performance support in science and engineering
TRANSCRIPT
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7/31/2019 Performance support in Science and Engineering
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ifdz~`x
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Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
4: Yik`oi` don @obko``xkob
Dyfgl HDo`xmk
^fky ifdz~`x `vdako`y udxkgpy dyz`i~y ge z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ rk~fko ~f` ngadko ge
yik`oi` don `obko``xkob/ ^f` kazgx~do~ ifdxdi~`xky~kiy ge z`xegxadoi`!`ofdoikob
~dyl!`v`ip~kgo `oukxgoa`o~y dx` x`uk`r`n don d pok`n ypzzgx~ agn`c ky zx`y`o~`n kogxn`x ~g n`yixkh` ~f`a/ Di~kuk~k`y ko yik`oi` don `obko``xkob kougcu` nkee`x`o~ n`bx``y
ge koegxad~kgo zxgi`yykob/ Koegxad~kgo don logrc`nb` ypzzgx~ dx` ~f`x`egx` d ixpikdc
dyz`i~ ge ~f` rgxl pon`x~dl`o h{ agn`xo yik`oi` don `obko``xkob zxge`yykgodcy/ ^f`
`obko``xkob ngadko ky epx~f`x igazckid~`n h{ ~f` o``n ~g zxgukn` z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~
edikck~k`y ~fd~ a``~ ~f` x`tpkx`a`o~y ge d rkn` yz`i~xpa ge ylkccy don `vz`x~ky` go ~f`
zdx~ ge ~f`kx py`xy/ Egx ~fky zpxzgy` d hxgdn xdob` ge ypzzgx~ ~ggcy don ~`ifogcgbk`y dx`
dudkcdhc` ~g edikck~d~` ee`i~ku` don eik`o~ z`xegxadoi`/ Udxkgpy vdazc`y ge z`xegxadoi`
`ofdoi`a`o~ dx` n`yixkh`n don d yfgx~ idy` y~pn{ ky zx`y`o~`n/
k~npi~
Ko x`i`o~ {`dxy# igazp~`xy don igaapokid~kgo ~`ifogcgbk`y fdu` h``o koix`dykobc{ py`n
~g edikck~d~` don dp~gad~` ado{ igaago ~dyly ~fd~ z`gzc` z`xegxa/ Ko edi~# ogrdnd{y#
~`ifogcgb{ fdy h`iga` dcagy~ phktpk~gpy don z`gzc` dx` ge~`o podrdx` ge k~y pon`xc{kob
p~kck~{/ Igoykn`x# egx vdazc`# ~f` u`x{nd{ ~dyl ge rk~fnxdrkob idyf exga d hdol/ Koy~`dn
ge bgkob ko~g d zdx~kipcdx hxdoif ge ~f` hdol don `ahdxlkob go d edi`!~g!edi` ~xdoydi~kgo
rk~f d hdol ic`xl# ado{ z`gzc` ogr py` do D^A ~fd~ ky# do dp~gad~`n ~`cc`x adifko`/
^fky kougcu`y koy`x~kob do dzzxgzxkd~` z`xygodc kn`o~k~{ idxn ko~g ~f` adifko`# pykob d
l`{zdn ~g `o~`x ~f` dii`yy ign` egx ~f` diigpo~ ~g h` n`hk~`n don ~f`o yz`ike{kob ~f`
dagpo~ ge idyf x`tpkx`n/ Zxgukn`n ~fd~ ~f` dii`yy ign` ~f` ipy~ga`x `o~`xy ky igxx`i~ don
ypeik`o~ epony dx` dudkcdhc` ko ~f` ipy~ga`xy diigpo~ &don ko ~f` D^A+# ~f` x`tpkx`n
dagpo~ ge idyf ky nkyz`oy`n dcagy~ kaa`nkd~`c{/ Ko ~fky `vdazc`# ado{ ge ~f` ~dyly ~fd~
r`x` zx`ukgpyc{ z`xegxa`n adopdcc{ h{ d ic`xl ko ~f` hdol fdu` ogr h``o x`zcdi`n h{
`tpkudc`o~ ~dyly kougcukob ~f` py` ge D^A ~`ifogcgb{/ Gxkbkodcc{# ~f`y` ~dyly kougcu`n=
pykob d ipy~ga`xy ykbod~px` &egx kn`o~k~{ don diigpo~ u`xkid~kgo+# if`ilkob don
pznd~kob ~f` hdcdoi` ko ~f` ipy~ga`xy diigpo~ don ~f` adopdc fdongu`x ge idyf ~g ~f`
ipy~ga`x/ Ogrdnd{y# ~f`y` gz`xd~kgoy dx` dcc z`xegxa`n dp~gad~kidcc{ pykob igazp~`x
don igaapokid~kgo ~`ifogcgbk`y/ ^f` D^A!hdy`n ~xdoydi~kgo y{y~`a fdy x`agu`n ~f`
o``n egx do{ edi`!~g!edi` fpado ko~`xdi~kgo &h`~r``o ~f` hdol ic`xl don ~f` ipy~ga`x+
h{ adlkob ~f` idyf rk~fnxdrdc zxgi`yy do dp~gad~`n y`ce!y`xuki` di~kuk~{/ Go` ge ~f`
dnudo~db`y ge ~f` D^A dp~gad~kgo zxgi`yy ky ~f` x`npi~kgo ko `xxgxy ~fd~ ido dxky` dy
Ifdz~`x 4:/konn 4;9 4:'8'8:48 6=4>=>2 DA
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7/31/2019 Performance support in Science and Engineering
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4;> ` c i ~ i Z e a d i y pz z ~
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Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
d x`ypc~ ge yfgx~igakoby ko podkn`n fpado z`xegxadoi` &ko ~`xay ge ~f` aky~dl`y ~fd~
akbf~ h` adn` h{ ~f` hdol ic`xl+/ Epx~f`xagx`# ~f` dp~gad~`n y{y~`a fdy `ofdoi`n ~f`
c`u`c ge igou`ok`oi` egx k~y ipy~ga`xy dy d x`ypc~ ge koix`dy`n dii`yykhkck~{ h{ `odhckob
~f`a ~g rk~fnxdr idyf d~ do{ ~ka` ge nd{ don d~ d rkn`x xdob` ge y`xuki` cgid~kgoy/
^f` D^A `vdazc` n`yixkh`n dhgu` kccpy~xd~`y fgr ~f` n`zcg{a`o~ ge igazp~`x donigaapokid~kgo ~`ifogcgbk`y ido h` py`n ~g `ofdoi` ~f` z`xegxadoi` ge hg~f d hdolkob
gxbdokyd~kgo don k~y ipy~ga`xy/ ^fky ky do kazgx~do~ ~{z` ge dzzckid~kgo ko hpyko`yy don
igaa`xi`< epx~f`x `vdazc`y ge dzzckid~kgoy ko ~f`y` dx`dy dx` nkyipyy`n ko Ifdz~`xy
44 don 48/ Ko igo~xdy~# ~fky ifdz~`x n`dcy rk~f z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ dzzckid~kgoy ko
yik`oi` don `obko``xkob/ Dzzckid~kgoy ko ~f`y` dx`dy dx` h`igakob agx` kougcu`n don
n`adonkob/ ^fky fdy ~f`x`egx` fdn d ykbokido~ kazdi~ go ~f` z`xegxadoi` ge ~f`
x`y`dxif`xy don `obko``xy kougcu`n ko ~f`y` dx`dy/ H`dxkob ~fky ko akon# ~f` pon`xc{kob
bgdcy ge ~fky ifdz~`x dx`= &4+ ~g vzcgx` ~f` zxgi`yy`y kougcu`n ko ~f` dzzckid~kgo ge yik`oi`
don ~f`o kn`o~ke{ zgyykhc` igazp~`x!ypzzgx~`n di~kuk~k`y rf`x` z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~
~`ifoktp`y ad{ h` dzzck`n# don &8+ ~g nkyipyy igazp~`x ypzzgx~ ko `obko``xkob zxgi`yy`y zdx~kipcdxc{ ~fgy` py`n ko konpy~xkdc igo~`v~y/ H`idpy` ge ~f`kx kazgx~doi`# ~fky ifdz~`x
n`yixkh`y `vdazc`y ge z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ rk~fko `dif ge ~f` dhgu` ~{z`y ge dzzckid~kgo
dx`d/ K~ dcyg n`yixkh`y ~f`kx dnudo~db`y don gee`xy ypbb`y~kgoy egx n`u`cgzkob dzzxgzxkd~`
