progressive presidents 1.roosevelt 2.taft 3.wilson
TRANSCRIPT
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Progressive Presidents1. Roosevelt2. Taft3. Wilson
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Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1908)
•“Square Deal”▫Resolved coal miners strike in
1902 No union recognition
•Trust busting▫Enforced Sherman Anti-trust Law▫Distinction between Good and Bad
Trusts•Railroad Regulation•Consumer Protection
▫Pure Food and Drug Act▫Meat Inspection Act
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Roosevelt and Conservation•Naturalist John Muir
convinces Roosevelt to start National Park System
•Set aside 150 million acres of forest not to be sold to loggers
•Newlands Reclamation Act – conservation of water in the west
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William Howard Taft (1908 – 1912)
• Hand picked successor to Roosevelt
• More trust busting than Roosevelt
• Income Tax (16th Amendment)▫Originally only affected those
who made 2x the national average
• Mann-Elkins Act – ICC could oversee railroads, telephone, telegraph, and cable companies
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Taft and Republicans Split
•Payne-Aldrich Tariff
•Pinchot vs. Ballinger in the forest service
•Joe Cannon’s power as speaker
•Midterm support of conservatives in 1910
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Socialism• Led by Eugene V. Debs
▫ 5 time candidate for president▫ Turned to socialism after Pullman
Strike▫ Critic of business, champion of labor▫ “I have no country to fight for; my
country is the earth, and I am a citizen of the world.”
▫ “It is better to vote for what you want and not get it than to vote for what you don't want and get it.”
▫ “While there is a lower class, I am in it, while there is a criminal element, I am of it, and while there is a soul in prison, I am not free. “
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Election of 1912
•Taft – Republican•Wilson – Democratic•Roosevelt – Bull Moose•Debs - Socialist
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Woodrow Wilson (1912-1920)
• Tariff Reduction• Federal Reserve Act 1914• Business Regulation
▫ Clayton Antitrust Act – strengthened Sherman Act
▫ Federal Trade Commission – Action against unfair trade practices (not banking or transportation)
• Federal Farm Loan Act• Child Labor Act
▫ Prohibited shipment of goods made by children under 14 years old
▫ Overturned by Supreme Court