguncty

w`m irk rkspketkb inb rkemfnczkb is jnmwakbfkihak ihmut t`k

ameia knvcrmngknt. R`ksk rkaitcmns`cps wcaa ̀ kap ymu hucab ymur

mwn rkacihak skt m cnmrgitcmn ihmut ameia nituria rksmureks.

w`it tm bm

Isj i nkcf`hmr! emgguncty wmrj pirtnkr! emaakifuk! mr rcknb

tm `kap ymu cbkntcy pkmpak cn t`k emgguncty jnmwn mr t`k

fmmb quiacty wmrj t`ky pkrmrg uscnf ameia nituria rksmureks

(haiejsgct`s! tribctcmnia `kiakrs! hkkjkkpkrs! bicry prmbuekrs

inb girjktkrs! ruct inb vkfktihak frmwkrs! `krbkrs! tkie`krs!kte#. Isj tm hk cntrmbuekb tm t`ksk ameia kxpkrts. Umgk gcf`t

hkemgk ymur gkntmrs. Upknb mnk biy wct` kie` m mur mr ovk

pmtkntcia gkntmrs cn t`k emgguncty. Mhskrvk w`ce` rksmureks

t`ky usk inb gijk gkntia nmtks. V`kn t`k tcgk kkas rcf`t!

turn ymur mhskrvitcmns cntm ietcmn inb pkrmrg smgk m t`k

sigk ietcvctcks is ymur gkntmrs! bkpknbcnf mn ymur cntkrkst.

Rry tm mhticn i sknsk m w`krk inb `mw t`ksk gkntmrs spknb

t`kcr tcgk. Hk prkpirkb wct` qukstcmns acjk t`ksk4

• @mw bm ymu skaket w`ce` (trkks-paints-cnskets-kte.# irk t`k

hkst tm usk cn ymur wmrj=

• @mw bmks t`k ymur wmrj e`infk wct` t`k skismns=

• V`kn irk t`k hkst tcgks m t`k ykir tm onb-mhticn-huy t`ksk

rksmureks= V`krk irk t`ky munb=



A Aea ka Ja

nmw wìt=

R`cnj inb wrctk ihmut ymur kxpkrcknek wmrjcnf wct` gkntmrs.

• Vìt cn pirtceuair cgprkssks ymu ihmut ymur gkntmrs=

• Vìt bcb ymu akirn rmg ymur gkntmrs ihmut nituria

rksmurek ginifkgknt tìt ymu ìb nmt prkvcmusay

rkiaczkb=

• Vìt nkw cnmrgitcmn bm ymu t`cnj ymur gkntmrs emuab usk

tm cgprmvk t`kcr spkeciaczkb wmrj=

tc\s

• Hk surk tm spknb tcgk wct` wmgkn inb gkn! inb wct` pkmpak

m bckrknt kt`ncecty inb gkins (is hkst ymu ein bktkrgcnk

wct`mut isjcnf pkrsmnia qukstcmns#.

• It orst! ‑sìbmw‗ (spknb t`k biy wct`# i nkcf`hmr mr smgk'

mnk wct` w`mg ymu kka emgmrtihak.


• Rijk p`mtmfrip`s mr

briw t`k tmmas uskb hy

ymur gkntmrs. Ocnb mut

wìt t`k tmmas irk uskb mr! w`ce` irk gmst

uskua! inb w`kt`kr mr

nmt t`ky irk bkscfnkb

inb gibk ameiaay.

• Mn t`k gips ymu–vk

gibk! nmtk t`k paieks

w`krk ymu inb ymur gkntmrs wknt. @mw

irk t`k irkis ymu vcs'

ctkb wct` ymur gkn'



\e Ep

tmrs scgcair tm inb bckrknt rmg kie` mt`kr= V`ce` nituria

rksmureks kxcst t`krk=

• C ymu irk i tkie`kr mr knvcrmngkntia kbueitmr! isj ymur

stubknts tm bm i emgguncty rkskire` prmdket inb tm cbkntcy

t`k kxpkrts cn t`k emgguncty inb t`kcr irki m kxpkrtcsk.

Hkfcn tm erkitk i emgguncty jnmwakbfk smurekhmmj.

nmtks



8< A Aea ka Ja

tribctcmniAtkE`ncEiA JnmwAkbfk

w`y bm t`cs=

Rm akirn emgguncty gkghkrs– tribctcmnia tke`nceia jnmwakbfk

hisk ihmut nituria rksmurek ginifkgknt inb wct` w`mg ct

rkscbks cn t`k emgguncty.

wìt tm bm

― AmEiA vkfktitcmnR`cs ietcvcty ein hk cnctcitkb wct` bckrknt frmups cn t`k emg'

guncty tìt cneaubk ymunf pkmpak! wmgkn! inb mt`krs. Isj

pirtcecpints tm cntkrvckw kabkray pkmpak cn t`kcr ̀ mgks mn paint'

rkaitkb tmpces. Smu gcf`t emnsuat ameia tkie`krs mr ymur emg'

guncty pirtnkrs tm bkvkamp i acst m paint'rkaitkb t`kgks rmg

w`ce` t`k pirtcecpints ein e`mmsk. R`k cbki cs mr pirtcecpints

(inb ymu# tm akirn ̀ mw bckrknt emgguncty gkghkrs tribctcmn'

iaay viauk inb usk t`kcr ameia paints. Cnbcvcbuia pirtcecpints

gcf`t erkitk i wiy tm rkprksknt (briwcnf! scnfcnf! binecnf!

kte.# wìt t`ky ìvk akirnkb. Kxigpaks m pmsschak t`kgks mr

akirncnf ietcvctcks irk4

• Rrkks inb Frissks Cgpmrtint tm Gy Oigcay inb Gk

• Rkn Cgpmrtint Gkbcecnia \aints cn Mur Emgguncty

• I Utmry-Gyt` Ihmut i \aint

tc\s

• Vmrj wct` i ameia prmksscmnia w`m ìs in cntkrkst cn knvc'

rmngkntia kbueitcmn.

• Knemurifk pirtcecpints tm cntkrvckw wmgkn is wkaa is gkn.



\e Ep 8


• Emnstruet i paint prkss rmg ameia gitkrcias inb bm i prksskb

paint emaaketcmn. Ukk t`k ‑Ietcvctcks mr Ourt`kr Akirncnf‗it t`k knb m t`cs fucbk tm akirn `mw tm gijk i paint prkss.

• Cn urhin irkis! fm tm t`k girjkt inb cbkntcy t`k paint

rksmureks ymu skk inb isj ihmut w`krk t`ky emgk rmg. Iasm

nmtk wmmb uka smureks! inb try tm onb mut w`krk t`ky emgk

rmg. Nmtk iny trkks mr paints tìt skkg tm hk cntkntcmniaay

gicnticnkb mr prkskrvkb irmunb ymur nkcf`hmr`mmb. Irk

t`krk iny frmups tìt irk rkspmnschak mr mr cntkrkstkb cn prkskrvcnf mr euatcvitcnf paints cn t`k urhin knvcrmngknt=

Irk t`krk iny aiws fmvkrncnf `mw inb w`kn trkks giy

hk eut= Vìt mrfinczitcmns mr actkriturk ein ymu onb tìt

ibbrkssks ameia paint spkecks=

• Bm t`k sigk typk m ietcvcty! hut meus mn bmgkstce

incgias.

wìt tm bm

― AmEiA cnskEtsCnvmavk i frmup m e`cabrkn cn i figk tm emaaket ovk tm 9< cnskets

m w`ce` t`ky jnmw t`k spkecoe ameia nigk. Hrcnf t`kg tmfkt`kr

mr i frmup bcseusscmn sm t`ky ein sìrk wct` ymu inb kie`

mt`kr t`kcr jnmwakbfk emnekrncnf t`k cnskets– ̀ ihcts. R`cnj m i

erkitcvk wiy tm emgpcak inb bcspaiy t`k rksuats. Ermss'rkkrknek

t`k cnmrgitcmn wct` kabkrs cn t`k emgguncty. Umgk rkakvint

qukstcmns mr t`k bcseusscmn irk4• Vìt cs t`k ameia nigk m t`cs cnsket= Bmks t`cs nigk gkin

inyt`cnf cn pirtceuair=

• Vìt irk t`k nigks m t`k hmby pirts cn t`k ameia ainfuifk=



88 A Aea ka Ja

• Vìt bmks t`cs cnsket kit=

• Vìt kits t`cs cnsket=

• Vìt cs t`k cnsket–s ack eyeak=

• Vìt tcgk m ykir cs t`k cnsket gmst pakntcua= V`y=

• Bm pkmpak t`cnj t`cs cs i fmmb mr hib cnsket= V`y=

• Bm pkmpak try tm emntrma t`cs cnsket= @mw=

• Bmks t`cs cnsket ̀ ivk i rkaitcmns`cp wct` iny pirtceuair paint

mr incgia=

• Irk t`krk iny prmvkrhs ihmut t`cs cnsket=

tc\s

• Mut'm'se`mma ymut` giy jnmw i amt ihmut ameia nituria

rksmureks hkeiusk t`ky wmrj cn t`k surrmunbcnf knvcrmngknttm `kap suppmrt t`kcr igcay.