~`ifogcgb{!hdy`n ypzzgx~ edikck~k`y rk~fko yik`oi` don `obko``xkob y`~~koby/
^ Pen Anc e Zeadi ypzz~
Gxkbkodcc{# ~f` igoi`z~ gez`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ rdy ko~xgnpi`n ~g dnnx`yy zxghc`ay
dyygikd~`n rk~f= kazxgukob ~f` `dy`!ge!py` ge ~`ifogcgb{!hdy`n y{y~`ay# zxguknkob
ypzzgx~ egx ~dyl z`xegxadoi` don f`czkob ~g edikck~d~` c`dxokob zxgi`yy`y/ L``zkob ~f`y`x`tpkx`a`o~y ko akon# k~ ky rkn`c{ dbx``n ~fd~ z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ y{y~`ay yfgpcn fdu`
~fx`` zxkadx{ ifdxdi~`xky~kiy &Hdxl`x don Hdo`xmk# 4;;0+=
~f`{ yfgpcn `odhc` z`gzc` ~g z`xegxa ~dyly tpkilc{ &h`idpy` z`xegxadoi`!`ofdoikob
~ggcy yfgpcn h` dhc` ~g zxgukn` ko~`bxd~`n ~dyl y~xpi~pxkob# nd~d# logrc`nb` don ~ggcy
d~ ~f` ~ka` ge o``n+ 4:'8'8:48 6=4>=>2 DA
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4;0yi i d n `b b
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Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
~fgy` ~fd~ dx` n`ykbo`n dxgpon ~f`kx py`xy o``ny don rkcc ~fpy kougcu` py`x!i`o~x`n n`ykbo
zxkoikzc`y/ Epx~f`xagx`# ypif y{y~`ay rkcc `ah`n zxgi`yy`y ge koix`a`o~dc kazxgu`a`o~
rfkif `odhc` igo~kopgpy gobgkob x`o`a`o~ dy d x`ypc~ ge e``nhdil x`cd~kob ~g ~f`~dxb`~ y{y~`ay z`xegxadoi`/
Ko d z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ y{y~`a# ado{ ge ~f` igoy~xdko~y kazgy`n h{ ~f`
z`xegxadoi` hdxxk`xy n`yixkh`n dhgu` ido h` x`npi`n &ke og~ `o~kx`c{ x`agu`n+ h{
yideegcnkob ~fd~ ky# ~f` zxgukykgo ge dzzxgzxkd~` ypzzgx~ koexdy~xpi~px`y/ @vdazc`y ge
~f`y` ido h` egpon ko py` ko ado{ nku`xy` nkyikzcko`y/ {zkidc vdazc`y koicpn` hpyko`yy
y{y~`ay n`u`cgza`o~# nd~d agn`cckob don zxgi`yykob# adodb`a`o~ koegxad~kgo
y{y~`a n`ykbo# `v`ip~ku` koegxad~kgo y{y~`a n`ykbo# n`ikykgo ypzzgx~# `vz`x~ y{y~`ay#
dx~kikdc ko~`cckb`oi`# igazp~`x!hdy`n c`dxokob y{y~`ay# apc~ka`nkd y{y~`ay# zxgi`yy
agn`cckob'x`!`obko``xkob# don ukx~pdc x`zx`y`o~d~kgo ~g oda` mpy~ d e`r/ B`o`xki
ypzzgx~ ~ggcy ~{zkidcc{ b`o`xd~`n h{ ~f`y` nkyikzcko`y koicpn` ~f` `vdazc`y cky~`n ko
^dhc` 4:/4/ Rk~fko ~fky ~dhc` `dif igcpao &D ~fxgpbf E+ x`zx`y`o~y d zdx~kipcdx b`o`xkidzzxgdif ~g zxguknkob d z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ ygcp~kgo/ ^f`y` ykv id~`bgxk`y ng# ko
edi~# x`zx`y`o~ ~f` igazc`~` z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ yz`i~xpa exga ~xdkokob ~g ~dyl!
dp~gad~kgo ~ggcy/
Rk~fko ~f` pok`n agn`c# ~f` igoi`z~ ge z`xegxadoi` n`ik`oi{ ky ko~xgnpi`n/
^fky ky n`o`n# egx do{ bku`o ~dyl!`v`ip~kgo zxgi`yy# dy ~f` nkee`x`oi` h`~r``o ~f` kn`dc
y~d~` &`vi`cc`o~ ~dyl igazc`~kgo+ don ~f` di~pdc y~d~` &rfkif d z`xegxa`x fdzz`oy ~g h` ko
npxkob ~dyl `v`ip~kgo+=
z`xegxadoi` n`ik`oi{ 1 |kn`dc y~d~` di~pdc y~d~`q
Ekbp 4:/4 Hky g egao
d H i N ` E
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~hc 4:/4 ~ ypa ge egao ypg gyykhkckky
Ifdz~`x 4:/konn 4;0 4:'8'8:48 6=4>=>2 DA
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4;5 ` c i ~ i Z e a d i y pz z ~
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Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
A`dypxkob ~f` tpdo~k~{ &kn`dc y~d~` di~pdc y~d~`+ ky i`o~xdc ~g z`xegxadoi`!zxghc`a
dodc{yky don kn`o~ke{kob z`xegxadoi` bdzy/ fky x`tpkx`y agok~gxkob ~f` z`xegxadoi` ge ~fgy`
rfg ygcu` zxghc`ay don# rf`x` dzzckidhc`# a`dypxkob ~f` `ee`i~ ~fd~ ~f`kx ygcp~kgoy fdu`
go gu`xdcc gxbdokyd~kgodc z`xegxadoi`/ Ko ~fky igo~`v~# ~f` bdz &don ~f`x`egx` z`xegxadoi`
n`ik`oi{+ ido h` a`dypx`n hg~f ko tpdo~k~d~ku` ~`xay &~ka`# tpdck~{# `xxgx igpo~# diikn`o~ gxedkcpx` xd~`y don igy~+ don ko tpdck~d~ku` ~`xay &igou`ok`oi` don yd~kyedi~kgo c`u`c+ hg~f exga
~f` z`xyz`i~ku` ge do `azcg{``'zxghc`a!ygcu`x don do `azcg{`x'ick`o~/ Ge igpxy`# k~ ky dcyg
kazgx~do~ ~g igoykn`x ~f` x`ypc~do~ y~d~` ~fd~ dxky`y de~`x ~dyl `v`ip~kgo/ Ke# egx yga` x`dygo#
k~ ky og~ zgyykhc` ~g difk`u` ~f` kn`dc y~d~`# ~f`o ~f` nkee`x`oi` h`~r``o ~f` x`ypc~do~don kn`dc
y~d~`y rkcc x``i~ d yfgx~edcc ko z`xegxadoi` ~fd~ ad{ yfgr pz dy d x`npi~kgo ko tpdck~{ ge
~f` odc gp~iga` ge ~dyl z`xegxadoi`/ Egx `vdazc`# d yrkaa`x rfg ky og~ dhc` ~g difk`u`
d zx`ukgpyc{ d~~dko`n z`xygodc h`y~ x`zx`y`o~y d yfgx~edcc ko z`xegxadoi`/
^f` hdxxk`xy ~g z`xegxadoi` n`zki~`n ko Ekbpx` 4:/4 ido dxky` exga d opah`x ge
ygpxi`y# egx `vdazc`=
~f` bdzy ~fd~ `vky~ ko d z`xygoy logrc`nb` ge ~f` rgxl'zxghc`a yzdi`< d cdil ge dii`yy ~g x`c`udo~ koegxad~kgo don nd~d< do kodhkck~{ ~g adl` diipxd~`'igxx`i~ n`ikykgoy< d cdil ge pon`xy~donkob ge rgxlzcdi` zxgi`yy`y< do kodhkck~{ ~g `y~dhckyf z`xygodc'gxbdokyd~kgodc bgdcy< don do kodhkck~{ ~g ygcu` zxghc`ay rk~fko ~f` rgxl ngadko/
Rk~fko ~f` igo~`v~ ge d fpado!di~kuk~{ y{y~`a# z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ ido h` ~fgpbf~
ge dy d y`~ ge zxgi`yy`y ~fd~ dx` n`ykbo`n ~g kazxgu` ~f` z`xa`dhkck~{ ge ~f` z`xegxadoi`
hdxxk`xy &y`` Ekbpx` 4:/4+ rfkif d z`xygo `oigpo~`xy dy ~f`{ d~~`az~ ~g diigazckyf d
zxghc`a!ygcukob ~dyl/ Ko agy~ yk~pd~kgoy# `ee`i~ku` z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ rkcc n`z`onixk~kidcc{ pzgo d n`ykbo`xy dhkck~{ ~g= &4+ agn`c ~f` ~dyl ko tp`y~kgo< &8+ hpkcn d zxgc` ge
~f` z`xygo kougcu`n ko z`xegxakob ~f` ~dyl< don &9+ kn`o~ke{ do dzzxgzxkd~` z`xegxadoi`!
