Raiders, Traders Raiders, Traders and Crusaders:and Crusaders:Western Europe Western Europe After the Fall of After the Fall of

Rome.Rome.World History AWorld History A

Seminar #5Seminar #5by Beth Bradley, The Academyby Beth Bradley, The Academy

Warm Up: Answer question # 1 on page 292. “What areas remained free of invasion?”

What areas remained free of What areas remained free of invasion?invasion?

Vikings: The RaidersVikings: The Raiders In the period from 800 to In the period from 800 to

1050 A.D., the Nordic 1050 A.D., the Nordic peoples made their peoples made their dramatic entry into the dramatic entry into the European arena. They European arena. They stormed forth, stormed forth, terrorizing well terrorizing well established societies established societies which were accustomed which were accustomed to war, but not to the to war, but not to the startling tactics of the startling tactics of the Vikings. Vikings.

They even sailed as far They even sailed as far west as North Americawest as North America..

The Rise of EuropeThe Rise of Europe500-1300 500-1300

The Early Middle AgesThe Early Middle Ages

During the early Middle Ages, Europe was a During the early Middle Ages, Europe was a relatively backward region cut off from the relatively backward region cut off from the advanced civilizations of Byzantium, the advanced civilizations of Byzantium, the Middle East, China and India. Between 700 Middle East, China and India. Between 700 and 1000, Europe was battered by invaders. and 1000, Europe was battered by invaders. Slowly a new civilization would emerge that Slowly a new civilization would emerge that blended Greco-Roman, Germanic and blended Greco-Roman, Germanic and Christian traditions.Christian traditions.

Kingdom of the FranksKingdom of the Franks400-768400-768

Franks invaded Gaul in the Franks invaded Gaul in the area now called France. area now called France. (400-700)(400-700)

Frankish King Clovis (486) Frankish King Clovis (486) first to conquer Gaul.first to conquer Gaul.

Clovis converted to Clovis converted to Christianity and brought Christianity and brought the religion to the region.the religion to the region.

Frankish King Charles Frankish King Charles Martel (732) kept Muslim Martel (732) kept Muslim invaders from Spain out of invaders from Spain out of France. Stopped spread of France. Stopped spread of Islam in Europe at the Islam in Europe at the Battle of Tours. Battle of Tours.

Empire of CharlemagneEmpire of Charlemagne768-843768-843

Loved battleLoved battle Christian emperor.Christian emperor. 800 aided Pope Leo III put 800 aided Pope Leo III put

down rebellious nobles in down rebellious nobles in Rome.Rome.

Pope Leo III crowned Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne “Emperor of Charlemagne “Emperor of the Romans.” the Romans.”

Cemented Christian rule Cemented Christian rule in Europe.in Europe.

Outraged Byzantine Outraged Byzantine Emperor who saw himself Emperor who saw himself as Roman successor.as Roman successor.

Legacy of CharlemagneLegacy of Charlemagne(Holy Roman Empire)(Holy Roman Empire)

Revival of Latin Revival of Latin learninglearning

Extended Christian Extended Christian civilization into civilization into northern Europenorthern Europe

Set up strong, efficient Set up strong, efficient governments.governments.

Began Holy Roman Began Holy Roman Empire. (Germany)Empire. (Germany)

Could not repel further Could not repel further Viking and Magyar Viking and Magyar invasions.invasions.

FeudalismFeudalismTextbook: page 291 - 296Textbook: page 291 - 296

Define Feudalism.

Feudalism: loosely organized system of government in which local lords governed their own lands but owed military service and other support to a greater lord.

FEUDALISMFEUDALISM

CharacteristicCharacteristic NoblesNoblesPage 295Page 295

PeasantsPeasantsPage 318-319Page 318-319

Monks/NunsMonks/NunsPage 325-326Page 325-326

ObligationsObligations •Military Military Service to Service to LordLord

Rights and Rights and BenefitsBenefits

• Protection by Protection by LordLord

LivesLives • Life of Religious Life of Religious ServiceService

Answer the questions under “Chart Skills” and then copy the diagram you see above.

Warm Up: On the back of the vocabulary handout, answer the following question. List three areas of the world where Europeans conducted trade.

Traders in Medieval EuropeTraders in Medieval Europe1000-13001000-1300

(Textbook: page 319-320)(Textbook: page 319-320)

o Advanced agricultural techniques: harness, windmill, crop rotation – improved lifespan and increased population

o Trade revived with new trade routes

o Trade fairs and guilds appeared. Define “guild”

o Guild – association of merchants or artisans who cooperated to protect their economic interests.

Frayer Model: The Middle AgesFrayer Model: The Middle Ages

Vocabulary Word

What is the definition of the word from the book?

Draw an illustration of your term here. Everyone must draw something!

Write the definition of the term in your own words!

Explain this term in the context of the Middle Ages. How did it apply?

High Middle AgesHigh Middle Ages1050-14501050-1450

Feudal monarchies headed Feudal monarchies headed European society, but had little European society, but had little power.power.

Angles, Saxons and Vikings Angles, Saxons and Vikings invaded and settled in England.invaded and settled in England.

