peak car: implications for policy david metz centre for transport studies university college london
TRANSCRIPT
Peak Car: implications for policy
David Metz
Centre for Transport Studies
University College London
Policy context of Smarter Travel
• Promote economic growth• Accommodate population growth• Enhance sustainability• Foster wellbeing • What kind of a place do we want to be?• What options do we have?
– ‘Big City’– ‘Smaller City’– Others
London population growth
Car traffic and use in London
Peak Car in the City
• Key policies– No additional road capacity; control parking– Invest in rail, attractive for travel to work
• London thrives while car use declines• Peak Car marks transition from travel demand
driven by income to dominance of demography• Not just London – Manchester, Birmingham
Birminghaminbound trips per day to city centre 0730-0930
Manchesterinbound trips per day to city centre 0730-0930
Higher urban population densities
• Agglomeration economics– increased productivity through larger pool of skills – access to specialised goods, services, infrastructure– exchange and diffusion of knowledge, ideas [role of
universities]
• Cultural agglomeration• More social interaction• More sustainable
The problem of the smaller city
• Public transport limited, rail expensive• Competing with nearby cities for car-based retail
customers• High level of car dependence, detrimental to
sense of place• Better accommodate cars?• Discourage cars to promote agglomeration?• What alternatives to the car for work journeys?
Options for smaller cities
• BRT – Latin America• Cycling – Netherlands, Denmark• Trams – France• Buses - Brighton
• Age-friendly Cities • Inclusive Design• People-friendly cities: people management, not
traffic management
Conclusions
• Successful Big Cities have growing populations and declining car use
• Rail and BRT are attractive alternatives to car on congested roads for work journeys
• Demographic factors of increasing importance: population growth, increasing longevity
• Need better understanding of possible solutions for smaller cities