kazxgu`a`o~ ko~`xu`o~kgo/ K~ dcyg kougcu`y a`dypxkob l`{ z`xegxadoi` konkid~gxy don
pykob ~f` x`ypc~y ge ~f`y` ghy`xud~kgoy ~g zxgukn` igo~kopgpyc{ dzzck`n igxx`i~ku` di~kgoy
~fd~ ypzzgx~ ~f` gu`xdcc z`xegxadoi` ge ~f` z`xygo rfg ky `v`ip~kob ~f` ~dyl/ Od~pxdcc{#
kazxgukob ~f` z`xa`dhkck~{ ge ~f` z`xegxadoi` hdxxk`xy kougcu`y igo~kopgpyc{ a`dypxkob
d zxghc`a!ygcu`xy y~d~` rk~f x`yz`i~ ~g ~f`kx zgyk~kgo rk~fko ~f` x`c`udo~ ~dyl yzdi`/ ^fky
ad{ x`tpkx`# egx `vdazc`# a`dypxkob ~f` ~ka` k~ ~dl`y egx ~f` z`xygo kougcu`n ~g nkyigu`x
d ygcp~kgo &~g ~f` zxghc`a ko fdon+ zcpy ~f` ~ka` k~ ~dl`y ko gxn`x egx ~fd~ z`xygo ~g
`v`ip~` ~f` di~pdc ygcp~kgo ~fd~ fdy h``o y`c`i~`n/ Npxkob ~f` ~dyl `v`ip~kgo zxgi`yy#
~f` ypzzgx~ y{y~`a apy~ igo~kopdcc{ igazdx` ~f` di~pdc ipxx`o~ y{y~`a y~d~` &d~ do{
zdx~kipcdx ~ka`+ rk~f ~f` kn`dc &~dxb`~ gx ygpbf~!de~`x+ y~d~` don ~f`o x`yzgon ko do
dzzxgzxkd~` rd{ h{ zxguknkob ~f` koegxad~kgo ~fd~ ky o``n`n egx `a`xbkob y~d~`y ge ~f`
y{y~`a ~g adz go ~g ~f` kn`dc y~d~` ke kon``n# ~fky ky e`dykhc`/
Ko ado{ z`xegxadoi` kazxgu`a`o~ yk~pd~kgoy# igxx`i~ku` di~kgo fdy ~g h` dzzck`n
ko gxn`x ~g x`dcky` do kazxgu`a`o~ ko h`fdukgpx ~fky ky `yy`o~kdcc{ d igo~xgc yk~pd~kgo
exga ~f` z`xyz`i~ku` ge pykob do @c`i~xgoki Z`xegxadoi` Ypzzgx~ Y{y~`a &@ZYY+/ Ko agy~
igo~xgc yk~pd~kgoy# zgyk~ku` e``nhdil ky py`n ~g x`koegxi` ~f` nkx`i~kgo ge zxgbx`yy ~g rfkif
k~ x`e`xy/ Ykakcdxc{# o`bd~ku` e``nhdil ky py`n ~g kofkhk~ zxgbx`yy ko do koigxx`i~ nkx`i~kgo/
Dy n`zki~`n ko Ekbpx` 4:/8# o`bd~ku` e``nhdil ky py`n ~g zx`u`o~ ~f` goy`~ ge pon`ykxdhc`
y~d~`y/ Ko ~fky yk~pd~kgo# o`bd~ku` e``nhdil c`dny ~g igxx`i~ku` di~kgo/
Ifdz~`x 4:/konn 4;5 4:'8'8:48 6=4>=>2 DA
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4;2yi i d n `b b
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Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
Rk~fko do{ fpado!di~kuk~{ y{y~`a ~g rfkif z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ ky h`kob dzzck`n# k~ ky
kazgx~do~ ~g igoykn`x ~f` xgc`y zcd{`n h{ hg~f ~f` fpado don ~f` igazp~`x igazgo`o~y
ko x`cd~kgo ~g ~f` x`dckyd~kgo ge ~f` gu`xdcc y{y~`a bgdcy/ ^fpy# ko d z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~
yk~pd~kgo# ~f` fpado don igazp~`x igazgo`o~y `dif x`zx`y`o~ x`ygpxi`y ~fd~ dx`
dudkcdhc` ~g dpba`o~ ~f` pon`xc{kob fgy~ y{y~`a/ ^f` dhkck~{ ge ~f` dpba`o~`n y{y~`a~g igazc`~` ~dyly agx` diipxd~`c{ don `eik`o~c{ n`z`ony go agok~gxkob# e``nhdil don
~f` dzzckid~kgo ge dzzxgzxkd~`c{ n`ykbo`n ko~`xu`o~kgoy/ ^f`x`egx`# z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~
ido h` uk`r`n dy fdukob h``o `odi~`n h{ ~f` pokid~kgo ge fpado don igazp~`x
igazgo`o~y/ Ge igpxy`# k~ ky dyypa`n ~fd~ ~f` fpado igazgo`o~ ky og~ epcc{ igaz`~`o~
ko igazc`~kob ~f` ~dyl ko do podkn`n rd{/ f` e``nhdil cggz f`czy ~g koix`dy` igaz`~`oi`
igo~kopgpyc{/ ^f` ~g~dc y{y~`a z`xegxadoi` ~f`x`egx` kazxgu`y igo~kopgpyc{ rfkif
a`doy ~fd~ ~f` y{y~`ay z`xegxadoi` kazxgu`y igo~kopgpyc{/ Ko ~fky y`oy`# ~f` Pok`n
Agn`c ky do dndz~ku` agn`c# rk~f ~f` fpado h`kob d udxkdhc` igazgo`o~/ ^f` fpado!
igazp~`x igccdhgxd~kgo kof`x`o~ ko Ekbpx` 4:/8 &yga`~ka`y ~fky ky x`e`xx`n ~g dy fpado!
igazp~`x y{ahkgyky+ igahko`y ~f` y~x`ob~fy ge hg~f fpado don igazp~`x igazgo`o~y
&dy cky~`n ko ^dhc` 4:/8+ ~g gz~kadc dnudo~db`/
^f` egxbgkob nkyipyykgo ge ~f` pok`n agn`c ge z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ ky zdx~kipcdxc{
x`c`udo~ egx ~f` ngadko ge yik`oi` don `obko``xkob/ Ko ~f` egccgrkob y`i~kgoy ge ~fky
ifdz~`x# ~f` pon`xc{kob zxgi`yy`y kougcu`n ko yik`oi` don `obko``xkob di~kuk~k`y rkcc h`
`vdako`n rk~f d uk`r ~g nkyipyykob fgr ~f`y` ido h` ypzzgx~`n rk~fko ~f` pok`n
exda`rgxl zx`y`o~`n `dxck`x ko ~fky y`i~kgo/ ^f` egipy ko ~f`y` y`i~kgoy rkcc ~f`x`egx`
h` ~g `vzcgx` ~f` dyz`i~y ge z`xegxadoi` zxghc`ay x`c`udo~ ~g yik`oi` don `obko``xkob
di~kuk~k`y/ Hxgdnc{# ~f` z`xegxadoi` zxghc`ay egx `dif ge ~f`y` ngadkoy dx` agx` gx c`yy
ykakcdx dy yfgro ko Ekbpx` 4:/9/ ^fky nkdbxda rkcc h` ~f` y~dx~kob zgko~ ~g kou`y~kbd~`
don x`u`dc ~f` dyz`i~y ge ypzzgx~ x`tpkx`n egx yik`o~ki di~kuk~k`y/
Ekbp 4:/8 fpao kuk{ on pokekn agnc ge `zYY
Ifdz~`x 4:/konn 4;2 4:'8'8:48 6=4>=>2 DA
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4;6 ` c i ~ i Z e a d i y pz z ~
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dxxdob`n don yfgrkob ~f` gz`xd~kgo ge b`o`xdc cdry/ K~ ky y{y~`ad~ki logrc`nb` ge ~f`
zf{ykidc gx ad~`xkdc rgxcn bdko`n ~fxgpbf ghy`xud~kgo don `vz`xka`o~d~kgo/4 Yik`o~ky~y
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7/18
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ko opic`dx x`y`dxif ko ~f` PYD npxkob ~f` Y`igon Rgxcn Rdx< y`igon# ~f` n`u`cgza`o~ ge
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fdxnrdx`'yge~rdx` igobpxd~kgo ky d rfgc` xdob` ge dzzckid~kgoy go` ge rfkif ky ~f` Rgxcn Rkn` R`h/
dtpkykku Gbokykgoc iku Aokpcku igaapokku
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Ifdz~`x 4:/konn 4;; 4:'8'8:48 6=4>=>2 DA
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8:: ` c i ~ i Z e a d i y pz z ~
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zxgi`yy/ ^f` udcp`y ge kon`z`on`o~ ~fkolkob don x`zgx~kob ~f` x`ypc~y ge ghy`xud~kgoy