• Rry nmt tm skttak mr mnk mr twm inswkrs ihmut iny cnsket. Rry

tm fit`kr is giny nmtcmns ihmut t`k cnskets is pmsschak.


• C pkmpak–s jnmwakbfk ihmut in cnsket skkgs acgctkb! bmn–t

hk bcsemurifkb. Umgkmnk cn i nkcf`hmrcnf emgguncty giy

jnmw gmrk. Mr! meus mn inmt`kr cnsket cn ymur bcseusscmns.

• [sk t`k cnsket kxkrecsk is in knvcrmngkntia kbueitcmn ietcvcty

w`krkhy! cn wmrjcnf wct` ymut`! ymu cbkntcy! rkskire`! inb

eitiamf t`k cnskets irmunb t`k emgguncty. Rry tm bcspaiy

t`k bckrknt cnskets cn smgk mrg (huf hmxks! p`mtmfrip`s!briwcnfs# inb isj gkghkrs m t`k emgguncty tm sìrk wìt

t`ky jnmw ihmut t`k cnskets. Omajs cn t`k emgguncty giy

t`cnj ymu–rk i acttak mbb it orst! hut t`k ymunf pkmpak wcaa

hk vkry prmub m t`kcr wmrj cn t`k knb.



\e Ep 8

tcgk tm rkoAkEt

w`y rkoAkEt mn ymur iEtcvctcks=

Hkamw irk suffkstcmns inb qukstcmns ymu ein isj ymurska tm

`kap eaircy inb bcrket ymur akirncnf. Bmn–t try tm ibbrkss t`kg

iaa it mnek. Ammj t`kg mvkr! jkkp t`kg cn gcnb! inb iet mn mr

inswkr t`msk tìt cntkrkst ymu. Ibb ymur mwn qukstcmns hiskb mn ymur cntkrksts inb akirncnf. Rry wrctcnf ihmut smgk m t`k

gmrk emgpakx qukstcmns. Smu–aa surprcsk ymurska ihmut `mw

gue` ymu–vk akirnkb. \cej i kw qukstcmns inb try tm vcsuiaay

rkprksknt ymur akirncnf cn smgk wiy! iny wiy! tìt ymu kndmy.

Isj ymur emgguncty pirtnkrs tm `kap ymu! inb t`cnj ihmut

bcspaiycnf ymur rksuats tm mt`kr emgguncty gkghkrs. Omeus mn

wìt t`k emgguncty ìs tm mkr! rit`kr tìn mn wìt ct aiejs.

• Bkserchk t`k vkfktitcmn typk cn inb irmunb ymur emgguncty.

Cs ct wmmby! frissainb! gcxkb! mr smgkt`cnf kask= Irk t`k

trkks t`mrny! akiy! tiaa= Irk t`k frissks frkkn mr pire`kb=

V`y bm ymu t`cnj t`k vkfktitcmn ìs bkvkampkb t`cs wiy=

• Bkserchk t`k skismn tìt t`k emgguncty cs nmw kxpkrckne'

cnf. Cs ct ricny! bry! wcnby! busty! emma! tmrrcb! mr smgkt`cnf

kask= Vìt irk smgk t`cnfs tìt ymu acjk inb bcsacjk ihmutt`k eurrknt skismn= @mw bm ymu mrkskk t`k eurrknt skismn

eìnfcnf cn t`k nkxt skvkria gmnt`s! c it iaa=

• Bcb ymu cbkntcy iny trkks mr `krhiekmus paints tìt ymu

t`cnj gcf`t hk akfugcnmus (@cnt4 t`ksk paints mtkn ìvk

amnf skkb pmbs! hkin'acjk skkbs! emgpmunb akivks#= @mw

irk t`ksk paints viaukb inb uskb hy t`k emgguncty=

• Gijk i acst m t`k nituria rksmureks cn t`k emgguncty. V`ce`

rksmureks bm ymu t`cnj irk viaukb gmst hy emgguncty gkg'

hkrs= Isj i kw pkmpak tm acst t`kcr ‑Rmp ;‗ nituria rksmureks.

Bm t`k acsts bckr scfncoeintay igmnf gkn! wmgkn! fcras!



8 A Aea ka Ja

hmys= C sm! w`y bm ymu suppmsk t`cs cs= Isj ymur nkcf`hmrs

inb wmrj pirtnkrs wìt t`ky t`cnj.

• Bm gkn inb wmgkn skkg tm ìvk bckrknt jnmwakbfk inb

viauks ihmut t`k nituria rksmureks cn inb irmunb t`k emg'

guncty= C sm! wìt cs ymur kxpainitcmn mr t`cs=

• Vìt smcas irk cn t`k emgguncty= Bkserchk t`ksk hy nigk!

emamr! tkxturk (sinby! scaty! eaiyacjk#! ainbseipk pmsctcmn

(upainb! amwainb! gcb'sampk#! ermps frmwn! inb mt`kr cbkn'

tcycnf kiturks ectkb hy ameia pkmpak.

• Bm ainbseipk kiturks (`caas! viaakys! rmej mutermps! mrkst!frissainb! rcvkrscbks# skkg tm iket ainb usk= Cn wìt wiy=

• Vìt ̀ is cgprksskb ymu gmst ihmut t`k pkmpak cn ymur emg'

guncty rkfirbcnf t`kcr jnmwakbfk m nituria rksmureks=

• @mw bmks t`k nituria knvcrmngknt sìpk t`k bicay acvks

m emgguncty gkghkrs= R`cnj ihmut t`k kket m witkr

smureks! ̀ caas inb viaakys! mrkst irkis! inb frissainbs mn t`k

wiy pkmpak emnbuet t`kcr ietcvctcks burcnf i typceia wkkj.

• @mw bmks ymur mwn jnmwakbfk m kemamfy emgpirk (cs

scgcair# inb emntrist (cs bckrknt# wct` t`k knvcrmngkntia

jnmwakbfk m t`k pkmpak cn ymur emgguncty=

tc\s

• Xkvckw ymur akirncnf sm ir. Nmtk pmcnts tìt irk uneakir!

emncetcnf! inb kspkeciaay cntkrkstcnf! irkis w`krk ymu

gcf`t hk gcstijkn! bmuhts! w`kn mr w`y ymu kat fmmb!

emnuskb! kte.

• Bkserchk wiys cn w`ce` ymur emnekpt m t`k cntkrietcmn

hktwkkn pkmpak inb t`k ameia knvcrmngknt ìs hkkn

eìaaknfkb. @mw bmks t`k ameia rkiacty bckr rmg wìtymu frkw up wct`= Vìt irk smgk ameia knvcrmngkntia

prietceks inb hkacks tìt rkiaay cntkrkst ymu= Vìt irk

t`k t`cnfs ymu wcs` ymur igcay inb rcknbs cn t`k [nctkb

Utitks emuab kxpkrcknek=



\e Ep 8

kEmnmgcEknvcrmngknt

‑Kemnmgce‗ rkkrs tm t`k cntkrietcmn hktwkkn knvcrmngknt

inb acvkac`mmb! inb `mw cnbcvcbuias inb emggunctcks wmrj

wct` t`k knvcrmngknt tm susticn t`kcr acvkac`mmb. ‑Acvkac`mmb‗

rkkrs tm t`k wmrj tìt pkmpak bm tm kkb! eamt`k! inb s`katkr

t`kgskavks. Cn t`cs sketcmn! ymu–aa kxpamrk ̀ mw acvkac`mmbs giy

ìvk eìnfkb mvkr tcgk cn rkspmnsk tm knvcrmngkntia eìnfk!inb ̀ mw eìnfks cn t`k knvcrmngknt giy ̀ ivk iketkb cnemgk

akvkas inb prietceks. Xkkr tm ymur akirncnf cn t`k Hcmp`ysceia

sketcmn tm bcrket t`k ietcvctcks cn t`cs sketcmn. Omeus mn t`k usk

inb acvkac`mmb rmak m nituria rksmureks inb `mw usk giy ìvk

eìnfkb mvkr tcgk cn rkspmnsk tm vircmus ietmrs.



8 A Aea ka Ja

Emnvkrsitcmns wctÈmgguncty gkntmrs

w`y bm t`cs=

Rm bcsemvkr w`ce` paints! incgias! inb mt`kr hcmamfceia rksmureks

irk kemnmgceiaay vctia tm emgguncty wkaa'hkcnf! inb tm

unbkrstinb t`k hiscs mr t`kcr viauk. Smu–aa iasm ammj it t`k seirecty

mr ihunbinek m t`ksk rksmureks cn rkaitcmn tm bkginb.

wìt tm bm

Isj skvkria cnbcvcbuias tm rinj t`k ovk tm 9< gmst cgpmrtint

paints inb incgias cn t`k emgguncty. Knemurifk emnvkrsitcmn

irmunb kie` e`mcek. Akirn ihmut kie` pirtceuair mrfincsg

hy isjcnf4

• V`y cs ct cgpmrtint tm t`k emgguncty= Vìt cs cts usk=

• V`y cs iny pirtceuair paint mr incgia gmrk! akss! mr kquiaay

cgpmrtint emgpirkb tm inmt`kr=

• Irk iny m t`k gmst cgpmrtint paints mr incgias bcoeuat tm

mhticn= V`y=

• @mw ìs t`k ivicaihcacty inb-mr usk m iny pirtceuair paintmr incgia eìnfkb mvkr tcgk=

• @mw cs t`k ameia suppay m in cgpmrtint paint mr incgia

gicnticnkb cn rkaitcmn tm pkmpak–s nkkb mr ct=

• Nmtk t`k rkqukney inb skismniacty m usk (wkkjay! gmntày!

ykiray# m skvkria cgpmrtint paints mr incgias.



