pipeline design & integrity seminar - presentation 6
TRANSCRIPT
www.pulse-monitoring.com
Pipeline Design & Integrity: Fatigue Monitoring of Pipeline
Spans
AECC, June 2015
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Agenda
• Introducing Pulse
• Pipeline Span Monitoring
• Slugging Monitoring
• FIV Monitoring
• Summary and Questions
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Introduction
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Introduction
Introducing Pulse
• Established in 1998 as part of
2H Offshore
• >17 years monitoring
experience
• Spun out of 2H in 2010
• >500 subsea monitoring
systems deployed worldwide
• An Acteon company
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www.pulse-monitoring.com
Recognised branded service
providers, aligned across four Expert Capabilities
Survey, Monitoring and Data
Seabed Foundation
Technologies
Project Support Services
Risers and Moorings
Note: Our branded services each align with one lead capability, but this does not preclude offering additional services
according to client need. The segments highlight a primary activity driver, but are not mutually exclusive.
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Key capabilities aligned to OPERATORS and CONTRACTORS
Survey, Monitoring and
Data Risers and Moorings
Seabed Foundation
Technologies
Project Support
Services
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Global Presence
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>17 years experience
6 regional offices
3 Project execution centres
>80 employees globally
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Integrated service model
Pulse Services
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Product
development &
manufacturing
Offshore
Installation &
Support
Data processing,
visualisation &
management
Understanding of
real world
environment critical
for effective product
design
Deep understanding of
customers data,
identifies issues &
improves product
development cycle
Knowledge of
offshore operations
allows optimised
data retrieval,
management &
software
configuration
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Overview
Pipeline Integrity Monitoring Services
Slugging
• Cyclic stress and inertial
loading cause fatigue
Free Spans
• Potential damage from
VIV, FIV and slugging
• Increasing flow rates
causing enhanced fatigue
FIV
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Monitoring Systems
software
Standalone logger Acoustic logger
Subsea strain gauge
Dynamic curvature
sensors
Diver deployable holder
for mooring lines
ROV deployable
holder
ROV deployable
magnetic holder
Field proven systems
Motion Strain Software Interfaces
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Communication Approach
S (Standalone)
H (Hardwired)
A (Acoustic)
Selected to suit project objectives
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Monitoring system specification
Pipeline Monitoring
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Improve
operational
efficiency
Asset life
extension
Design
verification
Understanding
for future
improvements
Enhance
operational
safety
Proactive
integrity
management
To quantify
the unknown
Asset life
extension
Greater understanding of
asset fatigue history
• Greater understanding of
asset fatigue history
• Provides more robust case
for asset life extension
Improve
operational
efficiency
• Optimising inspection and
maintenance strategies
• Reducing downtime
Understanding
for future
improvements
• Creating an information feedback loop
• Providing an extensive understanding of
the environment
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Design
verification
Greater understanding of
asset fatigue history
• Reducing conservatisms in
analysis through the use of
real world data
Enhance
operational
safety
• Understanding how much
fatigue is being accrued over
the length of the operation
Proactive
integrity
management
Greater understanding of
asset fatigue history
• Adhere to industry
regulations and standards
• Protect individual and
corporate reputation
Benefits of Monitoring
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Pipeline Span
Monitoring 15
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Pipeline Span Monitoring
• Span- unsupported areas of subsea pipeline
• Two types of span that can cause integrity concerns:
– Natural spans (pipeline profile / geometry of seabed)
– Pipeline sleepers (installed to prevent lateral buckling)
• Various potential fatigue damage
– VIV, FIV and slugging
Intro
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Primary Regions With Free Span Issues
Southern
North Sea
Arabian
Gulf
NW
Australia
GoM
Canada
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Typical system layout
Pipeline Span Monitoring
Current Meter
ROV Deployable Motion
Logger
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Motion Loggers
Pipeline Span Monitoring
Sensor Specifications
Tri Axial Accelerometers X,Y and Z
Range [g] ± 2
Accuracy [m/s²] ± 3.5% of measured acceleration or ±0.002 m/s²
(whichever is greater)
RMS Noise [m/s²] 30µV
Tri Plane Angular Rate XZ, YZ and XY
Range [deg/s] ±4
Accuracy [deg/s] ± 3.5% of measured angular rate or ±0.05 deg/s
(whichever is greater)
RMS Noise [deg/s] 2000µV
Communication Specification
Serial Communication Ports 4 RS232 Ports
USB Port For Data Download
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Horizontal
Upper
Lower
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Pipeline Span Monitoring
Current monitoring
• Measures the speed and direction of
ocean currents
• Battery Operated
• 20-30min recording per hour
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Sensor interfaces
Pipeline Span Monitoring
Motion
Strain
Current
Diver/ Topside ROV
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ROV deployable strain monitoring
Pipeline Span Monitoring
Pulse INTEGRIstick
dynamic curvature
sensor
Pipe
INTEGRIpod
ROV grab bars for
clamp control
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Recent projects
Pipeline Span Monitoring
Pipeline bundle
tow out & span
monitoring - 2009
Gas pipeline span
monitoring- 2010
Humber Estuary
Pipeline- 2005
Gas pipeline span
slugging
monitoring- 2012
Gas pipeline span
slugging
monitoring- 2014
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Case Study: Humber Estuary Pipeline
• Monitoring pipeline free span in river estuary
• Issue:
– Client wanted to determine the flow velocities
and directions that are incident upon the
exposed section of pipe
– Wanted to establish whether the pipeline is
experiencing VIV and potential fatigue affects
• System – 2 x INTEGRIpod SM
– 2 x current meters
Overview
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Case Study: Humber Estuary Pipeline
Outcome
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100
1
2
3
2*|
FF
T| of
x-a
cc.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100
1
2
3
2*|
FF
T| of
y-a
cc.
frequency [Hz]
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.50
1
2x 10
-3
2*|F
FT
|w o
f x-
acc.