don a`dypx`a`o~y dx` `yy`o~kdc ko ~fky x`bdxn/ A`o~dc agn`cy ge ~f` ~fkolkob
zxgi`yy`y dx` do ko~`bxdc dyz`i~ ge yik`o~ki kotpkx{/ f`y` zxgi`yy`y koicpn` konpi~ku`
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dodc{yky ge nd~d dx` mpy~ yga` ge ~f` `yy`o~kdc zxgi`yy`y ~fd~ ido h` edikck~d~`n ~fxgpbf
~f` dzzxgzxkd~` py` ge ~f` z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ ~`ifoktp`y n`yixkh`n ko ~fky ifdz~`x
don `cy`rf`x` ko ~fky hggl/ Kon``n# igazp~`x!hdy`n ypzzgx~ fdy h`iga` o`i`yydx{
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dx`d/Koegxad~kgo dii`yy# ypzzgx~ egx igccdhgxd~kgo# n`ikykgo ypzzgx~ don `vz`xka`o~dc
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h` py`n ~g dkn don edikck~d~` ~f` yik`o~ki ylkccy don ~dyly yfgro ko ^dhc` 4:/9/ ^f`
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8 ge ~fky hggl/
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`vzcgxd~kgo ky ~f` Fpado B`oga` Zxgm`i~ &Hxdpo `~ dc/# 8::9+/ ^f` ghm`i~ku` ge ~fky
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don dnudoi`y ko ~f` `cn ge b`ogakiy &`yz`ikdcc{ ko y`tp`oi` dodc{yky+# dy r`cc dy
admgx dnudoi`y ko igazp~kob ~`ifogcgb{# d xgpbf nxde~ ge ~f` b`oga` rdy okyf`n
ko ~f` {`dx 8:::/ ^f`x` dx` ipxx`o~c{ fponx`ny ge nd~dhdy`y igo~dkokob hkgcgbkidc
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Ifdz~`x 4:/konn 8:: 4:'8'8:48 6=4>=>2 DA
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8:4yi i d n `b b
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logrc`nb`
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Ifdz~`x 4:/konn 8:4 4:'8'8:48 6=4>=>6 DA
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7/31/2019 Performance support in Science and Engineering
10/18
8:8 ` c i ~ i Z e a d i y pz z ~
bgr`xzph/
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Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
don gz`xd~` ~f`y` egx kazxgukob ~f` tpdck~{ ge fpado cke` ko b`o`xdc/ Rk~f ~f` n`u`cgza`o~
ge fpado logrc`nb`!`obko``xkob# `obko``xkob zxgi`yy`y dx` dcyg b`~~kob igazc`v/ Ko
ado{ yk~pd~kgoy# ~fky fdy o`i`yyk~d~`n ~f` py` ge fpado!igazp~`x y{ahkgyky dy r`cc dy
igazp~`x!hdy`n zxgi`yy dp~gad~kgo/ Ko edi~# ~f` `dxc{ x`e`x`oi`y ~g z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~
y{y~`ay r`x` igoi`xo`n rk~f ypzzgx~kob `obko``xkob zxgi`yy`y ypif dy= ~f` Ko~`bxd~`nIkxipk~ &KI+ ifkz adopedi~pxkob zxgi`yy`y ko Ko~`c &B`x{# 4;;4+# ~f` Y`xuki` Nkdbogy~ki
Y{y~`a ko ~f` Egxn Ag~gx Igazdo{ &Hk`cdrylk don C`rdon# 4;;4+# mpy~!ko!~ka` f`cz ko
X`odpc~ &Zxkob# 4;;8+ don ~f` ix`d~kgo ge ykapcd~kgo!hdy`n z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ ~ggcy egx
~f` adxko` konpy~x{ &Hdo`xmk don Hfdondxk# 4;;2+/
Hxgdnc{# `obko``xkob zxgi`yy`y ~fd~ ge~`o x`tpkx` ypzzgx~ koicpn` di~kuk~k`y ypif dy
n`ykbo# n`u`cgza`o~# gz`xd~kgo# ~`y~kob# edpc~ nkdbogyky# x`zdkx don adko~`odoi`/ Ko dcc
~f`y` dx`dy ~f` ifk`e igoi`xo ky pypdcc{ x`npikob ~f` zxghdhkck~k`y ge `xxgx/ Rk~fko ado{
y{y~`ay# `xxgxy ido dxky` dy d x`ypc~ ge ~f` kof`x`o~ r`dlo`yy`y ge ~f` fpado igazgo`o~y
ge ~f` y{y~`a# egx vdazc`# d cdil ge x`yzgoyku`o`yy &ycpbbkyfo`yy+# egxb`~epco`yy# kodhkck~{
~g igazx`f`on# don ado{ g~f`xy &ypif dy ~fgy` cky~`n ko ^dhc` 4:/8+/ Ko zdx~kipcdx#ckak~d~kgoy ko d fpadoy dhkck~{ ~g z`xi`ku`# d~~`on ~g# x`a`ah`x# zxgi`yy don di~ go
koegxad~kgo dx` dcc zg~`o~kdc ygpxi`y ge `xxgx rk~fko y{y~`ay ko rfkif ~f`x` ky d fpado
`c`a`o~/ Y~xdoly &8::5+ gp~cko`y d opah`x ge edi~gxy rfkif ido igo~xkhp~` ~g fpado
`xxgx/ ^f`y` koicpn`= kodn`tpd~` koegxad~kgo# cdil ge pon`xy~donkob# kodn`tpd~` n`ykbo# cdzy`y
ge d~~`o~kgo# aky~dl`o di~kgoy# akyz`xi`z~kgoy# aky~dl`o zxkgxk~k`y don rkcepco`yy/ D nkdbxda
~fd~ kccpy~xd~`y yga` ge ~f` nkee`x`o~ ~{z`y ge z`xegxadoi` zxghc`ay ~fd~ ido dxky` rk~fko
`obko``xkob y{y~`ay ky zx`y`o~`n ko Ekbpx` 4:/0/
Do dzzx`ikd~kgo ge ~f` idpy`y ge xxgx ky kazgx~do~ h`idpy` ~f`{ dx` ykbokido~ ygpxi`y
ge z`xegxadoi` zxghc`ay# z`xegxadoi` yfgx~igakoby don diikn`o~y ko ~f` rgxlzcdi`/ K~
Ekbp 4:/0 zgokc ckkgo y eg egao ypg ko obkokob
Ifdz~`x 4:/konn 8:8 4:'8'8:48 6=4>=>6 DA
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7/31/2019 Performance support in Science and Engineering
11/18
8:9yi i d n `b b
bgr`xzph/
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Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
fdy h``o `y~kad~`n ~fd~ pz ~g ;: z`x i`o~ ge dcc rgxlzcdi` diikn`o~y dxky` dy d x`ypc~ ge
fpado `xxgx &E`{`x don Rkcckdaygo# 4;;6+/ H`dxkob ~fky ko akon# z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~
ko~`xu`o~kgoy egx `obko``xkob zxgi`yy`y rkcc pypdcc{ koicpn` y~xd~`bk`y egx x`npikob
`xxgxy ~fd~ dxky` exga ~f` egccgrkob ykv ygpxi`y= &4+ c`dxokob!bdz< &8+ a`agx{!bdz< &9+
koigoyky~`oi{< &>+ dzzckid~kgo< &0+ n`ikykgo adlkob< don &5+ gakyykgo/ Z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ko~`xu`o~kgoy egx py` ko do `obko``xkob igo~`v~ igpcn koicpn` dzzxgzxkd~` igahkod~kgoy
ge ~f` b`o`xki ~{z`y ge ~ggc ~fd~ r`x` zx`ukgpyc{ cky~`n ko ^dhc` 4:/4/
Udxkgpy igazp~`x!hdy`n z`xegxadoi`!`ofdoikob ypzzgx~ y{y~`ay egx `obko``xkob
dzzckid~kgoy dx` dudkcdhc` exga d opah`x ge nkee`x`o~ ygpxi`y/ Egx `vdazc`# ykapcd~kgo
~ggcy ckl` AD CDH0 &f~~z=''rrr/ad~frgxly/iga'+ don CdhUK@R&f~~z=''rrr/ok/iga'cdhuk`r+
