TOEFL PREPARATION

Problem with noun

NOUN = KATA BENDA

NOUNSINGULAR NOUNPLURAL NOUNS

COUNTABLE NOUN IS NOUN THAT CAN BE COUNTEDe.g. : book , bird, rose, box, dish, match, baby, toyUNCOUNTABLE NOUN IS NOUN THAT CANNOT BE COUNTEDe.g. : fruit, coffee, milk, sugar, rice, tea, etc.- A basket of fruit- A cup of coffee- A glass of milk- A bag of sugar

COUNTABLE NOUNUNCOUNTABLE NOUN

PLURAL FORM OF NOUNS

SINGULAR PLURAL

ONE BIRDONE TABLE

TWO BIRDSTWO TABLES

ONE DISHONE MATCHONE CLASSONE BOX

TWO DISHESTWO MATCHESTWO CLASSESTWO BOXES

Add –es to noun ending in –sh, -ch, -ss, and -x

ONE BABYONE TOY

TWO BABIESTWO TOYS

Add –es to noun ending in –y preceded by consonantAdd –s to noun ending in –y preceded by vowel

ONE SHELFONE KNIFE

TWO SHELVESTWO KNIVES

Change the ending into –ves if the noun ends in –fe or –f(exceptions: beliefs, chiefs, roofs, cuffs, cliffs)

• Library –• Wolf –• Tax –• Butterfly –

Two librariesTwo wolvesTwo taxTwo butterflies

• Piano –• Tomato –• Category –• Leaf –

Two pianos Two tomatoesTwo categoriesTwo leaves

KEY WORDS FOR SINGULAR AND PLURAL NOUNSSINGULAR Each Every Single One A

PLURAL Both Two Many Several Various

COUNTABLE Many Number Few Fewer

UNCOUNTABLE Much Amount Little Less

Let’s take a look for

exercise 39Page 89

Let’s take a look for

exercise 40Page 90

KEY WORDS FOR COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

IRREGULAR PRONOUN OF NOUNSTHERE ARE SOME CHANGES IN PLURAL NOUNS• US → I

ALUMNUS →CACTUS →FOCUS →FUNGUS →NUCLEUS →

• IS → ES

ANALYSIS →BASIS →DIAGNOSIS →OASIS →CRISIS →

• *** → A

MEMORANDUM →DATUM →CRITERION→MEDIUM →CORPUS→

• *** → EN

CHILD →OX →MAN→WOMAN→

ALUMNICACTIFOCI / FOCUSESFUNGINUCLEI

ANALYSESBASESDIAGNOSESOASESCRISES

MEMORANDADATACRITERIAMEDIACORPORA

CHILDRENOXENMENWOMEN

Let’s take a look for

exercise 41Page 91