1066 - Anglo Saxon king of 1066 - Anglo Saxon king of England, Edward died.England, Edward died.

William of Normandy, Edward’s William of Normandy, Edward’s brother in law, invaded brother in law, invaded England and took control at England and took control at Battle of Hastings.Battle of Hastings.

French was spoken in the French was spoken in the English court for the next 200 English court for the next 200 years.years.Norman ship

William of Normandy

Foundation of English Common Foundation of English Common Law Law

1066 - William I creates 1066 - William I creates Domesday Book for purposes Domesday Book for purposes of fair tax collection.of fair tax collection.

1154 - Henry II broadened 1154 - Henry II broadened system of royal justice. Laid the system of royal justice. Laid the foundation for English Legal foundation for English Legal system. Began English system. Began English Common Law.Common Law.

Define “common law”Define “common law” Common law - a legal system Common law - a legal system

based on custom and court based on custom and court rulings.rulings.

King John I signs Magna Carta King John I signs Magna Carta which limited the power of the which limited the power of the king.king.

Magna Carta - 1215Magna Carta - 1215 No royal official shall take goods from No royal official shall take goods from

any man without immediate payment.any man without immediate payment. No free man shall be imprisoned except No free man shall be imprisoned except

by the lawful judgment of his equals or by the lawful judgment of his equals or by the law of the land.by the law of the land.

In future no official shall place a man on In future no official shall place a man on trial without producing credible trial without producing credible witnesses.witnesses.

Courts shall be held in a fixed place at a Courts shall be held in a fixed place at a fixed time.fixed time.

The barons shall elect a House of Lords The barons shall elect a House of Lords for the creation of laws.for the creation of laws.

The English church shall be free.The English church shall be free. For a trivial offence, a free man shall be For a trivial offence, a free man shall be

fined only in proportion to the degree of fined only in proportion to the degree of his offence.his offence.

Due Process of LawDue Process of Law

The CrusadesThe Crusades 1050s – Seljuk Turks 1050s – Seljuk Turks

invade Byzantine Empire. invade Byzantine Empire. Extend power over Extend power over Palestine to the Holy Land Palestine to the Holy Land and attack Christian and attack Christian pilgrimspilgrims

1095 – Byzantine Emperor 1095 – Byzantine Emperor Alexius I asks Pope Urban Alexius I asks Pope Urban for help in ridding his for help in ridding his empire of Muslim invaders.empire of Muslim invaders.

Pope Urban agrees to help. Pope Urban agrees to help. Hopes to consolidate his Hopes to consolidate his own power, end schism own power, end schism between Rome and between Rome and Constantinople and keep Constantinople and keep Christian knights from Christian knights from fighting one another.fighting one another.

The CrusadesThe Crusades 1099 – Christian knights capture 1099 – Christian knights capture

Jerusalem.Jerusalem. 1187 – Muslim soldiers under Saladin 1187 – Muslim soldiers under Saladin

recapture Jerusalem.recapture Jerusalem. 1198 – Pope Innocent III takes office. 1198 – Pope Innocent III takes office.

Claims supremacy over all other rulers.Claims supremacy over all other rulers. The Church becomes the most powerful The Church becomes the most powerful

body in Europe.body in Europe. Crusades continue for next 200 years.Crusades continue for next 200 years.

Effects of the Crusades on Effects of the Crusades on EuropeEurope

Economic expansion – Economic expansion – increased trade with the increased trade with the Middle East and Byzantine Middle East and Byzantine EmpireEmpire

Growth of Italian trading Growth of Italian trading families.families.

Growth of money economyGrowth of money economy Increased power of the Increased power of the

monarchs.monarchs. Increased power of the Increased power of the

ChurchChurch Wider world viewWider world view Reconquista in Spain – Reconquista in Spain –

Muslims and Jews forced to Muslims and Jews forced to leave or convert.leave or convert.

Warm Up: Black DeathWarm Up: Black Death

1.1. Open your textbook and read pages 336 Open your textbook and read pages 336 and use the map to answer the following and use the map to answer the following question on the question on the BLACK DEATHBLACK DEATH::

2.2. List three large cities which were totally or List three large cities which were totally or partially spared by the plague and three large partially spared by the plague and three large cities which were seriously affected by the cities which were seriously affected by the plague. (Write this question before you plague. (Write this question before you answer.)answer.)

The Black DeathThe Black Death

TheThe BlackBlack DeathDeath

The Black Death 2The Black Death 2

Black Death Power PointBlack Death Power Point Slide 1 – Define Bubonic Slide 1 – Define Bubonic

Plague and explain its Plague and explain its causes. How is it spread?causes. How is it spread?

Slide 2 – When and where Slide 2 – When and where did the plague strike did the plague strike during the Middle Ages? during the Middle Ages? Where did it begin? Who Where did it begin? Who was hardest hit? How was hardest hit? How many died?many died?

Slide 3 – Social and Slide 3 – Social and Economic Consequences: Economic Consequences: 1. Explain the labor 1. Explain the labor shortage that occurred shortage that occurred and how it changed and how it changed Europe. Europe. 2. Define and explain the 2. Define and explain the outbreak of anti-Semitism outbreak of anti-Semitism that occurredthat occurred..