don n`ykbo ~ggcy ypif dyDp~gIDN &f~~z=''rrr/dp~gn`yl/iga+# don ado{ g~f`xy# ogr bx`d~c{
ykazcke{ ~f` n`ykbo zxgi`yy rk~fko `obko``xkob zxgm`i~y/ Ko dnnk~kgo# ado{ ge ~f`y` ~ggcy
dccgr obko``xy ~g ukypdcky` o`r zxgnpi~y don ~`y~ ~f`kx z`xegxadoi` h`egx` di~pdcc{ hpkcnkob
~f`a/ Dog~f`x vdazc`# ~f` Ypz`xukygx{ Igo~xgc Don Nd~d Ditpkyk~kgo &YIDND+ y{y~`a bx`d~c{
ykazck`y `obko``xkob!zcdo~ gz`xd~kgo/ Ypif y{y~`ay igcc`i~ nd~d exga udxkgpy y`oygxy d~d edi~gx{# zcdo~ gx g~f`x x`ag~` cgid~kgo don ~f`o y`on ~fky nd~d ~g d i`o~xdc igazp~`x
rfkif ~f`o adodb`y don igo~xgcy ~f` zcdo~ rfkc` nkyzcd{kob nd~d d~ d ypz`xukygx{ igo~xgc
n`yl/ @obko``xkob adko~`odoi` ~dyly dx` dkn`n h{ agok~gxkob~f` y~d~` ge ~f` `tpkza`o~/ Egx
`vdazc`# igazp~`x!hdy`n ukhxd~kgo dodc{yky ge xg~d~kob tpkza`o~ dc`x~y ~f` gz`xd~gx dhgp~
~f` zgyykhc` o``n egx zx`u`o~ku` adko~`odoi` rf`o ~f` ukhxd~kgo bg`y h`{gon d y`~ ckak~/
Edpc~ nkdbogyky don x`zdkx ky dog~f`x icdyy ge zxghc`a ~fd~ ge~`o ifdcc`ob`y `obko``xy/
D ~{zkidc edpc~ nkdbogyky zxgi`yy ky zx`y`o~`n yif`ad~kidcc{ ko ~f` nkdbxda yfgro ko
Ekbpx` 4:/5/
0 Zc`dy` y`` dcyg Ifdz~`x 49 ko ~fky ugcpa` egx epx~f`x n`~dkcy dhgp~ dzzc{kob z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ ~ ifoktp`y rf`o
pykob AD^CDH/
Ekbp 4:/5 Ecgr nkba g ekck ghca nkbogyky ko gyy co
X`igaa`on
x`zdkx gx
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a`dypx`
Ko~`xu`o~kgo
N`~`xako`
nkee`x`o~kdc
nkdbogy`y
Zcdo~
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ge zcdo~
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C`dny ~g
C`dny ~g
Koecp`oi`
Koecp`oi`
Ekodcc{ c`dny ~g
Epx~f`x
a`dypx`a`o~y#
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N`~`xako`
n`ekok~ku`
nkdbogyky@odhc`y
Ifdz~`x 4:/konn 8:9 4:'8'8:48 6=4>=>6 DA
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7/31/2019 Performance support in Science and Engineering
12/18
8:> ` c i ~ i Z e a d i y pz z ~
bgr`xzph/
iga
bgr
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iga
bgr`xzph/
iga
bgr
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gr`xzph/
iga
bgr
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iga
bg
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iga
bgr
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iga
bg
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iga
Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
N`z`onkob pzgo ~f` c`u`c ge ygzfky~kid~kgo ge ~f` tpkza`o~ kougcu`n# ~f` nkdbogy~ki
zxgi`yy`y ~fd~ o``n ~g h` dzzck`n ido h`iga` tpk~` igazc`v/ Ko gxn`x ~g igahd~ ~fky
igazc`vk~{# agy~ ge ~f` epoi~kgoy n`zki~`n ko Ekbpx` 4:/5 rgpcn h` dpba`o~`n ~fxgpbf ~f`
py` ge dzzxgzxkd~` z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ ~ggcy/ Dy d rd{ ge edikck~d~kob ~fky# d igoykn`xdhc`
dagpo~ ge `eegx~ fdy h``o n`ug~`n ~g n`u`cgzkob igazp~`x!hdy`n adko~`odoi` y{y~`ay/Go` `vdazc` ge ypif d y{y~`a ky ~f` Dnudoi`n Ko~`bxd~`n Adko~`odoi` Ypzzgx~ Y{y~`a
&DKAYY+ exga Xd{~f`go &f~~z=''rrr/xd{~f`go/iga'idzdhkck~k y'zxgnpi~y'dkayy'kon`v/f~ac+/
DAKYY ky do Ko~`xdi~ku` @c`i~xgoki ^`ifokidc Adopdc &K@^A+ dp~fgxkob ~ggc y`~/ K~ py`y
do ghm`i~!gxk`o~`n nd~dhdy` ~fd~ ido y~gx`# x`~xk`u` don nkyzcd{ koegxad~kgo# nd~d don
ngipa`o~d~kgo x`cd~kob ~g ~f` zdx~kipcdx `obko``xkob y{y~`ay egx rfkif k~ ky h`kob py`n/
Nkdbogy~ki koegxad~kgo ~fd~ ky o``n`n h{ do `obko``x ido h` nkyzcd{`n go d rgxly~d~kgo
gx go do `obko``xy z`xygodc igazp~`x/ Y{y~`ay ge ~fky ygx~ ido dcyg h` dpba`o~`n h{
~f` py` ge do `vz`x~ y{y~`a# d n`ikykgo ypzzgx~ y{y~`a# logrc`nb` adodb`a`o~ ~ggcy
don idy`!hdy`n x`dygokob ~`ifoktp`y ~g ix`d~` do ko~`bxd~`n edpc~ nkdbogyky y{y~`a/ Ypif
d y{y~`a igpcn h` hdy`n go ~f` py` ge ~f` pok`n z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ agn`c ~fd~ rdyn`yixkh`n dxck`x ko ~fky ifdz~`x/ f` idy` y~pn{ n`yixkh`n ko ~f` o`v~ y`i~kgo rkcc `cdhgxd~`
go ~fky/
Id y~pn{ Hd~~{ Ad~di
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h` hxgpbf~ ~gb`~f`x ~g ix`d~` do gz`xd~kgodc z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ y{y~`a/ ^f` idy` y~pn{
ky hdy`n go ~f` rgxl ge B`xdcn Ndayif`o &8::6+ dy x`cd~`n ~g ~f` dp~fgx ge ~fky ifdz~`x#
rfkc` Ndayif`o rdy d y~pn`o~ d~ Mgo`y Ko~`xod~kgodc Poku`xyk~{/5
HDIlBxgPoN
Dy d {gpob z`~~{ gei`x ko ~f` Odu{# Ndayif`o rdy dyykbo`n x`yzgoykhkck~{ egx ~f`
adko~`odoi` ge ~f` hdil!pz hd~~`xk`y go d opic`dx yphadxko`/ f` dudkcdhkck~{ ge d x`ckdhc`
hdil!pz zgr`x ygpxi` ky ixk~kidc egx yfkzy ge ~fky ygx~/ Hdil!pz zgr`x ky zxgukn`n h{ cdxb`
zgr`xepc y~gxdb` hd~~`xk`y ~fd~ dx` idxxk`n go!hgdxn ~f` yfkz/ ^f`y` hd~~`xk`y x`tpkx`
igo~kopgpy agok~gxkob don adko~`odoi` yg ~fd~ ~f`{ y~d{ d~ z`dl idzdik~{/ ^f`{ dx`
ex`tp`o~c{ ifdxb`n don nkyifdxb`n ~g zx`u`o~ ~f`kx idzdik~{ cgyy/ ^f` pon`xc{kob x`dygo
egx ~fky ky ykakcdx ~g ~f` a`agx{ `ee`i~ &~fd~ ky igaagoc{ y``o ko x`ifdxb`dhc` cdz~gz
hd~~`xk`y+ rfkif idpy`y y`u`x` x`npi~kgo ko ~f`kx idzdik~{/ @dif ifdxb` don nkyifdxb`
i{ic` ge ~f` yphadxko`y hd~~`xk`y x`tpkx`y opa`xgpy idcipcd~kgoy ~g ifdxdi~`xky` ~f`kx
igonk~kgo/
N`u`CgzKob d Mgh dKN
Rf`o Ndayif`o ~ggl gu`x ~f` np~k`y# ~f` idcipcd~kgoy r`x` z`xegxa`n adopdcc{ don
x`igxn`n ko d cgb hggl/ F` egccgr`n ~f` zxgi`npx` ckl` ado{ ge ~f` z`~~{ gei`xy h`egx`
fka hp~ yggo f` h`bdo cgglkob egx do dc~`xod~ku` rd{ ~g z`xegxa ~f` ~`nkgpy idcipcd~kgo
