probe use while upside down csiro land and water / water for a healthy country david mcjannet &...
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Probe use while upside downCSIRO LAND AND WATER / WATER FOR A HEALTHY COUNTRY
David McJannet & Aaron Hawdon
CosmOz Australian cosmic-ray soil moisture observing network
CosmOz - Australian cosmic-ray soil moisture observing network
• CosmOz - funded in 2010 through internal CSIRO budget
• 11 probes were purchased– last one installed June 2011
• Developed collaborative network with Uni Tas, Uni NSW, Monash Uni, Charles Darwin Uni
• Co-located with other measurements e.g. flux towers, water balance, CalVal, crop growth
• Current funding: 0.75 full time person
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet2 |
http://www.marsdaily.com
CosmOz monitoring locations
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet3 |
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
Bit of geography...
• 80% live within 50 km (30 miles) of coast
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CosmOz setup
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet5 |
Satellite link Rain gauge
Solar panel
Data logger
Pressure sensor (temperature & humidity soon)
Small concrete pad
Neutron tube(moderated)
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet6 |
http://cosmoz.csiro.au/cosmoz/
The CosmOz network: Data delivery
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet7 |
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
Where are we up to?• All probes installed
• Longest record – 2 yrs• Shortest record – 1.25 yrs
• Very reliable - one cable failure and one probe replaced
• Calibrations – Aiming for a wet and a dry calibration per site (at least)• 4 sites have 2+ calibrations• 6 sites have dry calibrations
• Lattice water sampling currently underway
• Data processing approaches defined and being implemented
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Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
Observations and discussion points
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Corrections• Pressure• Vapour• Dosage
Calibrations
Surface runoff
Probe corrections and data smoothing
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
Weany Creek 2011 – Vapour Correction
Corrections – Vapour pressure• Standard COSMOS correction applied• Where possible we use local site data• Plan to add Hydroinnova T & RH to each site
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10%
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
Corrections – Atmospheric Pressure• Inspired by Marek’s Hurricane Sandy slide - Cyclone Yasi• Category 5 cyclone - 285 km/h (180 m/h)
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Weany Creek Probe
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
Dealing with the aftermath...
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Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
Corrections – Atmospheric Pressure• Corrections range by 20%
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Weany Creek Probe
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
Corrections – Cosmic-ray dose (discussion) • CosmOz cut-off rigidity varies from 2 – 13• Originally extracted site specific dosage (kspc22.unibe.ch) but
stopped in early 2012 • Moved to data from NMDB.eu using Swiss station but found some
issues after discussions with Marek...
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Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet15 |
Corrections – Cosmic-ray dose
SolarFlare
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
• It does make some difference – which is more correct?
• For now CosmOz sticking with nearest Rigidity NMDB.eu site
• Keep in mind this could be important when the world ends on 21st Dec!
Corrections – Cosmic-ray dose
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SolarFlare
Up to 10% difference
Calibration of CosmOz probes
• 24 sampling points – 8 points in each of 3 concentric rings
• 3 depths at each point = 72 samples (0-5, 10-15, 25-30cm)
• Collect wet and dry soil calibration points
• Standard calibration function tuned to measurements using one free parameter
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet17 |
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
Calibration – Weany Creek
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Cosmic-ray probe and lattice water
• Lattice water samples being prepared for ACTLABS
• For now using relationship between lattice water and clay content for Australian soils
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet19 |
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
Calibration – Weany Creek
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Add in lattice water estimate
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
Calibration – Tullochgorum
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Add in lattice water estimate
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
Calibration – Robson Creek
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Add in lattice water???
Is this a soil carbon effect?
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
Calibration - Gnangara
• Soil almost pure silica sand
• Collected one wet calibration point (assume no lattice water)
• Applied calibration to whole time-series
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Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
Calibration - Gnangara
• Standard curve fit not applicable (<2%!)
• Empirical fit and more data points required
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-ve!
Weany Creek -case study
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet25 |
Weany Creek
Weany Cr - measurement depth and fluxes
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet26 |
Wat
er fl
ux (m
m)
Infiltration
Drainage and evaporation
Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
Discussion points – Probe corrections & Filtering• At least 4 four probe types – is there a need for comparison of
‘standardised count’? i.e. San Pedro
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Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
CosmOz future directions
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Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
Future – South East Esk Sensor Web• Smart irrigation project
• Balancing farmer, hydro-power and environment needs
• Measurements coupled with flow/rain prediction (1km grid, 6 hr)
• Near real-time decision making
• 3 cosmic-ray probes
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Cosmic-ray soil moisture measurements | David McJannet
Future – Potential adopters• Apart from CSIRO and uni researchers the Bureau of
Meteorology is a potential adopter
• Bureau of Meteorology has interests in weather prediction and water balance accounting
• Recent seminars given to demonstrate potential uses of cosmic-ray probes
• Used combination of CosmOz and COSMOS progress
• Lots of interest in applications from various groups...no commitments as yet...watch this space!
• Hopefully you will hear more about CosmOz at future meetings
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