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COMPOSITIONAL & UNCONVENTIONAL RESERVOIR SIMULATOR

PRODUCT OVERVIEW

BENEFITS

� Understand fluid property composition and behaviour

� Simulate complex reservoirs to identify optimal recovery processes

� Model naturally and hydraulically fractured reservoirs

� Increase estimated NPV through accurate phase behaviour models

� Optimize field, surface operating conditions and overall recovery

GEMTM is the world’s leading reservoir simulation software for compositional and unconventional reservoir modelling. GEM is an advanced general Equation-of-State (EoS) compositional simulator that models the flow of three-phase, multi-component fluids. GEM will model any type of recovery process where effective fluid composition is important.

GEM accurately simulates structurally complex reservoirs and varying fluid combinations including processes in which the effects of inter-phase mass transfer (i.e. changing fluid phase composition) are important. GEM will effectively model laboratory scale studies, pilot areas, elements of symmetry, or full-scale field studies.

GEM is used extensively for modelling: � Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes

(water and gas injection, polymer injection, low salinity water injection) � Unconventional Oil, Gas and Liquids Rich Reservoirs

(shale gas, shale liquids, tight oil or gas reservoirs, and CBM) � Fractured Reservoirs

(naturally and/or hydraulically fractured reservoirs) � Hydrocarbon and Acid Gas Injection � Dry Gas, Gas Condensate and Volatile Oil � Greenhouse Gas & CO2 Sequestration

GEM replicates the physics and chemistry of what’s happening in a reservoir to assist in optimizing field, surface operating conditions and overall recovery.

UNCONVENTIONAL OIL & GASUnconventional reservoirs such as shale gas, shale liquids and tight oil and gas reservoirs typically require long horizontal wells with multi-stage hydraulic fractures. GEM offers a flexible workflow for robustly modelling these fractures and the unique features of unconventional reservoirs such as: multi-component adsorption, geomechanical effects, multi-phase diffusion and non-Darcy flow. In North America, more than 90 oil and gas companies have chosen GEM to simulate their unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.

NATURALLY OR HYDRAULICALLY FRACTURED RESERVOIRSAccurately model the matrix-fracture transfer in fractured reservoirs with GEM’s dual porosity, dual permeability and gas phase diffusion capabilities. The advanced modelling capabilities for hydraulically fractured gas condensate wells provides explicit representation of fracture dimensions in grid design, along with non-Darcy flow and velocity -dependent relative permeability effects. Optimize well and fracture spacing efficiently using GEM without neglecting important reservoir effects so you can have confidence in your results.

Use Builder’s new workflow to import and interpret data files generated by GOHFER†, a third-party multi-disciplinary, integrated geomechanical fracture simulator. With GOHFER data, Builder is able to create hydraulic fractures using the average heel-tip gradient option. Users will achieve better history matching and more accurate forecasting results by using simulated fractures to estimate fracture properties.

Quickly and accurately model hydraulically fractured wells with different choices for fracture geometry. Optionally incorporate microseismic measurements to use as a basis for stimulated reservoir volume.

+1.403.531.1300, INFO@CMGL.CACALGARY HOUSTON BOGOTA CARACAS LONDON DUBAI KUALA LUMPUR™Trademark of Computer Modelling Group Ltd. Copyright © 2015 Computer Modelling Group Ltd. † Other company, product, and service names are the properties of their respective owners. 15.GE.03

PRODUCT OVERVIEW

iFOR MORE INFORMATION

PLEASE CONTACT marketing@cmgl.ca

2015 NEW FEATURES � Import GOHFER

fracture simulation files into Builder for better fracture characterization, history matching and more accurate forecasting

� Low salinity waterflooding (LSWF) wizard in Builder easily configures LSWF mechanisms

� 9-point discretization for more accurate simulations and reducing grid orientation effects

� Simultaneously model hysteresis and interfacial tension effects on relative permeability

� Well head pressure stability constraint prevents unrealistic slopes of BHP versus rate during production and injection

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERYGEM simulates chemical flooding, miscible displacement and thermal recovery. Due to the complexity of miscible gas injection, GEM optimizes gas injection schemes and simulates the phase behaviour between oil and gas, thereby identifying dynamic miscibility and higher recovery rates. By using dynamic gridding features, GEM minimizes the effects of numerical dispersion associated with modelling the mixing of fluids in the reservoir.

Use GEM to model full-field or hybrid low salinity waterfloods, as it can model the fundamental mechanisms – ion exchange, geochemistry, wettability – essential for low salinity processes. In 2015, a new low salinity waterflooding (LSWF) wizard was added to Builder to allow easier configuration of LSWF mechanisms.

GEOMECHANICSGEM includes a rigorous, iteratively-coupled 3D geomechanics module, as well as, integration with third party packages for modelling subsidence, compaction and dilation behaviour that occurs during thermal or advanced processes recovery method. The GEM geomechanical model simulates stress-induced phenomena, such as: plastic deformation and fracturing of reservoir rock, shear dilatancy of produced and injected fluids, near wellbore formation collapse and sand production.

CBM AND ENHANCED CBMGEM, the industry leader for CBM simulation, provides accurate early-time water and methane production predictions, as well as multi-component production predictions for enhanced CBM (ECBM) recovery. GEM accurately models the physics of asphaltene -related effects (precipitation, flocculation, deposition and plugging) associated with geochemical reactions when CO

2 is injected

into a CBM field.

SURFACE SEPARATOR FACILITIESGEM models surface separator facilities to provide insight into the complexities of the subsurface, optimize separator conditions for the best overall recovery and control the intermediate hydrocarbon stream at surface. GEM can also model gas plant stages with complex separator trains to correctly predict oil and gas surface volumes after running through multiple stages.

GREENHOUSE GAS SEQUESTRATIONGEM realistically models the long-term effects of CO

2 injection into a geological formation or saline aquifer. GEM incorporates

geochemical reactions and can model CO2 mineral trapping, calcite dissolution and tracks the changes to reservoir mineralogy

when CO2 is injected into the formation. Using a coupled flow-geomechanical model, GEM can monitor cap rock integrity

during the injection process.

Low salinity water flooding project in a highly-faulted reservoir.

WHY CMG?

Computer Modelling Group Ltd (CMG) is the leading supplier of advanced oil and gas recovery process simulation software. CMG offers products for Black Oil, Compositional and Thermal/Chemical reservoir simulation, Assisted History Matching and Optimization, fluid characterization, and visualization software to best understand simulation results. Experienced support teams are stationed in offices around the world to provide the best software, training and client support for advanced recovery process simulation.

CMG is devoted to providing the ultimate customer experience through its commitment to R&D investment, superior technology, and support network.

1. R&D Investment: With more than half our employees devoted to R&D, CMG exceeds its customer needs. CMG reinvests 20% of its annual revenue back into R&D which results in significant expansion of the R&D team to further innovation and drive technology forward.

2. Superior Software Technology: CMG, the leader in enhanced oil recovery, delivers software that is easier to use and provides the most accurate results for unconventional, compositional, advanced IOR/EOR and conventional processes.

3. Customer Experience: CMG provides experienced technical sales and support personnel, located around the world. CMG engineers deliver same-day turnaround for support calls, small industry relevant training and a personalized customer experience.