LOGGER NO. T14 - PERIOD NO. 1737
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.50
1
2x 10
-3
2*|F
FT
|w o
f y-
acc.
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.50
1
2x 10
-3
2*|F
FT
|w o
f z-
acc.
frequency [Hz]
• No evidence of VIV was found to be present in either the cross-flow or
in-line direction
• Typical VIV Spectrum
• Data monitored
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Case Study: Pipeline Bundle Tow
• Monitoring of a pipeline bundle for
response to towing and in service
operations
• Issue:
– Client required confirmation of the
structural response and fatigue life
– Part of design verification process
• System
– 18 x INTEGRIpod SM
– ROV deployable/ retrievable
– Continuous logging
Overview
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Case Study: Pipeline Bundle Tow
Outcome
• Fatigue damage was
accumulated during
tow out
• Response was found to
be within limits
• Proved analysis model
was fairly accurate
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• Pipeline spans can cause
major fatigue concerns
• Off the shelf sensors available
for rapid deployment
• Monitoring systems tailored to
meet needs of specific project
• Monitoring data improves
understanding of pipeline
response
Pipeline Span Monitoring
Conclusion
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Slugging
Monitoring
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Slugging
• Occurs due to separation of liquids and gas in
multiphase flow
• Causes cyclic loading leading to fatigue
damage
• Certain infrastructure particularly susceptible to
slugging:
– Pipeline spans
– Rigid jumpers
– Sleeper crossings
• Can push structural utilizations above allowable
limits
Intro
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Case Study: Slugging Monitoring
• Monitoring ‘super span’ on 30” gas flowline
• Issue:
– Pipeline unsupported as it crosses subsea ridge
– Vulnerable to fatigue from slugging & VIV
• System:
– 6 x INTEGRIpod SM
– Record vertical & lateral
structural response
– ROV installable/ retrievable
Overview
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• Slugging can cause particular
fatigue concerns
• Ssystems offer a cost efficient
solution
• Monitoring systems tailored to
meet needs of specific project
• Monitoring data improves
understanding of pipeline
response
Slugging Monitoring
Summary
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High Speed
Vibration Monitoring
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Flow Induced Vibration (FIV)
• Subsea vibration due to process
excitation an increasing issue:
– Higher flow rates
– Increasing flexibility in pipework
• Particularly problematic on
manifolds, jumpers and valves
• Issue may occur subsea with no
obvious sign topsides
Intro
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High speed vibration sensors
FIV Monitoring
Magnetic Sensor Lightweight Sensor
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Case Study: North Sea FIV Monitoring
• Monitoring a gas export pipeline in the
North Sea
• Issue:
– FIV inside pipe caused by trapped plug
tool
– A vibration monitoring system was
requested for detecting the existence
of such vibration
• System
– High frequency monitoring system
– Magnetic vibration sensor
– 2 x INTEGRIpod SM High Speed
logging continuously
Overview
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Case Study: North Sea FIV Monitoring
• System found high frequency vibration present
• Aided the operator to select a safe flow rate
Outcome
Bruce Pipeline Vibration Monitoring
Fast Fourier Transform of X-Axis showing Frequency of Vibration
(Data points:4096)Logger position: Verical Pipe. Filename: 3165.Acc
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
Frequency [Hz]
Ampl
itud
e
X-Axis
Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of the X-axis showing frequency of vibration
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Case Study: Jumper Monitoring-India
• Subsea jumper connecting to a producing
well in India
• Issue
– Client wanted to determine level of FIV on
subsea jumpers due to internal production
flowrate
– Jumpers tie-in xmas trees to subsea pipelines
and subsea pipelines to the manifolds
• System
– 2 x INTEGRIpod SM High Speed logging
continuously
– 2 x magnetic spider clamps for high speed
vibration monitoring
Overview
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FIV Monitoring
Summary
• Increasing focus on FIV as a
driver of fatigue
• Particular issue on jumpers,
manifolds and valves
• Pulse have a strong track
record of effective FIV
monitoring
• Data that helps operators
quantify and reduce fatigue
concerns
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Summary
Pulse Structural Monitoring
offers:
• >17 years experience
• A proven track record with major
operators worldwide
• Standard & proven sensors for all
systems
• Solutions for all offshore assets
• Simple systems for maximum
information and understanding
• Improve safety and maximise
operational life of assets
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Pulse Structural Monitoring
Brian Taylor
M: +44 (0)7711 842 649
www.pulse-monitoring.com
Thank you!