\e Ep 86


• Cn urhin irkis! bcseuss wct` vircmus igcacks inb cnbcvcbuias

t`k rksmureks t`ky usk gmst! t`msk t`it irk gmst bcoeuat tmmhticn! inb t`msk t`it irk gmst kxpknscvk.

nmtks



8 A Aea ka Ja

girJkt survky

w`y bm t`cs=

Rm prmcak t`k kemnmgce ietcvcty m t`k emgguncty inb t`k

kemnmgce scfncoeinek m t`k surrmunbcnf nituria rksmurek hisk.

wìt tm bmFm tm i ameia girjkt inb usk ymur kvkr'cgprmvcnf mhskrvitcmn

inb ainfuifk sjcaas tm bcsemvkr wìt nituria rksmureks irk cg'

pmrtint tm vircmus skaakrs inb huykrs! inb tm t`k mvkriaa ameia

kemnmgy. Umgk pmtkntcia irkis m cnqucry irk4

• V`m cs cn t`k girjkt= R`cnj cn tkrgs m skx! ifk! kt`ncecty!

inb cnemgk akvkas. Isj i nughkr m pkmpak `mw ir t`ky

ìvk trivkakb tm fkt t`krk.

• Vìt irk pkmpak skaacnf-huycnf= Nmtk ctkgs tìt irk ginu'

ieturkb! cgpmrtkb! inb frmwn-gibk ameiaay! nmn'mmbstus!

inb skrvceks (k.f.! ticamrs! `kiat` ibvcsmrs#.

• Vìt nituria rksmureks prmbuets irk mr siak= Irk t`ky ivica'

ihak ykir'rmunb= C nmt! wìt bmks t`k gkreìnt skaa cn mt`kr

skismns= Vìt cs t`k prcek t`rmuf`mut t`k ykir=• Vìt cgpmrtkb ctkgs irk! cn kket! suhstctutks mr prmbuets

mr skrvceks tìt emuab hk gibk mr munb ameiaay (k.f.! smip!

hmwas! krtcaczkrs! pkstcecbks#=

• Vìt irk t`k tkrgs m tribk (k.f.! `mw giny jcamfrigs m

fricn ein hk pureìskb mr in kqucviaknt viauk m mnk fmit#=

Vìt ctkgs cn pirtceuair ein hk hirtkrkb mr (k.f.! acvkstmej

mr fricn#= Cs erkbct ivicaihak= Vìt irk t`k cntkrkst ritksinb emnbctcmns m erkbct= Cs gmnky aknbcnf unbkrwiy=

8



\e Ep 8

• V`it irk t`k mvkriaa emnbctcmns m t`k girjkt= Eakin-bcrty=

• Bkserchk t`k vircmus gitkrcias uskb tm emnstruet t`k girjkt

inb emnstruetcmn gkt`mbs. Bmks t`k girjkt aiymut ippkir

tm hk painnkb cn iny wiy= V`y bm t`k ‑mncmn wmgkn‗ sct

tmfkt`kr= V`m cs rkspmnschak mr upjkkp m t`k girjkt=

tc\s

• R`cs cs i fmmb ietcvcty tm bm wct` i Emuntkrpirt hkeiusk

m `cs mr `kr igcacircty wct` girjkt bynigces inb ctkgsmr siak.

• Mrfinczk t`k cnmrgitcmn rkfirbcnf nituria rksmureks mr siak

cn t`k girjkt cn i wiy (acjk i tihak# t`it s`mws t`k nigk m

t`k rksmurek! cts prcek! cts pkrcmb m ivicaihcacty hy gmnt`!

inb mt`kr cntkrkstcnf! rkaitkb cnmrgitcmn.



< A Aea ka Ja


• R`k girjkt cs in cnerkbchay rce` smurek m cnmrgitcmn! hut

ein smgktcgks skkg mvkrw`kagcnf! kspkeciaay mn ymur orstvcscts. Rry tm cbkntcy vircmus gkreìnts wct` w`mg ymu ein

sct mr in kxtknbkb pkrcmb m tcgk inb dust ihsmrh t`k scf`ts!

smunbs! inb sgkaas m t`k girjkt. Xkvcsct t`ksk pkmpak is

mtkn is pmsschak. Rry tm meus mn wìt cs ìppkncnf irmunb

ymu! rit`kr tìn mn `mw unemgmrtihak ymu giy kka. Xkturn

`mgk inb rkemrb wìt ymu–vk skkn inb kat.



\e Ep

nmtks



8 A Aea ka Ja

Emgguncty rksmurEk oAmw

w`y bm t`cs=

Rm bktkrgcnk `mw t`k nutrcknt rksmureks mw t`rmuf`mut i

emgguncty is i rksuat m ameia ainb usk prietceks. Nutrcknts

irk emnticnkb cn kvkry hcmamfceia rksmurek cn kvkry emgguncty!

inb iaa emggunctcks ìvk i emntcnumus inb eyeaceia mw m

nutrcknts t`rmuf`mut t`kcr ifrceuaturia inb cnbustrcia prmbue'tcmn systkgs.

In cntkrkstcnf inb icray emggmn kxigpak m nutrcknt mw

ìs tm bm wct` t`k rmak m akfugcnmus paints wct`cn i irgcnf

systkg. R`ksk irk paints (eamvkr cs i typceia kxigpak cn t`k

[.U. irgcnf systkg# tìt mrg i syghcmtce rkaitcmns`cp wct`

hietkrci eiaakb r`czmhci tìt acvk mn paint rmmts. R`ksk hietkrciirk eipihak m turncnf itgmsp`krce nctrmfkn cntm i mrg tìt

cs usihak hy paints! i prmekss jnmwn is nctrmfkn oxitcmn.

Smu ein bcf up akfugcnmus paints sue` is hkins inb pkinuts

w`kn t`ky irk giturk inb! c t`k smca emnbctcmns irk rcf`t! skk

t`k r`czmhci nmbuaks (jnmhs mr hugps mn t`k rmmt systkg#. C

t`k akfugcnmus paint cs oxcnf nctrmfkn! ymu s`muab hk ihak

tm sact mpkn t`k nmbuaks wct` i jnck mr ymur onfkr inb skk i

pcnjcs` emamr. Smur hkst eìnek m skkcnf t`cs p`knmgknmncs tm ammj cn i hkin mr pkinut okab tìt ìs rkekcvkb paknty

m ginurk krtcaczkr.

I systkg tìt kketcvkay utcaczks nutrcknt eyeacnf jkkps nutrc'

knts wct`cn t`k systkg t`rmuf` vircmus ginifkgknt tke`ncquks!

sue` is ginurcnf mr cntkfritcnf akfugcnmus paints cntm t`k sys'

tkg. R`ksk tke`ncquks rkbuek t`k nkkb mr cgpmrtcnf ibbctcmnianutrcknts! w`ce` cs emstay cn tkrgs m knkrfy uncts. @ivcnf in

cbki m nutrcknt ficn mr amss ein fcvk ymu in cbki m t`k kemnmgce

susticnihcacty m vircmus acvkac`mmb prietceks.



\e Ep

nmtks (kpa#sa \ee mpp

• akfugkscnsystkg • e`cejknginurknmtuskb• gcaaktstiajsaicbmnsmcaburcnf •ginurknmtcnemrpmritkbcntmsmca!

bryskismninbcnemrpmritkbit rksuatscnNamss

hkfcnncnfmoricnyskismn • is`ksormgrknmtuskb

• gcncgiakrmscmn • fmitshrmwskymunftrkks

• fmitsinbeittakfit`krunbkr • smgkkrmscmnburcnfìrgittin

I.iahcbiinbbkpmsctginurk

Yukstcmns(kpa q a#

• V`yginurknmtcnemrpmritkb=• Bmksùginurkakotmnsuroiekpmsk`kiat`rcsj=Vìtirkt`keuaturia

cgpaceitcmnsmoemgpmstcnfùginurk=

• V`yirkis`ksnmtuskb=

• Vinttmakirngmrkihmutnituriavkfktitcmnuskbhy`musk`mab=

• @mwgue`fricn-akfugkskxpmrtkb=



A Aea ka Ja

wìt tm bm

Hiskb mn wìt ymu ìvk bcsemvkrkb cn prkvcmus kxkrecsks! cbkntcy

t`k nituria rksmureks tìt irk cgpmrtint tm t`k emgguncty–s acvkac'`mmb systkgs. Bkscfn i bcifrig tìt bkpcets t`k hcmamfceia irkis

m kemnmgce cgpmrtinek! k.f.! ifrceuaturia okabs! nurskrcks! mrksts!

amwainbs! rcvkrscbks! frizcnf irkis! kte. Isj vircmus pkmpak tm `kap

ymu bktkrgcnk c ymu ìvk ieeuritkay inb suoeckntay rkprkskntkb

t`k hcmamfceia rksmureks m t`k acvkac`mmb systkg! w`kt`kr nituria mr

euatcvitkb. Nkxt! isj ihmut t`k mw m nutrcknts hktwkkn hcmamfceia

rksmureks inb bkpcet t`k bcrketcmn m mw. Omr kxigpak! emws kit

frissks inb akivk ginurk cn okabs: ermps usk t`k nutrcknts rmgt`k ginurk: pkmpak ìrvkst inb kit mr skaa t`k fricn pmrtcmn m t`k

ermp: t`k ermp rkscbuks irk akt cn t`k okabs mr kb tm acvkstmej. Rry

tm cbkntcy mt`kr nutrcknt pit`wiys inb eyeaks. Nmtk w`krk nutrcknts

irk amst tm krmscmn! w`krk t`ky irk kxpmrtkb tm girjkt! mr mt`kr

mrgs m trinsameitcmn.