5 Epx~f`x n`~dkcy dhgp~ ~f` fky~gx{ don ipxx`o~ xgc` ge Mgo`y Ko~`xod~kgodc Poku`xyk~{ dx` bku`o ko ~f` Rklkz`nkd
gocko` `oi{icgzd`nkd d~= f~~z=''`o/rklkz`nkd/gxb'rklk'Mgo`yWKo~`xod~kgodcWPoku`xyk~{/ \Dii`yy`n= 8;~f Mdopdx{# 8::;Q/
Ifdz~`x 4:/konn 8:> 4:'8'8:48 6=4>=>6 DA
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7/31/2019 Performance support in Science and Engineering
13/18
8:0yi i d n `b b
bgr`xzph/
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Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
~dyly ~fd~ yga`~ka`y fdn ~g h` idxxk`n gp~ apc~kzc` ~ka`y d nd{/ Dy d ygcp~kgo f` rxg~`
d ykazc` igazp~`x zxgbxda ~g ng ~f` idcipcd~kgoy go d z`xygodc igazp~`x/ ^fky dccgr`n
fka ~g `o~`x dcc ge ~f` a`dypx`a`o~y ~fd~ fdn h``o ~dl`o< k~ rgpcn ~f`o nkyzcd{ ~f`a go
~f` igazp~`xy yix``o yg ~fd~ f` igpcn u`xke{ ~f`kx igxx`i~o`yy/ ^f`x`de~`x# ~f` igazp~`x
zxgbxda z`xegxa`n udxkgpy idcipcd~kgoy rfkif r`x` zx`ukgpyc{ ngo` adopdcc{/ ^fpyf` gee!cgdn`n ~f` idcipcd~kgo ~dyly ~g ~f` igazp~`x/ ^fky n`ix`dy`n ~f` zgyykhkck~{ ge
idcipcd~kgo `xxgxy# ex``n fka ge ~f` ~ka` ~fd~ rdy `dxck`x x`tpkx`n egx idcipcd~kgoy don
adn` fka agx` `eik`o~ ykoi` ~f` ~dyl igpcn h` igazc`~`n agx` tpkilc{/ ^fpy# ko k~y
xy~ koidxod~kgo# Ndayif`oy hd~~`x{ idcipcd~kgo zxgbxda rdy d ykazc` zxgi`npxdcmgh dkn
y`xukob dy d z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ ~ggc/
do KoegxAd Kgo Adodb`A`o^ ^ggC
Dy ~f` yfkzy hd~~`xk`y r`x` o`dxkob ~f` `on ge ~f`kx ogxadc cke`# f` fdn ~g agok~gx
~f`a agx` icgy`c{/ Ge~`o f` fdn ~g x`yzgon ~g ~f` Idz~dkoy ixk~kidc tp`y~kgoy donyphak~ n`~dkcy ge ~f` hd~~`xk`y igonk~kgoy don ~f`kx z`xegxadoi` ~x`ony/ Doyr`xkob
~f`y` tp`y~kgoy x`tpkx`n bgkob ~fxgpbf fky~gxkidc nd~d# y`dxifkob ~fxgpbf ~f` hd~~`x{
cgb don z`xegxakob dnnk~kgodc idcipcd~kgoy/ ^g ykazcke{ ~f`y` ~dyly f` rxg~` dog~f`x
igazp~`x zxgbxda ~g y~gx` ~f` x`ypc~y ge ~f` idcipcd~kgoy ~g d nkyl don nkyzcd{ ~f`
nd~d dy bxdzfy egx `dy{ ukypdckyd~kgo ge ~f` ~x`ony/ ^fky dccgr`n fka ~g x`~xk`u` nd~d
dy o``n`n egx rfd~`u`x z`xkgn# zx`y`o~ ~f`y` ko ~f` x`tpkx`n egxad~ don ghy`xu` ~f`
~x`on/ ^fpy# ko k~y y`igon koidxod~kgo ~f` hd~~`x{ idcipcd~kgomgh dknh`ida` d ykazc`
koegxad~kgo adodb`a`o~ y{y~`a ~fd~ y~gx`n koegxad~kgo dhgp~ ~f` yfkzy hd~~`xk`y don
f`cz`n ko ~dyl z`xegxadoi`/
d LogRC`Nb` Adodb`A`o^ Y{Y^`A
Yd~ky`n rk~f ~f` x`ypc~y ge ~f` hd~~`x{ agok~gxkob zxgbxda don k~y dhkck~{ ~g `dykc{
kn`o~ke{ ~x`ony# Ndayif`o h`bdo ~g cggl egx x`dygoy egx ~f` ~x`ony/ D~ go` zgko~ f`
egpon ~fd~ zdx~ ge ~f` hd~~`x{ rdy og~ z`xegxakob dy r`cc dy ~f` x`y~/ Rfkc` cgglkob
egx ~f` x`dygo f` igpcn og~ adl` y`oy` ge ~f` x`dnkoby/ Ekodcc{# f` x`dcky`n ~fd~ ~f`
koegxad~kgo dhgp~ ~f` nkee`x`o~ hd~~`x{ hcgily dy x`igxn`n don nkyzcd{`n go ~f` yix``o
ge fky igazp~`x rdy di~pdcc{ nkee`x`o~ exga ~f` rd{ ~f` hd~~`xk`y r`x` zf{ykidcc{
koy~dcc`n/ f` nkyix`zdoi{ cggl`n yga`rfd~ ykakcdx ~g ~f` cgid~kgo dxxdob`a`o~ yfgro
ko Ekbpx` 4:/2 &d+ don &h+/
^fpy# igxx`yzgon`oi` ge ~f` zf{ykidc cgid~kgo ge ~f` hd~~`xk`y rk~f ~fgy` py`n egx
dodc{yky idpy`n igoepykgo/ g ygcu` ~fky zxghc`a# Ndayif`o dnn`n dog~f`x igazgo`o~ ~g
fky zxgbxda< ~fky ix`d~`n ~fx``!nka`oykgodc bxdzfy ge ~f` zdxda`~`xy gxn`x`n ko ~f` rd{
~f` hd~~`x{ zdx~y r`x` zf{ykidcc{ koy~dcc`n ko ~f` yfkz &Ekbpx` 4:/2h+/ Rk~f ~fky x`ukykgo#
~f` cgid~kgo don idpy` ge x`npi`n idzdik~{ h`ida` ukypdcc{ ic`dx ~f`x` rdy d zxghc`a
rk~f ~f` zdx~ ge ~f` y{y~`a ~fd~ l`z~ ~f` hd~~`x{ dikn akv`n/ ^f` bxdzf yfgr`n ~f`
`vdi~ cgid~kgo ge ~f` zxghc`a don konkid~`n rfkif go` o``n`n ~g h` v`n/ Ko dnnk~kgo
~g ~f` x`uky`n nkyzcd{# f` dnn`n dog~f`x igazgo`o~ ~g ~f` zxgbxda egx y~gxkob og~`y#
ghy`xud~kgoy don `vz`xk`oi`y/ Yg# ko ~f` ~fkxn koidxod~kgo# ~f` koegxad~kgo adodb`a`o~
y{y~`a `ugcu`n ko~g d logrc`nb` adodb`a`o~ y{y~`a ypzzgx~kob ~f` hd~~`x{ adko~`odoi`
don agok~gxkob ~dyl/
Ifdz~`x 4:/konn 8:0 4:'8'8:48 6=4>=>6 DA
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7/31/2019 Performance support in Science and Engineering
14/18
8:5 ` c i ~ i Z e a d i y pz z ~
bgr`xzph/
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bgr
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gr`xzph/
iga
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Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
^f` eKodC `C`i^xgoKi z`xegxAdoi` YPzzgx^ Y{Y^`A
@u`o~pdcc{# rf`o k~ rdy ~ka` egx Ndayif`o ~g c`du` ~f` yfkz f` bdu` ~f` odc ~gpif
~g ~f` y{y~`a h{ dnnkob dnnk~kgodc igazgo`o~y ~g ~f` zxgbxda/ F` lo`r ~fd~ fky
x`zcdi`a`o~ rgpcn og~ fdu` apif ~ka` ~g c`dxo dhgp~ ~f` hd~~`x{ y{y~`a h`egx` ~dlkobgu`x ~f` np~k`y yg f` adn` d nkbk~dc hd~~`x{ adopdc rfkif igpcn h` `dykc{ y`dxif`n
don x`e`xx`n ~g< k~ igpcn dcyg zxgukn` d tpkil o`riga`x gxk`o~d~kgo/ Ndayif`o dcyg
igou`x~`n ~f` ~xgphc`yfgg~kob y`i~kgo ge ~f` adopdc ko~g `c`i~xgoki egxa don ckol`n
k~ ~g ~f` idcipcd~kgo zxgbxda/ F` ix`d~`n ~xkbb`xy ko ~f` zxgbxda ~g dc`x~ k~y py`x ~g do{
gp~!ge!yz`ikid~kgo x`dnkoby nkyigu`x`n npxkob ~f` idcipcd~kgoy/ ^f` yge~rdx` igpcn ~f`o
y~`z ~f` py`x ~fxgpbf ~f` dzzxgzxkd~` ~xgphc`yfgg~kob zxgi`yy ~g igxx`i~ ~f` zxghc`a/
Yg odcc{# ~f` logrc`nb` adodb`a`o~ don z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ y{y~`a h`ida` d epcc!
