powerpoint ® lecture prepared by gary a. beluzo materials, society and environment 23
TRANSCRIPT
PowerPoint® Lecture prepared by Gary A. Beluzo
MATERIALS, SOCIETY AND ENVIRONMENT
23
Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company
STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES
• Explain the different physical processes that create mineral resources.
• Explain the difference between a mineral resource and a mineral reserve.
• Understand why material prices have generally not increased over the past 50 years.
• Distinguish between economic and environmental energy cost of natural resource formation and extraction.
• Define and describe the major forms of source reduction.
After reading this chapter, students will be able to
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Materials: The Stuff of Life• Goods made from materials that are
mined or harvested from the environment
• Let’s consider a PENCIL• Cedar from forests in OR and CA• Graphite from Montana or MX• Clays to reinforce the pencil from KT
and GA• Eraser made from soybean oil from IL• Latex from Brazil• Reinforced with pumice from CA or
NM• Sulfur from LA• Calcium from TX• Barium from NV• Metal band mined out of one of 13
states, 9 Canadian provinces, or 6 other nations.
• Paint to color the wood• Glue that holds the wood together• Lacquer to make it shine
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Consumerism and Waste
• Americans consume• 700,000 Kg of minerals
• 162,000 cubic meters of water
• 170 cubic meters of wood
• Each American will generate• 30,000 Kg of MSW
• 10,000,000 Kg of wastewater
• 1,500,000 Kg of air pollutants
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The Materials Cycle
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Minerals
• Biogeochemical cycles concentrate
• Placer deposits
• Evaporites
• Igneous and metamorphic processes
• Hydrothermal solutions
• Black smokers
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Resource Classification
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Abundance of Chemical Elements
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Surface Mining
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Material Use
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Mineral Imports
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Material Intensity of Use
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Metal Prices
Figure 23.11
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Wood Prices
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Energy and Resource Quality
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Metal Productivity
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The Fate of Materials
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Material Processing Wastes
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Material Inputs to the Economy
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Solid Waste
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Reducing Material Wastes
• Source reduction
• Recycling• Recycled-content
• Post Consumer Content
• Recyclable Products
• Remanufacturing
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The Benefits of Reducing Material Wastes