• Bmks ct skkg acjk t`k systkg ̀ is i nkt amss mr ficn m nutrcknts=

@ivk ymu mrfmttkn iny jky nutrcknt smureks=

• V`krk gcf`t smgk nutrcknts hk emnskrvkb mr aitkr usk= Omr

kxigpak! wmuab emgpmstcnf iatkr t`k nutrcknt mw it iaa=

• Irk t`krk smgk emggmn tke`ncquks tìt pkmpak cn t`k

emgguncty usk iarkiby tm rkeyeak nutrcknts= Irk t`krk iny

cnnmvitcvk tke`ncquks tìt ymu ìvk mhskrvkb=

• V`ce` prietceks skkg ‑susticnihak‗ cn t`k sknsk tìtgmst nutrcknts inb knkrfy rkgicn wct`cn t`k emgguncty

systkg=

• @mw gcf`t smgk prietceks hk ibdustkb tm hk gmrk

susticnihak= R`cnj ihmut sue` t`cnfs is ruct inb

vkfktihak prmbuetcmn. Irk pkmpak cn t`k emgguncty

emnsugcnf mr skaacnf t`kcr prmbuek! cn fknkria= Cn t`cs

pirtceuair eisk! `mw emuab pkmpak kit gmrk ‑`mgkfrmwn‗ructs inb vkfktihaks inb rkekcvk `cf`kr prceks mr t`kg

it t`k sigk tcgk=



\e Ep

tc\s

• Bmn–t wmrry tmm gue` ihmut seiak inb t`k rkaitcvk

prmpmrtcmns m syghmas. R`k fmia cs tm unbkrstinb nutrckntinb knkrfy mw gmrk sm tìn t`k ameitcmn m cts smurek.

• Emnscbkr t`k bckrknt pirts m t`k rksmurek. Nutrcknts rmg i

ermp–s fricn giy ̀ ivk i bckrknt pit`wiy tìn t`k nutrcknts

cn t`k stiaj. R`k knkrfy inb nutrcknts cn t`k ruct m i trkk giy

hk trinspmrtkb smgkw`krk kask tìn t`msk m cts akivks.

• R`cs kxkrecsk s`muab cbkiaay cneaubk gkn inb wmgkn m iaa

ifks. Fknbkr rmaks giy eiusk ymunf pkmpak tm hk cnvmavkb cn mnk irki m rksmurek mw inb kabkrs cn i bckrknt mnk.


• Rm hkttkr unbkrstinb fknbkr rmaks inb rkaitcmns`cps! ymu ein

ittie` syghmas tm t`k pit`wiy tm bkserchk w`m cs rkspmnschak

mr t`k gmvkgknt m t`k rksmurek. Smu ein usk t`k hcmamfceia

ispket m t`cs kxkrecsk is hiejfrmunb hy ̀ cfàcf`tcnf fknbkr

rmaks inb cbkntcycnf w`m cs rkspmnschak mr t`k vircmus pirts

m i emgguncty–s acvkac`mmb systkg.

• C ymu wmrj wct` se`mmas! ymu giy wint tm erkitk i hcmamfy

akssmn pain tìt iaamws stubknts tm gmnctmr inb akirn ihmut

nutrcknt mw cn t`kcr emggunctcks. R`k stubknts gcf`t

`cfàcf`t prietceks tìt knemurifk t`k gicntkninek m i

nutrcknt smurek (acjk ibbcnf mrfince gittkr tm smcas# inb t`msk

tìt iecactitk nutrcknt amss (k.f.! fricn kxpmrt! krmscmn#.

• C bktkrgcncnf nutrcknt mws cn t`k kntcrk emgguncty cs

mvkrw`kagcnf mr nmt kischak! stirt hy bkscfncnf i bcifrig

m mnk `musk`mab mr ifrceuaturia okab inb usk tìt is ymur

pmcnt m rkkrknek mr airfkr! gmrk kxpinscvk bcifrigs.

• Ujkte` mut wìt ymu iarkiby jnmw ihmut nutrcknt mw cn

ymur emgguncty.



A Aea ka Ja

tcgkAcnk inb trknbs

w`y bm t`cs=

Rm bcsemvkr t`k ̀ cstmry m t`k emgguncty inb `mw eìnfk giy

ìvk iketkb rksmurek ivicaihcacty inb ginifkgknt.

wìt tm bm― tcgkAcnkR`cs kxkrecsk wcaa `kap ymu unbkrstinb t`k hiejfrmunb inb

`cstmry m t`k emgguncty inb fcvk ymu i sknsk m t`k ietmrs

emntrchutcnf tm cts kvmautcmn. Rm mhticn i rkacihak nirritcvk!

ymu nkkb tm cnctcitk inb nurturk bcseusscmns wct` kabkray gkn

inb wmgkn. Ipprmie` t`k kabkrs wct` rkspket inb hkfcn t`k

bcseusscmn hy kxpaicncnf tìt ymu wmuab acjk tm akirn t`k`cstmry m t`k emgguncty. @krk irk smgk hisce qukstcmns

ymu gcf`t isj4

• V`kn wis t`k emgguncty munbkb inb hy w`mg=

• V`m irk smgk cgpmrtint ̀ cstmrceia ofurks inb mr wìt irk

t`ky jnmwn= V`kn bcb t`ky acvk cn t`k emgguncty=

• Vìt wis t`k acvkac`mmb systkg! c.k.! ̀ mw pkmpak frkw mmb inb kirnkb cnemgk! w`kn t`k emgguncty wis munbkb=

• C t`k acvkac`mmb systkg ìs eìnfkb scnek t`k emgguncty

wis munbkb! w`kn bcb ct eìnfk= (Omr kxigpak! ‑@ivk

pkmpak cn t`cs emgguncty iawiys euatcvitkb giczk=‗#

• @ivk t`krk hkkn nituria bcsistkrs (mmbs! bcskisk! brmuf`t#

tìt giy nkvkr akivk t`k ‑emgguncty emnsecmusnkss‗=

• @mw inb w`kn bcb t`k emgguncty fkt cts nigk=



\e Ep 6

N i t c m n i a

s e a ` y o m E g g u y w i o e

9 < < ' S k i r

9 < < < ― 9 2 < <

9 ; < < s

9 ? < < s

9 6 < < s

9 0 < < s

9 3 < < ― 9 3 ? <

9 3 ? < ― 8 < < <

R c g k O r i g k s

E . K .

E . K .

E . K .

E . K .

E . K .

E . K .

E . K .

X k f c m n i a

@ k c f ` t m F ` i n i ! G i a c ! i n b

U m n f ` i y k g p c r k s

\ k r c m b m e m a m n c i a c s g

C n b k p k n b k n e k

c n V k s t I r c e i

r m g e m a m n c i a

p m w k r s

U u h '

C s a i g c e

C n v i s c m n m

E m a m n c i a s

X k f c m n i a

I n c g c s t i r g k r s - h a i e j s g c t ` s

i n b

C s a i g

k b k r i t c m n

e m a m n c i a t r m m p s i b g c n c s t r i t c v k

` k r b k r s e m k x c s t c n r k a i t c v k g u t u i a

c n t r m b u e k b t m

k

s t i h a c s ` k b

s t r u e t u r k s

h k n k o t u s c n f t r i b c t c m n i a s m e c i

a i n b

i n c g c s t

w c t ` r k a c f c m u s

E m a m n c i a c s t s

r k g i c n c n

k e m n m g c e s y t k g s m p r m b u e t c m n !

