publishing research papers

Publishing ResearchPapers

Charles E. Dunlap, Ph.D.U.S. Civilian Research & Development Foundation

Arlington, [email protected]

Publishing Research Papers

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Importance of Publication

“The research backgrounds of the two investigators are fine. However, I don't see any previous study on the hydro seismic area. Generally, their publication records are weak.”


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Writing Successful Manuscripts

•Selecting a journal•Thinking ahead during research•Understanding the publication

process•Writing the manuscript•Submitting the manuscript•Responding to reviews•Publication•Avoiding common errors


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Finding New International Collaboratorsmvslmorocco.ma


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Search Results


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A Potential Collaborator


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•Selecting a journal•Thinking ahead during research•Understanding the publication



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Thinking Ahead During Research

•Where will I publish these results?

•How many papers will I publish with this data?

•To which journals will I submit these data?

•Who will be my co-authors? (Working in lab groups or in teams across disciplines and institutions distributes this workload efficiently)


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Thinking Ahead During Research

•What information will I need to collect during research in order to produce a publication? methods field maps sample size background information


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•Thinking ahead during research•Selecting a journal•Understanding the publication



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Publication Process

Actions taken on my paper submitted February 4, 2008


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Publication Process

•Submission•Acceptance of submission•Reviews submitted

Accepted for publication as written Accepted if revised Rejected

•Response to reviews•Re-submission of edited manuscript


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Ethics

•The words and figures and data must be original work

•Data can be re-used with proper citation•Authors should make a substantive

contribution to the paper•Authors should be added or dropped with

full disclosure•Data must be fully and truthfully reported•Errors must be fully and truthfully reported


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Title and Authorship

•Who can be an author?•Responsibilities of first author

ownership submission and communications


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Abstract

264 Words

What was measured

What we learned


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Abstract

•What was done?•What were the specific results?•What are the significant conclusion?

Specificdetails

Generalsignificance


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Introduction


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Introduction

•Cite the relevant general literature

•Narrow the focus to your topic

•Explain why your research is interesting

•State briefly what research was done


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Introduction: Last Paragraph

What samples collected

What was measured

Why? What resultsdid we hope to achieve?


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Background

•What does the reader need to understand about the previous results?

•What previous results will you refer to in your interpretations?

• If it doesn’t help your reader or help your argument, eliminate it.


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Methods

•Where were samples collected?

•What were the conditions under which they were taken?

•What were the analytical or experimental procedures?

•How were the analytical errors measured?

•How big were the errors?


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Methods

Cite the methods of other researchers wherever relevant


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Results

•Data only—not interpretations

•Show patterns

•Show sample locations

•Discuss errors

•Label axes


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Results


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Discussion

•Explain the results•Refer to information in the background

section•Discuss alternative interpretations•Discuss the limits of your interpretation•Discuss additional work that would support

or refute your interpretation•Discuss the relevance to previous research


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Conclusion

•Explain the broader significance

•Review the main conclusions

•Offer more speculative interpretations (cautiously)

•Point to the direction of future research


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Acknowledgments

•Funding sources (include grant number)

•Reviewers (anonymous or by name)

•Colleagues who helped

•Laboratory technicians

•Family or friends (not usual, but sometimes done)


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Appendices (optional)

•Detailed methodology•Data tables•Algorithms•Other useful detail not required in main

text•Check the journal’s guidelines•May be electronic or printed


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Figures and Captions

•Figures should be numbered in the order that they appear in the text

•Figure captions should only explain the figure content (all interpretations and discussion should be in the text)

•Figures will usually be reduced in size when printed

•Figures will usually be printed in grey tones unless you pay for color


©2011 CRDF Global

Publication

•Determine how many reprints that you want

•Communicate clearly with your co-authors

•Obtain and distribute PDF copies to co-authors

•Quickly respond to any last-minute requests by the editor


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Avoid Common Mistakes

•Read and follow all formatting guidelines•Be sure the journal is suitable for the

research•Keep in good communications with co-

authors•Keep the paper clearly organized and

place information in the correct location•Be sure you know the existing research

and cite it correctly

publishing research papers

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