PREVIEW OF

CBRNE OPERATIONSPOWERPOINT TRAINING

PRESENTATION

HAZMAT vs. CBRNE INCIDENTHAZMAT CBRNE

Deliberate attack X

Greater agent toxicity X

Early hazard identification X

Potential for mass causalities X X

Need for mass decontamination X X

Unusual risk to responders X

Crime scene & evidence preservation X

Major interaction/coordination with local, state, & federal agencies

X X

EMS & hospitals quickly overwhelmed X X

Secondary device designed to kill responders X

CHEMICAL

Nerve agents (ERG #153)Blister agents (ERG # 153)Blood agents (ERG # 117,119,125)Chocking agents (ERG 124,125)Irritating agents (Riot control)

(ERG # 153,159)

ROUTE OF ENTRY

Ingest

Inject

Inhale

Absorb

UNIFIED COMMAND STRUCTURE

FEDERAL

Command Group(Multi-agency)

Support Group

LOCAL STATE

Operations Group

ConsequenceManagement

Group

CONCENTRATION WILL VARY WITHIN CLOUD

XWind

50 ppm

25 ppm

7 ppm

DOMESTIC THREATS

Hate Groups Cult groupsKlu Klux Klan Single issue groupsSkinhead Lone individualsChristian identityBlack separatist

Patriot groupsMilitiasCommon law courts

SHORTNESS OF BREATH

Pin-point Pupils

Nerve AgentOrganophosphate

Opiate OD

Atropine2-pam

Naloxone

Non Pin-point Pupils

Normal Breath Sounds

Cyanide

CyanideKit

Wheezing

PhosgeneAmmoniaChloride

Riot Agent

Bronchodilator

NERVE AGENTS

Most common are Tabun (GA), Sarin(GB), Soman(GD), VX, GFUsed as a “Quick-action casualty agent”Most toxic of weaponized chemicalsIn sufficient concentrations can cause sudden

loss of consciousness, seizures, apnea, & death

Diagnosis must be made clinically

153

BLISTER AGENTS/VESICANTS

Lewisite (L)Mustard (H)Distilled Mustard (HD)Nitrogen Mustard

(HN-1, HN-2, of HN-3)Mustard-T Mixture (HT)Mustard-Lewisite Mixture (HL)Others

PHOSGENE/GREEN CROSS (CG)

Used in industry to make plastics & pesticidesSmells like new mown haySIGNS & SYMPTOMS

Non-cardiac pulmonary edema

PHOSGENE TREATMENTPeep/CPAPBed rest post exposure for 24-48 hours

125

SAR

AdvantagesPositive pressureHighest level breathing

protectionLow or no oxygen environmentsLonger air supply

ANNUAL FIT TESTING

Users must be annually medically approved and fit tested prior to use for all

respirators & breathing apparatus with the exception of the PAPR

LEVEL B

Similar to Level A protection but provides less skin protection

Should not be used with the possibility of vapor or gas exposure

NFPA test for penetration not permeationNot tested on gases

CHARACTERISTICS OF BIOLOGICAL AGENTS

Do not penetrate unbroken skinNon-volatileMore toxic than chemicals by weightUndetectable by sensesLimited field detectionDisseminate as aerosols

GENERAL RULES

Simple PPE for responders (Level C or D)Normally using Universal Precautions with N-95

mask or PAPR is adequateAlways isolate potentially contagious patientNormally there is a delay time between exposure and the patient shows symptoms or

is contagious (hours to months)

SMALLPOXLast recorded case was in 1977Vaccine is available but not commonly usedSome virus may be in the hands of terroristsIncubation time is 12 daysPer CDC it poses the greatest threat of a Biological WMD

TRIAGE CONSIDERATIONS

Useful for Trauma & Chemical incidents onlyDoes not work for biological or radiological incidentsDoes not work with

ChildrenDeafForeign language speakingVictims who are cold or wet

SAFETY

AntidotesIs there enough on handDo you know where additional resources are

ProphylaxisIs there enough for staff & family

Family issuesPPETraining

Support staff included (clerks, security, housekeeping)

NUCLEAR WEAPONS

AdvantagesAvailableTie up resourcesPsychological

impactDifficult to prepare

forNext level of

escalation

DisadvantagesHeavyDelayed effectsDeployment

hazardous to terrorist

Requires numerous difficult

stepsExpensive

SHIELDING

Alpha Unbroken skin

BetaHeavy book

Gamma3 inch lead

DOSIMETERS

Measure an individualsexposure over time

Can be the size of a penlight

DOSE LIMIT

The maximum amount of radiation exposure that a person is allowed to receive

Dose Limit Emergency ACTIVITY PERFORMED

Condition

5,000 mrem All activities All activities duringemergency

10,000 mrem Protecting major property

Where lower dose not practicable

25,000 mrem Lifesaving or protectionof large populations

Where lower dose not practicable

>25,000 mrem

Lifesaving or protection of large populations

Only on a volunteer basis to persons fully aware of the risks involved

SUICIDE BOMB

Results in the death of the terrorist

Normally worn as a vest & detonated by the wearer or remotely

BLAST LUNG

DON’T BECOME THE VICTIM

Safety is first

Assess before acting

Focus on avoiding the hazard

Evaluate the situation report

MASS CAUSALITY DECONTAMINATION

Involves a large amount patients

Should be divided into ambulatory & non ambulatory patients

Ambulatory may be able to self-deconHardest part is keeping deconed victims from

contaminated victimsConvincing victims of necessity may be difficult

BREAKING DEVICES

Point dispenserCommon itemsMechanicalPoint sourceModerate downwind hazardFairly controllable

Flammable

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