` k r b k r s i n b

a k i b k r s r u a c n f

i p p m c n t

p a i e k

e m g g k r e k ! i n b f m v k r n i n e k

i r g k r s h y

i b g c n c s t r i t c v k

e i t t a k ' m w n c n f

U k r s y s t k g s

U k r b m g s

r u a k r

X k a c f c m u s

c g g c f r i n t s

p u t c n p a i e k

s m a c b c o k b

a k i b k r s

r m g t ` k

U k r s y s t k g s

k x k r e c s k

n m r t `

w k i j k n k b

s m e c i a r u a k


U k r b m g

m r e k a i h m r :

m o e c i a a y

p r c g i r c a y w c a b

m u t a i w k b

r u h h k r ` i r v k s t

A m e i a

\ r k s k n t ' b i y e m g g u n c t y i r k i a i r f k a y

J i a b u y i i h k

X

i n y i i h k

D i – c y i i h k !

E

m g g u n c t y


_ i r c m u s

m r k s t i n b f r i s s a i n b u n c n ` i h c t k b h y

i g c a c k s s k t t a k i g

c a c k s s k t t a k

H i a h k !

m u n b k b h y

c n s t i a a a k i b k r s

c t k r i t c m n s m

p k m p a k h u t ` m g k t m w c a b a c k s u e ` i s

c n t ` k i r k i m c n

t ` k i r k i m

N f k r c y i i h k !

J m t k k h k !

t m f m v k r n t ` k

n k m e m a m n c i a

p

i n t ` k r s ! a c m n s ! g m n j k y s ! e ` c g p i n z k k s

p r k s k n t ' b i y

p r k s k n t ' b i y

N i – c y i i h k ! J

u u a u n i i h k !

e m g g u n c t y

f m v k r n i n e k

e m g g u n c t y

e m g g u n c t y

U k k a c y i i h k ! U

k k a c y i i h k !

k s t i h a c s ` k b

J u u a u n i i h k ! i n b U c c b c c h k

U m e c i a

U c c b c c h k ! i n b

i g c a c k s

c n u k n e k

U

y s t k g m c n '

J m t k k h k

m r k a c f c m u s j

c n b t i x i t c m n

i g c a c k s s k t t a k

a k i b k r s r k g i c n s

m e r m p s

c n t ` k i r k i

s t r m n f

k s t i h a c s ` k b

C s a i g c e s m e c i a

i n b k e m n m g c e

c n u k n e k i n b

r u a k f r m w

\ k r c m b c e

C s a i g c e g m v k '

g k n t s s m a c b c y

p m w k r m

r k a c f c m u s

a k i b k r s



A Aea ka Ja

tc\s

• Rm bitk scfnc ceint `cstmrceia kvknts! ct giy hk nkekssiry

tm put t`kg cn t`k emntkxt m kvknts tìt wkrk ìppkn'cnf nitcmniaay mr cntkrnitcmniaay it t`k tcgk! k.f.! Vmrab

Vir C mr CC! nitcmnia cnbkpknbknek! t`k ykir t`k rmib wis

pivkb! kte.

wìt tm bm

― trknbs[scnf t`k cnmrgitcmn tìt ymu ficnkb rmg t`k ‑Rcgkacnk‗

ietcvcty! isj ymur jky cnmrgints `mw ekrticn kvknts giy ìvk

prmgptkb eìnfks mr ibdustgknts cn t`k emgguncty. Omeus mn

sue` cssuks is eìnfks cn t`k ainbseipk! t`k quiacty inb quin'

tcty m ivicaihak nituria rksmureks! t`k prcek inb ivicaihcacty

m fmmbs inb skrvceks! t`k strueturk m smecia rkaitcmns cn t`k

emgguncty! inb emgguncty akibkrs`cp. I scgpak kxigpak m

t`k typk m qukstcmn tm isj cs t`cs4 ‑Burcnf kxtknbkb brmuf`ts!

`mw bcb pkmpak eìnfk t`kcr smca ginifkgknt stritkfcks=‗Mt`kr qukstcmns irk4

• @mw bcb rksmurek ivicaihcacty eìnfk hkeiusk m t`cs kvknt!

inb `mw ìs ct emntcnukb tm eìnfk scnek tìt tcgk=



< A Aea ka Ja

• @mw bm ‑mab‗ mr tribctcmnia prmbuetcmn prietceks bckr rmg

t`msk cn usk tmbiy= Cn wìt wiys irk t`ky t`k sigk=

• @mw irk ‑nkw‗ prietceks ipprmprcitk mr cnipprmprcitk tm

prksknt knvcrmngkntia emnbctcmns=

• Vìt bm ymu t`cnj knvcrmngkntia mr kemnmgce emnbctcmns

wcaa hk acjk cn t`k uturk mr tmbiy–s ymut`=

• @mw ìs ainb mwnkrs`cp eìnfkb mvkr t`k aist 5<';<

ykirs=

• @mw ìs pmpuaitcmn iketkb ameia ainb usk prietceks=

tc\s

• Hkfcn smgk m ymur cnctcia qukstcmns m jky cnmrgints wct`

t`k p`risk ‑Cn ymur vckw…‗ mr ‑Cn ymur mpcncmn…‗

• R`k ‑Rcgkacnk‗ kxkrecsk meuskb mn kabkrs. R`k ‑Rrknbs‗

kxkrecsk ein cneaubk iaa ifk frmups. Gijk surk tm nmtk w`m

emntrchutkb tm t`k sueekss m kie` ietcvcty.

• Knemurifk bcseusscmn igmnf pirtcecpints! inb rkkr

hiej tm t`k Rcgkacnk is i rkkrknek pmcnt. Bm nmt kxpket

emnsknsus! kspkeciaay w`krk `cstmry cs emnekrnkb. Gijk

nmtk m bkhitks.



\e Ep

nmtks



8 A Aea ka Ja

tcgk tm rkoAkEt

w`y rkoAkEt mn ymur iEtcvctcks=

Smu ein isj ymurska t`k rkketcmn qukstcmns hkamw! inb mt`krs

ymu t`cnj m! tm `kap eaircy inb bcrket ymur akirncnf. Bmn–t try tm

inswkr iaa t`k qukstcmns it mnek! hut emgk hiej tm t`kg pkrcmbceiaay

tm skk wìt ymu–vk akirnkb. Ibb ymur mwn qukstcmns hiskb mn ymur cntkrksts inb akirncnf. Rry wrctcnf ihmut smgk m t`k gmrk emgpakx

qukstcmns. Smu–aa surprcsk ymurska ihmut ̀ mw gue` ymu–vk akirnkb.

\cej i kw m t`k qukstcmns inb try tm vcsuiaay rkprksknt ymur akirn'

cnf cn smgk wiy. Isj emgguncty pirtnkrs tm `kap ymu! inb t`cnj

ihmut bcspaiycnf ymur rksuats tm mt`kr emgguncty gkghkrs.

• Vìt irk t`k emgguncty–s typks m acvkac`mmb=

• Vìt bm pkmpak huy inb skaa! inb wìt bm t`ky prmbuek=

• @mw bmks caankss iket kemnmgce prmbuetcmn=

• Bm ymu skk iny mppmrtunctcks tm knìnek nutrcknt rkeyeacnf=

• V`ce` ameia ainb usk prietceks prmgmtk nutrcknt rkeyeacnf=

• Bmks t`k kemnmgce systkg rkay mn eis` ermps mr kxpmrt! mr

mmb ermps mr emnsugptcmn= @is ct iawiys hkkn tìt wiy=

• Vìt irk t`k gicn mmb ermps inb mt`kr euatcvitkb paints=

• Bcb ymu akirn ihmut paints tìt irk nmt euatcvitkb (c.k.! tìt

dust frmw hy t`kgskavks# hut irk kemnmgceiaay cgpmrtint=

• Vìt irk t`k cnputs inb mutputs m t`k emgguncty–s prcgiry

prmbuetcmn systkg mvkr t`k emursk m i ykir=

• Vìt irk smgk ibdustgknts pkmpak ìvk gibk cn tribc'

tcmnia prmbuetcmn prietceks is i rksuat m eìnfks cn nituria

rksmurek quintcty inb quiacty inb-mr pmpuaitcmn eìnfk=



\e Ep

• @mw ìvk gkn–s inb wmgkn–s rmaks eìnfkb mvkr tcgk=

V`msk rmaks ìvk eìnfkb t`k gmst= V`y=

• @mw bm t`k hcmp`ysceia eìrietkrcstces m t`k knvcrmngknt

rkaitk tm kemnmgce prmbuetcmn=

• Vìt cgprkssks ymu t`k gmst ihmut `mw gkn inb wmgkn

ìvk rkspmnbkb tm scfncoeint kemnmgce eìnfks=

• Vìt cgprkssks ymu ihmut t`k prmbuetcmn systkg=

tc\s

• Xkvckw ymur akirncnf sm ir. Nmtk pmcnts tìt irk uneakir!

emncetcnf! inb kspkeciaay cntkrkstcnf! w`krk ymu gcf`t hk

gcstijkn! bmuhts! w`krk inb w`y ymu kat fmmb! kte.

• Bkserchk wiys cn w`ce` ymur emnekpt m t`k cntkrietcmn

hktwkkn pkmpak inb t`k knvcrmngknt ìs hkkn eìaaknfkb.