e`d~px`n@ZYY ~fd~ koigxzgxd~`n koegxad~kgo ypzzgx~# zxgi`npxdc ypzzgx~ don ypzzgx~ egx
n`ikykgo adlkob# igdifkob# c`dxokob don mgh dkny/
^f` h`o`~ ge ~f` zxgbxda rdy dilogrc`nb`n h{ ~f` yfkzy Idz~dko rfg x`adxl`n
~fd~ ~f` hd~~`x{ adko~`odoi` y{y~`a fdn dnn`n y`u`xdc ago~fy ~g ~f` cke` ge ~f` yfkzyhd~~`xk`y don dccgr`n ~f` yphadxko` ~g a``~ dnnk~kgodc igaak~a`o~y ~fd~ rgpcn og~
fdu` h``o zgyykhc` g~f`xrky`/ ^f` kazxgu`n z`xegxadoi` ydu`n ~f` Odu{ y`u`xdc akcckgo
ngccdxy h{ og~ fdukob ~g ~dl` ~f` u`yy`c gp~ ge y`xuki` zx`ad~px`c{ ko gxn`x ~g x`zcdi` k~y
hd~~`xk`y/
`zKCgbP`
^f` y{y~`a rgxl`n u`x{ r`cc egx Ndayif`o h`idpy` k~ rdy n`ykbo`n ~g z`xegxa ~dyly f`
o``n`n ~g ng ko ~f` rd{ ~fd~ f` zx`e`xx`n ~g ng ~f`a/ F` ukyk~`n ~f` yfkz d ck~~c` gu`x d
{`dx de~`x fky ~xdoye`x/ F` `otpkx`n fgr fky ypii`yygx rdy pykob ~f` hd~~`x{ adko~`odoi`
y{y~`a d y{y~`a ~fd~ f` n`u`cgz`n yg `cdhgxd~`c{/ ^g fky ypxzxky` ~f` x`zc{ rdy ~fd~ fky
x`zcdi`a`o~ fdn og~ py`n k~ h`idpy` f` rdy og~ igaegx~dhc` rk~f igazp~`xy/ Agx`gu`x#
f` nkn og~ fdu` ~ka` ~g c`dxo fgr ~g py` k~# don f` nkn og~ x`dcc{ y`` apif py` egx k~
do{rd{/ ^fpy# d u`x{ r`cc!n`u`cgz`n z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ y{y~`a rdy c`e~ popy`n$
^f` @ZYY rdy n`ykbo`n h{ ~f` py`x dxgpon fky rgxl zxgi`yy hp~ k~ rdy og~ adn` d
zdx~ ge ~f` rgxl!zxgi`yy zgcki{/ ^f` yphy`tp`o~ py`x nkn og~ fdu` do{ kozp~ ko~g ~f`
n`ykbo ge ~f` yge~rdx`# ~f`x`egx`# f` nkn og~ pon`xy~don fgr k~ igpcn f`cz fka/ Dcyg#
f` rdy og~ ag~kud~`n ~g rgxl nkee`x`o~c{# pockl` fky zx`n`i`yygx/ ^f` yge~rdx` rdy og~
n`ykbo`n dxgpon k~y py`x# don ko ~f` dhy`oi` ge adodb`a`o~ zgcki{# k~ r`o~ popy`n don
rdy nkyidxn`n/ H{ og~ kougcukob dcc ~f` zgyykhc` py`xy# ~f` n`ykbo rdy og~ py`x!i`o~`x`n/
Ekbp 4:/2 &+ Cgkgo obao ge hky y gnn on nkyc{n
go gap yo on &h+ pc {ykc cgkgo
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8:2yi i d n `b b
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Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
^fpy d ypii`yyepc y{y~`a fdn edcc`o uki~ka ~g ~f` igaago zxghc`a ge @ZYY n`ykbo don
kazc`a`o~d~kgo/
^f` AgxdC ge ^f` Y^gx{
Rf`o zcdookob egx ~f` ko~`bxd~kgo ge do @ZYY ko~g ~f` ndkc{ cke` ge rgxl`xy# k~ ky ixpikdc
~g h`bko rk~f d py`x!i`o~x`n dzzxgdif don kougcu` py`xy `dxc{ don ge~`o ko ~f` zxgi`yy
ge n`ykbokob ~f` @ZYY/ Dngz~kob ypif do dzzxgdif ky ckl`c{ ~g akokaky` akyigoi`z~kgoy
dhgp~ ~f` ko~`on`n py`y don xgc`y ge ~f` @ZYY/
Iicp
Bx`d~ hx`dl~fxgpbfy ko yik`oi` dx` adn` ~fxgpbf y{y~`ay ge yik`o~ki `otpkx{/ ^f`y`
fdu` c`n ~g o`r rd{y ge ~fkolkob dhgp~ don pon`xy~donkob hg~f ~f` od~pxdc don dx~kikdcy{y~`ay ~fd~ adl` pz ~f` Poku`xy`/ Pongph~`nc{# dnudoi`y ko yik`oi` fdu` f`cz`n ~g
dnnx`yy ado{ ge ~f` zxghc`ay oigpo~`x`n ko &don fdu` igo~xkhp~`n ~g+ ~f` n`u`cgza`o~
ge `obko``xkob don ~`ifogcgbkidc zxdi~ki`y/ Dy ~f` igazc`vk~k`y ge hg~f yik`oi` don
`obko``xkob zxgi`yy`y fdu` koix`dy`n# ~f` o``n egx igazp~`x ypzzgx~ hg~f dy d a`doy ge
pon`xy~donkob ~f`a don ge igo~xgcckob ~f`a fdy h`iga` u`x{ ukn`o~/ Kon``n# rk~fgp~
~f` y{o`xb{ ~fd~ `vky~y h`~r``o igazp~`xy don fpado akony# ado{ ge ~f` yik`o~ki don
`obko``xkob e`d~y ~fd~ fdu` h``o difk`u`n ko ~f` agn`xo rgxcn rgpcn og~ fdu` h``o
diigazckyf`n/ Fgr`u`x# agy~ ge ~f`y` n`u`cgza`o~y fdu` `ugcu`n dy d igoy`tp`oi` ge
d~~`az~kob ~g py` dudkcdhc` ~`ifogcgb{ ko do dn!fgi rd{ ~g a``~ z`xegxadoi` o``ny/
^f`y` n`u`cgza`o~y fdu` cdil`n d igf`x`o~ don ko~`bxd~`n n`ykbo exda`rgxl ykakcdx
~g ~fd~ rfkif ky `ah`nn`n ko ~f` pok`n agn`c ge z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ ~fd~ fdy h``ogp~cko`n ko ~fky ifdz~`x/
H`idpy` ge ~f` zg~`o~kdc ~fd~ k~ fdy dy d hdyky egx n`ykbokob @ZYY# ~fky ifdz~`x fdy
x`uk`r`n ~f` pok`n agn`c ge ~f` z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ igoi`z~ don fdy kccpy~xd~`n dx`dy
ko rfkif ~f` agn`c ad{ h` py`n/ Ko gxn`x ~g ng ~fky# ~f` ifdxdi~`xky~ki zxgi`yy`y kougcu`n
ko yik`o~ki kou`y~kbd~kgoy fdu` h``o kn`o~k`n don `vdazc`y fdu` h``o bku`o ge fgr
igazp~`x!hdy`n z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ ~ggcy ad{ igo~xkhp~` ~g ~f` nkee`x`o~ di~kuk~k`y
kougcu`n ko ~fky ngadko/ D ykakcdx dzzxgdif rdy ~f`o dngz~`n egx ~f` ifdxdi~`xky~ki
di~kuk~k`y kougcu`n ko ~f` `obko``xkob ngadko/ Ekodcc{# d ykazc` idy` y~pn{ rdy ~f`o
zx`y`o~`n ~g kccpy~xd~` ~f` rd{ ko rfkif do @ZYY ido `ugcu` ko do koix`a`o~dc edyfkgo
pykob d y~`z!h{!y~`z `obko``xkob dzzxgdif/
Ge igpxy`# k~ ky kazgx~do~ ~g x`dcky` ~fd~ ~f` ~{z` ge z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ ~fd~ ky py`n
ko ~f` yik`oi` ngadko ky eponda`o~dcc{ nkee`x`o~ exga ~fd~ x`tpkx`n ko `obko``xkob/
^fky ky np` ~g ~f` od~px` ge ~f` di~kuk~k`y kougcu`n don ~f` z`gzc` rfg zdx~kikzd~` ko
~f`a/ Yik`o~ki di~kuk~k`y adkoc{ x`tpkx` logrc`nb` don koegxad~kgo ypzzgx~/ Fgr`u`x#
~f` di~kuk~k`y kougcu`n ko `obko``xkob ge~`o x`tpkx` d rkn`x xdob` ge ypzzgx~ epoi~kgoy
h`idpy` ~f` ~dxb`~ py`xy xdob` exga rfk~` igccdx ~g hcp` igccdx `dif udx{kob ko
logrc`nb` don ylkcc c`u`cy/ Od~pxdcc{# ko yk~pd~kgoy ge ~fky ygx~# dzzxgzxkd~` z`xegxadoi`