@mw bmks ct bckr rmg wìt ymu frkw up wct`= @mw cs ct

scgcair= Vìt irk smgk ameia knvcrmngkntia prietceks inb

hkacks tìt rkiaay cntkrkst ymu! inb wìt irk t`k t`cnfs ymu

wcs` ymur igcay inb rcknbs cn t`k [nctkb Utitks emuab

kxpkrcknek wct` ymu=

• Omeus mn wìt t`k emgguncty ìs tm mkr! nmt wìt ct aiejs.



A Aea ka Ja

nmtks



\e Ep

smEciAknvcrmngknt

Smu–aa prmhihay onb tìt t`cs sketcmn rkqucrks frkitkr ainfuifk

ihcacty tìn ymu nkkbkb mr bcsemvkrcnf t`k hcmp`ysceia

inb kemnmgce iekts m ymur emgguncty. Ibbctcmniaay! ymu

giy knemuntkr cssuks tìt irk gmrk sknsctcvk tìn t`msk

rkaitkb scgpay tm hcmp`ysceia inb kemnmgce rkiags. Omr

t`k ietcvctcks suffkstkb cn t`k maamwcnf pifks! try tm meusmn knvcrmngkntia ginifkgknt tke`ncquks tìt skkg tm hk

euaturk'spkecoe! mn smecia rkaitcmns`cps! inb mn euaturia

pkrekptcmns tìt cnuknek ainb usk bkecscmns. Rry tm cnvmavk

i rinfk m emgguncty gkghkrs.



A Aea ka Ja

Emgguncty Eìnfk

w`y bm t`cs=

Rm akirn gmrk ihmut t`k `cstmrceia eìnfks cn ymur emgguncty.

wìt tm bm

Smu inb ymur wmrj pirtnkrs gcf`t try tm irrinfk skgcmrgiacntkrvckws m twm mr t`rkk kabkrs mn `mw ack cn t`k emgguncty

ìs eìnfkb scnek t`ky wkrk ymunf! inb `mw ct ìs rkgicnkb

t`k sigk. Rry tm meus mn igcay acvkac`mmb stritkfcks is

t`ky irk acnjkb tm t`k ameia nituria rksmurek hisk. Isj t`msk

cntkrvckwkb tm rkket mn `mw t`kcr wmrj bckrs rmg t`kcr

pirknts– inb frinbpirknts– wmrj. Omr kxigpak! ̀ krk irk skvkria

hrmib tmpces4

• Ainbseipk Eìnfks cn t`k Aist 5< Skirs

• @mw Oirgcnf @is Eìnfkb cn Mur Emgguncty

• @mw Eìnfks cn t`k Ainbseipk @ivk Cnuknekb Oirgcnf

• Oirgcnf \rietceks m Mur Inekstmrs


• Cnvmavk ymut` mr mt`kr frmups cn bmeugkntcnf t`k eìnfks

tìt ìvk meeurrkb. Rry tm unbkrstinb t`k pkrekptcmns

rkfirbcnf w`y eìnfk ìs meeurrkb inb w`kt`kr ct cs

pkrekcvkb is hkcnf i fmmb mr hib t`cnf.

• Isj pkmpak tm spkeuaitk mn t`k uturk.



\e Ep 6

nmtks



A Aea ka Ja

trinskEt

w`y bm t`cs=

Rm bcsemvkr ainb usk zmnks inb ainb ginifkgknt tke`ncquks

tìt irk acnjkb bcrketay wct` smecia ietmrs.

wìt tm bm[sk t`k jnmwakbfk ymu ̀ ivk ficnkb rmg t`k hcmp`ysceia inb

kemnmgce ietcvctcks tm cgifcnk i acnk t`rmuf` t`k emgguncty

ainbseipk. R`cnj m t`k trinsket is i ermss'sketcmnia vckw m

t`k ainbseipk. Itkr ymu wiaj t`k acnk ymurska! isj twm mr

t`rkk jnmwakbfkihak emgguncty gkghkrs tm wiaj ct wct`

ymu i skemnb tcgk. It vircmus pmcnts iamnf t`k ainbseipk

acnk! cbkntcy ainb usk prietceks! vkfktitcmn! ermps! incgias!witkr smureks! kte. Bkserchk eìnfks cn t`k ainbseipk wct`

rkspket tm4

• Emgguncty ruaks! wrcttkn mr unbkrstmmb! tìt fmvkrn ainb

usk cn t`k emgguncty inb rkismns mr t`ksk ruaks

• Euaturia ginifkgknt tke`ncquks acjk ermp rmtitcmns! iaamw

pkrcmbs! smcas tìt irk kisy mr bcoeuat tm euatcvitk! krmscmn

emntrma! inb witkr ginifkgknt

• Xkeknt ginifkgknt prietcek ibdustgknts (c iny# inb t`k

rkismn mr t`k ibdustgknt

8



< A Aea ka Ja

tc\s

• Ct giy hk ipprmprcitk tm bm gmrk t`in mnk trinsket cn airfk

emggunctcks inb tm bm t`kg wct` bckrknt ifk! skx! inb kt`nce frmups tm knsurk i uaa rkprkskntitcmn m pkrekptcmns

inb mpcncmns.

• Hk iwirk t`it i uaa biy (mr skvkria ̀ ia'biys# giy hk nkkbkb

tm bm t`cs kxkrecsk.

• Nmtk spkecks emgpmsctcmn inb w`kt`kr t`krk irk pittkrns

rkfirbcnf paint spkecks emgpmsctcmn inb mt`kr vircihaks!

sue` is prmxcgcty tm vcaaifk! smca typk! sampk! kte.



\e Ep

nmtks



8 A Aea ka Ja

tribctcmniAtkE`ncEiA JnmwAkbfk

w`y bm t`cs=

Rm akirn ihmut t`k rinfk m ameia tke`nceia jnmwakbfk! kspkeciaay

tribctcmnia jnmwakbfk! inb wct` w`mg ct rkscbks.

wìt tm bm

Vct` ymur wmrj pirtnkrs! onb inb cntkrvckw emgguncty kxpkrts!

pkmpak t`muf`t m is cnnmvitmrs mr kxpkrcgkntkrs! inb pkmpak

emnscbkrkb tm hk kspkeciaay prmoecknt cn smgk ispket m t`k

acvkac`mmbs tìt suppmrt t`k emgguncty. Bcseusscmn tmpces

gcf`t cneaubk4

• Ukkb sivcnf inb skaketcmn

• Umca ginifkgknt

• Acvkstmej jkkpcnf

• @untcnf inb fit`krcnf

• @kiacnf inb caankss prkvkntcmn

Rry tm akirn rmg mt`kr emgguncty gkghkrs w`y t`ksk

pkmpak irk emnscbkrkb kxpkrts! inb t`kn cntkrvckw t`k kxpkrts

t`kgskavks. \ut qukstcmns cn t`k emntkxt m t`k prmksscmn. Omr

kxigpak! cntkrvckwkrs gcf`t isj in kxpkrt irgkr4

• @mw wmuab ymu eìrietkrczk i fmmb irgkr= V`y irk smgk

irgkrs gmrk sueekssua tìn mt`krs=

• Vìt eìrietkrcstces s`muab fmmb ermpainb ìvk! inb `mw

bm ymu gicnticn t`msk quiactcks=

• Vìt inb `mw ìvk ymu akirnkb rmg mt`krs ihmut

irgcnf=



\e Ep

• Vìt bm ymu viauk t`k gmst ihmut t`k ack m irgcnf=

• V`y bm ymu irg rit`kr tìn bmcnf inmt`kr prmksscmn=

• Bmks rkacfcmn ìvk i rmak cn irgcnf= C sm! wìt cs ct=

tc\s

• Gijk surk tìt emgguncty kxpkrts cneaubk wmgkn inb gkn.

• R`cnj ihmut t`k tribctcmnia gmbks m emggunceitcmn inb

`mw cnmrgitcmn cs emnvkykb. Irk t`krk pkmpak cn t`k emg'guncty jnmwn mr t`kcr kxtrimrbcniry spkijcnf ihcacty!

pirtceuairay cn t`k ameia ainfuifk= Rry tm cnvmavk t`ksk

emgguncty gkghkrs cn emnvkycnf wìt ymu ìvk akirnkb

uscnf t`k mria tribctcmns m t`k ameia euaturk.

• _csuiaay rkprksknt ymur onbcnfs ihmut tribctcmnia tke`nceia

jnmwakbfk t`rmuf` picntcnf! briwcnf! seuapturk! mr mt`kr

gkbcugs. Isj emgguncty gkghkrs tm emggknt mn ymur wmrj.

• Ct cs cgpmrtint tm unbkrstinb tìt giny tribctcmnia emggu'

nctcks ìvk prietceks inb pkrekptcmns tìt ìvk i spcrctuia

hiscs. R`ksk hkacks ein hk vkry scfncoeint wct` rkfirb tm

`mw i emgguncty! mr in cnbcvcbuia wct`cn t`k emgguncty!

vckws t`k prmekss inb prmbuets m bkvkampgknt.

nmtks



A Aea ka Ja

vcscmn stitkgknts

w`y bm t`cs=

Rm akirn wìt pkmpak viauk cn t`kcr emggunctcks inb t`kcr cbkis

mr uturk bkvkampgknt.

wìt tm bmEmaaket i skrcks m vcscmn stitkgknts rmg pkmpak wct` w`mg

ymu ìvk kstihacs`kb i rkaitcmns`cp. R`ksk irk stitkgknts rmg

pkmpak cn t`k emgguncty ihmut uturk pmsschcactcks inb bcrketcmn

mr emgguncty bkvkampgknt. [sk wìt ymu ìvk akirnkb rmg

prkvcmus ietcvctcks tm erkitk rkakvint qukstcmns. Umgk cbkis mr

qukstcmns irk4

• Bkserchk wìt ymur emgguncty wmuab ammj acjk! inb `mw

pkmpak wmuab wmrj wct` kie` mt`kr! c ymu ̀ ib t`k pmwkr tm

gijk twm mr t`rkk scfncoeint eìnfks.

• Vìt irk t`k strknft`s m ymur emgguncty= @mw ein t`ksk

strknft`s hk uskb tm gijk t`k emgguncty in kvkn hkttkr

paiek tìn ct cs tmbiy cn w`ce` tm acvk inb ricsk i igcay=

• @mw wmuab ymu wint ymur rkspmnschcactcks tm t`k emggunctyinb tm ymur igcay tm eìnfk! c t`ky emuab eìnfk=

• Vìt wmuab ymu bm c ymu ìb gmrk tcgk cn i nmrgia biy=

tc\s

• Isj qukstcmns tìt iaamw rkspmnbknts tm inswkr cn tkrgs m wìt iarkiby kxcsts wct`cn t`k emgguncty! it akist cn pirt.

• Erkitk qukstcmns tìt kacect rkia pmsschcactcks cn t`k emggu'

ncty! rit`kr tìn intiscks.



\e Ep

• Isj qukstcmns tìt rkaket wìt ymu ìvk akirnkb ihmut

ymur emgguncty hut! it t`k sigk tcgk! eìaaknfk ymur

akirncnf.

nmtks



\e Ep 6

• Bm ymu skk bcserkpinecks hktwkkn wìt t`k euaturk siys ihmut

trkitgknt m t`k knvcrmngknt inb wìt cs prietcekb= @mw ein

ymu kxpaicn t`cs= Cs ct `ypmercsy mr smgkt`cnf kask=

tkE`nmAmfy

• @ivk ymu cbkntcokb irgkrs w`m ippkir tm usk rkfknkritcvk

ifrceuaturia tke`ncquks! c.k. irgcnf gkt`mbs tìt cgprmvk

t`k ainb rksmurek w`cak ct cs uskb tm frmw mmb= Vìt prie'

tceks cn pirtceuair gcf`t hk emnscbkrkb rkfknkritcvk= V`y

bm ymu t`cnj t`ksk irgkrs usk t`ksk prietceks w`cak mt`krs

bm nmt= Bkserchk t`ksk irgkrs inb t`kcr tke`ncquks.

• Ein ymu cbkntcy iny ifrceuaturia prietceks tìt ̀ ivk t`k nkt

kket m gicnticncnf mr prmgmtcnf hcmbcvkrscty mr! mn t`k

emntriry! iny tìt knbinfkr hcmbcvkrscty=



A Aea ka Ja

kbuEitcmn

• Bcb ymu onb iny nituria rksmurek emnskrvitcmn prietceks

tìt emuab hk uskua cn in knvcrmngkntia kbueitcmn

eurrceuaug=

• @ivk ymu gkt emgguncty gkghkrs w`m ymu t`cnj giy

hkemgk kketcvk knvcrmngkntia kbueitmrs=

bkvkAm\gknt

• V`kn t`cnjcnf ihmut bkvkampgknt stritkfcks cn ymur emg'

guncty! wìt hcmp`ysceia! kemnmgce! inb smecia ietmrs(spkecoe tm ymur emgguncty# rkiaay nkkb tm hk ibbrksskb=

• Vìt mptcmns bm ymu skk mr bkvkampgknt tìt ct

wct`cn ymur prmdket rigkwmrj= @mw irk t`ksk mptcmns

ipprmprcitk tm t`k wiy ymur emgguncty wmrjs! inb tm ymur

emgguncty–s nituria rksmurek isskts= Cn wìt wiys gcf`t

t`msk mptcmns nmt hk i fmmb ‑ot‗ wct` ymur emgguncty–s

wiy m mpkritcnf=

• Cn tkrgs m ymur wmrj is i _mauntkkr! fcvkn wìt ymu ìvk

akirnkb sm ir! wìt cs ymur nkxt stkp= @mw ein ymu hucab

mn wìt ymu ìvk akirnkb ihmut t`k ameia knvcrmngknt=

tc\s• Xkvckw ymur akirncnf mnek ificn. Nmtk pmcnts tìt irk

uneakir! emncetcnf! inb kspkeciaay cntkrkstcnf! w`krk

ymu gcf`t hk gcstijkn! bmuhts! w`krk inb w`y ymu kat

fmmb! kte.

• Bkserchk wiys cn w`ce` ymur cnctcia emnekpts m pkmpak–s

cntkrietcmns wct` t`kcr knvcrmngknt ìvk hkkn eìaaknfkb.



\e Ep

nmtks



< A Aea ka Ja



\e Ep

i\\knbcx i ―

iEtcvctcks omr

ourt`kr Akirncnf

Emgguncty knvcrmngkntiA smurEkhmmJ

R`cs prmdket ein hk cnctcitkb wct` vircmus emgguncty gkghkrs

inb frmups. R`k cbki m in knvcrmngkntia smurekhmmj cs tm

bmeugknt emgguncty jnmwakbfk cn vcsuia inb erkitcvk wiys

inb gijk ct ieeksschak tm emgguncty gkghkrs tm pmnbkr inb

bcseuss. Uuffkstcmns mr pmtkntcia frmups tm cnvmavk cneaubk

stubknts m iaa ifks! ymut` mrfinczitcmns! wmgkn–s frmups!

irgkrs– issmecitcmns! rkacfcmus mrfinczitcmns! inb mt`kr emg'

guncty'hiskb mrfinczitcmns. I Emgguncty Knvcrmngkntia

Umurekhmmj bmks nmt nkekssircay nkkb tm hk cn i eaissce hmmj

mrgit! iat`muf` t`it cs in mptcmn. Cn emndunetcmn wct` t`k emg'

guncty frmup! t`cnj m erkitcvk wiys tm bcspaiy t`k cnmrgitcmninb tm rkprksknt pkmpak cn t`k emgguncty.

AmEiA \Aint \rkss

R`k hisce gitkrcias nkkbkb mr emnstruetcnf i paint prkss irk4

• Nkwspipkr

• Ukvkria pckeks m emrrufitkb eirbhmirb (5< ekntcgktkrs hy

2; ekntcgktkrs cs i stinbirb sczk#

• Utrips mr emrbs

• \aywmmb mr aittcek gibk m wmmbkn ait`s (eut tm 5< ekntc'

gktkrs hy 2; ekntcgktkrs#

Aki sigpaks s`muab hk put cn t`k prkss wct`cn i kw `mursm t`kcr emaaketcmn. \aiek t`k sigpak hktwkkn skvkria s`kkts

m nkwspipkr. Uinbwce` t`k sigpak hktwkkn twm eirbhmirb

skpiritmrs. \aiek inmt`kr sigpak mn t`k cp scbk m mnk m t`k



8 A Aea ka Ja

skpiritmrs inb rkpkit t`k prmekss untca ymu ̀ ivk prkpirkb iaa t`k

sigpaks ymu ìvk fit`krkb mr t`k biy. Uigpaks wct` t`cejkr

stkgs mr sgiaa ructs ein hk ieemggmbitkb hy cnskrtcnf pckeks

m mig ruhhkr hktwkkn t`k nkwspipkr inb eirbhmirb skpiri'tmr. Hcnb t`k prkss tmfkt`kr wct` t`k strips. E`kej sigpaks

bicay inb eìnfk iny bigp nkwspipkr. Xkgmvk t`kg w`kn

t`ky irk bry. Cn pirtceuairay ̀ ugcb emnbctcmns! bry t`k sigpaks

w`krk bry `kit cs ivicaihak! k.f.! wkaa ihmvk mr hkscbk (nmt tmm

eamsk)# i emmjcnf ork. Utc w`ctk pipkr wmrjs hkst mr gmunt'

cnf. \aints ein hk gmuntkb uscnf stcejy tipk mr ruhhkr ekgknt.

Iox i aihka tìt cneaubks cnmrgitcmn mn t`k nigk(s# m t`k

paint! bitk m emaaketcmn! tricts uskb hy ameia pkmpak tm cbkntcy

t`k paint! inb t`k paint–s ìhctit. Cneaubk mt`kr cntkrkstcnf

eìrietkrcstces inb usks.

ìnbwrcttkn rkibcnf hmmJs

Knvcrmngkntia tmpces tìt rkket emgguncty cntkrksts ein hk i frkit ibbctcmn tm actkriey prmdkets mr prcgiry se`mma

stubknts mr mt`kr scgcair kbueitcmnia usks. C t`krk cs i skemnb'

iry se`mma cn t`k irki! stubknts ein wrctk inb caaustritk t`k

hmmjs inb piss t`kg mn tm mt`krs w`m irk akirncnf tm rkib.