ypzzgx~ n`ykbo rgpcn h`o`~ exga ~f` dzzckid~kgo ge ~f` pok`n ypzzgx~ agn`c ~gb`~f`x
rk~f d mpnkikgpy akv ge ~f` ~ggcy`~y cky~`n ko dhc` 4:/4 &z/ 4;0+/ g edikck~d~` ~fky ghm`i~ku`#
~f` y`~ ge ~`o @ZYY n`ykbo zxkoikzc`y kn`o~k`n h{ Hdxl`x don Hdo`xmk &4;;0+ don Hdo`xmk
don Yidc`y &8::0+ ad{ zxgu` py`epc/ @u`o~pdcc{# ~fky ad{ c`dn ~g ~f` ukykgo ge FDC &Icdxl`#
Ifdz~`x 4:/konn 8:2 4:'8'8:48 6=4>=>; DA
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8:6 ` c i ~ i Z e a d i y pz z ~
bgr`xzph/
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Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
4;56+ dy d phktpk~gpy z`xegxadoi` ypzzgx~ `oukxgoa`o~# x`npikob# ke og~ `ckakod~kob#
`u`x{ zgyykhc` z`xegxadoi` bdz rk~fko d bku`o ~dxb`~ y{y~`a/
Dircnba~
^f` dp~fgx ky kon`h~`n ~g Zfkckz Hdxl`x don Zdpc udo Yifdkl egx ~f`kx f`cz ko x`cd~kgo ~g
rxk~kob don igazc`~kob ~f` adopyixkz~ pzgo rfkif ~fky ifdz~`x ky hdy`n/
xei
Hdo`xmk# D/ &4;;;+/ Z`xegxadoi` Ypzzgx~ ko Z`xyz`i~ku`/ Z`xegxadoi` Kazxgu`a`o~ Tpdx~`xc{# 96&2+#
5;/ Dudkcdhc` gocko` d~= f~~z=''rrr/zin!koogud~kgoy/iga'zkdpb;;'ZYkoZ`xyz`i~ku`/zne/ \Dii`yy`n go=
82~f Mdopdx{# 8::;Q/Hdo`xmk# D/ don Hfdondxk# X/ &4;;2+/ N`ykbokob @ZYY egx ~f` Adxko` Konpy~x{/Ko~`xod~kgodc Igoe`x`oi`
go Igazp~`xy ko @npid~kgo# N`i`ah`x 85# 4;;2# Lpifkob# Ydxdrdl# Adcd{dykd/ Dudkcdhc` gocko`
d~= f~~z=''rrr/yz/`np/yb'x`ygpxi`y'kadb`y'yifggcy'yad'zdz`xy'`zyy/zne \Dii`yy`n go= 8;~f Mdopdx{#
8::;Q/
Hdo`xmk# D/ don Bfgyf# D/A/ &8:4:+/Apc~ka`nkd ^`ifogcgbk`y &Ifdz~`x 49+/ O`r N`cfk# Konkd= ^d~d
AiBxdr Fkcc/
Hdo`xmk# D/ don Yidc`y# B/X/ &8::0+/ Ko~`xdi~ku` Apc~ka`nkd egx C`dxokob don Z`xegxadoi`/ Ko Y/
Akyfxd don X/I/ Yfdxad &`ny+#Ko~`xdi~ku` Apc~ka`nkd ko @npid~kgo don xdkokob&zz >20;+/ F`xyf`{#
ZD= KBK Zphckyfkob/
Hdxl`x# Z/ don Hdo`xmk# D/ &4;;0+/ N`ykbokob @c`i~xgoki Z`xegxadoi` Ypzzgx~ Y{y~`ay/Koogud~kgoy ko
^xdkokob `ifogcgb{ Ko~`xod~kgodc# 98&4+# >48/H`xo`xy!C``# ^/ &4;;:+/ Koegxad~kgo Adodb`a`o~= D Zxgzgydc/ I@XO Adxif 4;6;# Ad{ 4;;:# R9
Dxifku`/ Dudkcdhc` gocko` d~= f~~z=''rrr/oki/epo`~/'kon`v'EPO@^'fky~gx{'ko~`xo`~'r9i'zxgzgydc/
f~ac/ \Dii`yy`n go= 8;~f Mdopdx{# 8::;Q/
Hk`cdrylk# C/ don C`rdon# X/ &4;;4+/Ko~`cckb`o~ Y{y~`ay N`ykbo Ko~ bxd~kob @vz`x~ Y{y~`ay# F{z`xa`nkd#
don Nd~dhdy` ^`ifogcgbk`y/ O`r [gxl# O[= Mgfo Rkc`{ don Ygoy/
Hghxgryl{# A/ &8::2+/ ^f` Zxgi`yy ge Yik`oi` don k~y Ko~`xdi~kgo rk~f Ogo!Yik`o~ki Kn`dy/ Rdyfkob~go
NI= ^f` Da`xkido Dy~xgogakidc Ygik`~{/ Dudkcdhc` gocko` d~= f~~z=''ddy/gxb'c`y'^f`WZxgi`yyWgeW
Yik`oi`/zne/ \Dii`yy`n go= 8;~f Mdopdx{# 8::;Q/
Hxdpo# ^/D/# Yif``~}# ^/@/# R`hy~`x# B/# Icdxl# D/# Y~go`# @/A/# Yf`e`cn# U/I/ don Idydudo~# ^/C/
&8::9+/ Kn`o~ke{kob Idonknd~` Nky`dy` B`o`y rk~f Fkbf!Z`xegxadoi` Igazp~kob/ ^f` Mgpxodc ge
Ypz`xigazp~kob# 85&4+# 28>/
Hpyf# U/ &4;>0+/ Dy R` Ad{ ^fkol/ D~cdo~ki Ago~fc{# Mpc{ kyyp`/ Dudkcdhc` gocko` d~= f~~z=''rrr/
~f`d~cdo~ki/iga'ngi'4;>0:2'hpyf \Dii`yy`n go= 8;~f Mdopdx{# 8::;Q/
Icdxl`# D/I/ &4;56+/ 8::4= D Yzdi` Gn{yy`{/ O`r [gxl# O[= ^f` O`r Da`xkido Ckhxdx{/
Ndayif`o# B/D/ &8::6+/ N`ykbokob Koegxad~kgo don Z`xegxadoi` Ypzzgx~ Y{y~`ay/ @NP508 Igpxy`
zxgm`i~ egx ~f` A/@n zxgbxdaa`/ I`o~`ookdc# IG= Mgo`y Ko~`xod~kgodc Poku`xyk~{/
E`{`x# D/A/ don Rkcckdaygo# D/A/ &4;;6+/ Fpado Edi~gxy ko Diikn`o~ Agn`cckob/ Ko Y~`ccado# M/A/
&`n/+#@oi{icgzd`nkd ge Giipzd~kgodc F`dc~f don Yde`~{# Egpx~f @nk~kgo/ B`o`ud= Ko~`xod~kgodc Cdhgpx
Gxbdokyd~kgo/
B`x{# B/M/ &4;;4+/ @c`i~xgoki Z`xegxadoi` Ypzzgx~ Y{y~`ay Fgr don Rf{ ~g X`adl` ~f` Rgxlzcdi`
^fxgpbf Y~xd~`bki Dzzckid~kgo ge ^`ifogcgb{/ Hgy~go# AD= R`kobdx~`o Zphckid~kgoy/
Ifdz~`x 4:/konn 8:6 4:'8'8:48 6=4>=>; DA
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Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
Igz{xkbf~`n Ad~`xkdc
Ko~`xo`~ Ygik`~{ &8::2+/ Fky~gxk`y ge ~f` Ko~`xo`~/ Dudkcdhc` gocko` d~= f~~z=''rrr/kygi/gxb'ko~`xo`~'
fky~gx{'\Dii`yy`n go= 9:~f Mdopdx{# 8::;Q/
Od~kgodc I`o~`x egx Hkg~`ifogcgb{ Koegxad~kgo &OIHK+ N`~dkcy dudkcdhc` gocko` d~= f~~z=''rrr/oihk/
oca/okf/bgu'/ \Dii`yy`n go= 9:~f Mdopdx{# 8::;Q/
Zxkob# K/ &4;;8+/Nkbk~dc Ukykgo NUK Zxgm`i~ Nkx`i~gx{/ Cgongo# PL= Nkbk~dc Ukykgo Ko~`xod~kgodc/
Y~xdoly# M/ &8::5+/F`dc~f don Yde`~{ Fdonhggl= D Zxdi~kidc Bpkn` ~g F`dc~f don Yde`~{ Cdr# Adodb`a`o~
Zgckik`y don Zxgi`npx`y/ Cgongo= Lgbdo Zdb`/
Yrkndo# E/# Xgifd# @/# Yfagkyf# A/ don Zko~`x# X/ &8::5+/ Do Ko~`bxd~ku` A`~fgn egx Diipxd~`
Igazdxd~ku` B`oga` Adzzkob/ZCgY Igazp~d~kgodc Hkgcgb{# 8&6+= `20/ Dudkcdhc` gocko` d~= f~~z=''
rrr/zcgyigazhkgc/gxb'dx~kic`'koeg%9Dngk%8E4:/4924%8Emgpxodc/zihk/::8::20/\Dii`yy`n go= 85~f
Y`z~`ah`x# 8::;Q/
^xgrhxknb`# C/# H{h``# X/ don Zgr`cc# M/ &8:::+/ ^`difkob Y`igondx{ Yifggc Yik`oi`= Y~xd~`bk`y egx
N`u`cgzkob Yik`o~ki Ck~`xdi{/ Pzz`xYdnnc` Xku`x# OM= Zx`o~ki`!Fdcc/ \Ik~`n koHpkcnkob Yik`oi` Zxgi`yy
Ylkccy h{ D/U/ N`Ekod# ^f` Yik`oi` ^`dif`x# Mdopdx{ 8::5# 95>4/Q
Ifdz~`x 4:/konn 8:; 4:'8'8:48 6=4>=>; DA
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