R`cs cs i frkit wiy tm cnvmavk t`k w`mak emgguncty cn t`k

kbueitcmn prmekss.

skkb oicrs

Ukkb icrs ein `kap erkitk in iwirknkss m t`k rce` hcmamfceia

bcvkrscty tìt kxcsts igmnf emgguncty irgcnf systkgs. Oirg'

krs ein akirn rmg mnk inmt`kr ihmut t`k vircmus eìrietkrcstces

m skkb vircktcks inb kxpamrk ̀ mw t`k bckrknt vircktcks gicnticn

inb cnerkisk t`k rkscacknek m ameia irgcnf systkgs t`rmuf`

fknktce bcvkrscty. Omr gmrk cnmrgitcmn! emntiet ymur issmecitk

\kiek Emrps bcrketmr mr wrctk tm t`k Ekntrk mr Xkskire` inb

Cnmrgitcmn mn Amw'Kxtkrnia Cnput inb Uusticnihak Ifrceua'

turk (www.cakci.mrf#! \M Hmx 8<?6! 50<< EH Igkrsmmrt! R`k

Nkt`krainbs! mr k'gica cakciLcakci.na.



A Aea ka Ja

`ib hkttkr girjkt cnmrgitcmn. Umgk fknbkr'sknsctcvk ietcvc'

tcks giy iatkr fknbkr rmaks. Rricncnf wmgkn tm mpkritk i skkb

hinj giy erkitk emgpktctcmn cn t`k skttcnf m w`maksiak fricn

prceks! inb cntrmbuek wmgkn cntm t`cs giak'bmgcnitkb okab m emggkrek.



\e Ep

i\\knbcx E ―

ibbctcmniA rkibcnf

. Hucabcnf Emggunctcks ormg t`k Cnscbk Mut4 I \it`

Rmwirb Ocnbcnf inb Gmhcaczcnf i Emgguncty–s Isskts.

Dm`n \. Jrktzginn inb Dm`n A. GeJncf`t. (IERI \uhacei'

tcmns# 9335. 56? pp.

Fucbk tm isskt'hiskb emgguncty bkvkampgknt! suggircz'

cnf akssmns akirnkb hy stubycnf sueekssua emgguncty'

hucabcnf cnctcitcvks cn `unbrkbs m [.U. nkcf`hmr`mmbs.

Mutacnks w`it ameia emggunctcks ein bm tm stirt t`kcr mwn

isskt'hiskb bkvkampgknt! cneaubcnf ̀ mw tm rkbcsemvkr t`kcr

ameia isskts: ̀ mw tm emghcnk inb gmhcaczk t`ksk strknft`s:

inb ̀ mw ‑mutscbkrs‗ cn fmvkrngknt ein kketcvkay emntrch'

utk tm t`k prmekss m isskt'hiskb bkvkampgknt.

8. Euaturk Gittkrs4 R`k \kiek Emrps Ermss'Euaturia Vmrj'

hmmj. Ericf Utmrtc inb Aiurkttk Hknn`mab'Uigiin. (\kiek

Emrps CEK# 9336. 8;? pp. ZCEK \uhaceitcmn Nm. R<<06W

\rietceia! cntkrietcvk wmrjhmmj mr \E_s cn iaa prmfrigs.

Fucbks t`k rkibkr t`rmuf` t`k ermss'euaturia kxpkrcknek

inb t`rmuf` t`k gidmr emnekpts cn t`k cntkreuaturia okab!inb prksknts kxkrecsks! stmrcks! qumtitcmns! inb bksercptcvk

tkxt bkscfnkb tm icb t`k _mauntkkr cn sueekssuaay ibiptcnf

tm t`k nkw euaturk.



A Aea ka Ja

. Fknbkr inb Bkvkampgknt Rricncnf: Fcras– Kbueitcmn.

(\kiek Emrps CEK# 9330. _ircmus pifks. ZCEK \uhaceitcmn

Nm. G<<;2W

I prmbuet m t`k Fknbkr inb Bkvkampgknt Rricncnf

Cnctcitcvk! w`ce` skkjs tm cnstctutcmniaczk t`k emnscbkritcmn

m fknbkr cssuks t`rmuf`mut t`k \kiek Emrps. Emnticns

kcf`t hmmjakts mn fknbkr inb bkvkampgknt! w`ce` prmvcbk

hiejfrmunb inb bkvkampgknt m prmdkets! tricncnf bkscfns

mr vircmus pirtcecpints! sksscmn pains inb ìnbmuts! inb

cnscf`ts rmg t`k okab. Omur ibbctcmnia hmmjakts ibbrkss

fcras– kbueitcmn.

. \IEI4 [scnf \irtcecpitmry Iniayscs omr Emgguncty

Ietcmn. (\kiek Emrps CEK# 8<<;. 960 pp. ZCEK \uhaceitcmn

Nm. G<<0?W inb \irtcecpitmry Iniayscs omr Emgguncty

Ietcmn (\IEI# Rricncnf Ginuia. (\kiek Emrps CEK# 8<<6.

828 pp. ZCEK \uhaceitcmn Nm. G<<;5W

\irtcecpitmry Iniayscs mr Emgguncty Ietcmn (\IEI# cs inipprmie` uskb tm iecactitk emggunctcks– kxpamritcmn m

t`kcr mwn rkiactcks cn mrbkr tm tijk ietcmn mr eìnfks t`ky

bkscrk. Hiskb mn kirackr pirtcecpitmry iniayscs gkt`mbs!

sue` is Xipcb Xuria Ippricsia inb \irtcecpitmry Xuria

Ippricsia! \IEI turns t`k ippricsia ietcvcty cntm i prmekss

w`krk t`k bkvkampgknt ifknt inb t`k emgguncty bkvkamp

i pirtnkrs`cp tìt akibs tm emgguncty emntrma m cts mwn prmdkets. Is i bkoncnf erctkrcmn! \IEI bcstcnfucs`ks t`k

rmak m fknbkr cn bkvkampgknt hy ippaycnf t`k pirtcecpitmry

kxkrecsks wct` skpiritk frmups m wmgkn inb gkn! fcras inb

hmys! w`ce` iaamws t`k emgguncty gkghkrs tm emgpirk

inb iniayzk tmfkt`kr t`k rmaks tìt sìpk t`kcr rkiacty. Cn

scgcair wiys! \IEI ein hk uskb tm unbkrstinb ifk! kt`nce'

cty! mr iny mt`kr smurek m smecktia bckrkntcitcmn tìt ìs

cgpaceitcmns mr bkvkampgknt. R`k tmmas ein hk uskb cnse`mmas! mrfinczitcmns! cnstctutcmns! inb iny mt`kr frmup!

ruria mr urhin! w`krk bckrknt vmceks nkkb tm hk `kirb.



\e Ep 6

. \mwkr! \rmekss inb \irtcecpitcmn4 Rmmas omr Eìnfk.

Xie`ka Uameug inb Amrc Vceìrt! kbctmrs. (CR \uhaceitcmns!

Atb.# 933;. 8;9 pp.

Cntknbkb tm prmvcbk pirtcecpitmry tmmas tìt wcaa fcvk vmcek

tm t`msk kxeaubkb rmg bkecscmn'gijcnf prmekssks inb

emntrma m erctceia rksmureks. Cneaubks wiys m knemurif'

cnf t`k akss pmwkrua tm trinsaitk t`kcr kxpkrckneks inb

cntkrksts cntm ietcmn. Bcseussks pmwkr rkaitcmns`cps wct`cn

i emgguncty inb hktwkkn ameia cnstctutcmns inb mutscbkrs.

\iys eamsk ittkntcmn tm fknbkr cssuks.



. Xkemrbcnf inb [scnf Cnbcfknmus Jnmwakbfk4 I

Ginuia. (CCXX \uhaceitcmns# 933?. 899 pp.

\rmvcbks t`k cnmrgitcmn inb tmmas tm cntkfritk cnbcfknmus

jnmwakbfk cntm bkvkampgknt wmrj. Bkserchks gmrk t`in

5< gkt`mbs mr rkemrbcnf inb issksscnf cnbcfknmus

jnmwakbfk inb 99 gcnc'eisk stubcks t`it s`mw `mw

prmdkets ein hucab mn cnbcfknmus jnmwakbfk. Omeusks

mn giny ispkets m cnbcfknmus jnmwakbfk! cneaubcnf

ifrceuaturk! acvkstmej rkircnf! mmb prkpiritcmn! inb

nituria rksmurek ginifkgknt.

6. Rmmas omr t`k Ockab4 Gkt`mbmamfcks @inbhmmj omr Fknbkr

Iniayscs cn Ifrceuaturk. @cairy Ucgs Okabstkcn inb Dincek

Dcffcns! kbctmrs. (Jugircin \rkss# 9332. 86< pp.

I emaaketcmn m okab kxigpaks m fknbkr'rkaitkb rkskire`

meuscnf mn ifrceuaturia prmdkets. \rmvcbks emnerktk

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