R&D of MPPC in kyoto

M.taguchi

picture

I will show you real one later!

MPPC(Multi pixel photon coutner)

100~1000 APD pixel in 1mm2

Each pixel operates as Geiger mode

　 (independent of input light)

The output is a sum of all the APD signals

Compact Low-cost Insensitive to the magnetic

field Low bias voltage :30~75V High gain:105~107

MPPC characters:

Raw signal and ADC hist of MPPC

Great performance for photon counting

0

1

2

History of R&D 2005.Apr~ measurement of fundamental performance feedback to HPK 2005.Nov beamtest@KEK 2005.Dec laser test of the sample we used at beamtest 2006.Jan we got the new samples 2006.Feb feedback to HPK 2006.Mar~ laser test of the new samples 2006.May feeback to HPK

Now at this stage

Summary of the parameter of the new sample

type # of pixel

gain Cross talk

PDE(MPPC)/QE(PMT)

HPK32 400 6.55×105

0.11 2.1

HPK53 100 2.64×106

0.21 2.1

@noise rate=800kHz,T=20℃

Uniformity in 1pixel

RMS/mean=2%

efficiency

gain

RMS/mean=2%

HPK53(100pixel)

bias=68.8V

100μ

m

1pixel

laser

efficiency

gain

RMS/mean=3%

RMS/mean=3%

Uniformity of each pixel

Total 100pixel

HPK53(100pixel)

Bias=68.8V

N-Grid P0D FGD ECAL SMRD Elec.Gain 1E5~1E

6

Linearity ~10PE >200 ~100 >200 ~10PE

#Pixels >100 >1000

>500 >1000 ~10PE

Target (MIP) 10 20 20 20 15

Dynamic Range

<2000

Timing Resolution

~10ns ~2ns ~2ns ~2ns ~2ns 2.5ns

Sensor diameter

1mm 1.2mm

1.2mm

1.2mm 1.1mm

Package Size <10mm <10mm

<5mm

<10mm

<5mm

PDE >15% >15% >15%

>15% >15%

Threshold (TH) >1.5 >1.5(2.5)

>1.5(2.5)

>1.5(2.5)

>0.5 For 16ch7fc

Noise (TH) 10~40kHz

Summary and future plan The new samples satisfy T2K requirement We can use MPPC in T2K (particularly in On-Axis) Study Individualtiy of large number of samples Readout electronics Packaging Beamtest of S type scintillator with MPPC

Back up

Measurement of gain

電荷量

# ev

ent

0p.e

1p.e

Charge sensitive ADC

Caluculate charge of 1p.e

MPPC

amp

X10～ 100

MPPC gain

=Q

e ・ (amp gain)Q

Blue LED

素電荷

Measurement of gain

15℃

20℃

25℃

1×106

1×106

3×106

311-53-1A-002-1 311-32-1A-002-5

68.4

68.4

69.6

69.4Bias V Bias V

15℃

20℃

25℃

Crosstalk measurement

Crosstalk‥ photons emitted from one pixel during the Geiger discharge 　　　　　　　　 causes the Geiger discharge at neighboring pixels

0.5p.e1.5p.e

・ Assuming 2p.e noise is caused by crosstalk of 1p.e noise(accidental coincidence of 1p.e noise is negligible)

e.p5.0thanmoreevents

e.p5.1thanmoreevents

Crosstalk rate =

Data taken by random trigger

Measurement of crosstalk

15℃

20℃

25℃

311-32-1A-002-5 311-53-1A-002-1

68.4 69.6

68.4

69.4Bias V Bias V

15℃

20℃

25℃

15℃

20℃

25℃

0.3

0.3

Beamtest @KEK in Nov.2005

64ch MAPMT(as reference)

beam

Scintillator 1.3x2.5x50 cm3

　 (used in K2K scibar detector)1mmΦ fiber

HPK100e or Russian SiPM

4 layers

• 0.5 ～ 1.4GeV/c• proton & pion• ～ 100 event/spill• beam size 1x1cm2

setupMotivation・ Can the light yield for T2K near detector be obtained?(more than 5p.e for

MIP)

Beamtest@KEK(cont’d)

・ The measured PDE including optical contact for HPK100 and Russian SiPM are about 0.7 and 1.0 of PMT, so obtained light yield is consistent with the expectation considering the misalignment of a fiber

MPPC type MPPC p.e for MIP PMT p.e for MIP Ratio of MPPC p.e with PMT(%)

HPK100#13 9.9 18.3 54

HPK100#14 10.2 18.2 56

HPK100#16 13.3 18.2 73

Russian600#13 22.9 18.2 126

Russian600#14 17.1 18.2 94

efficiency

RMS/mean=1.7%

gain

RMS/mean=1.6%

crosstalk

Uniformity in 1pixel

HPK32(400pixel)

bias=68.8V

0.25

RMS/mean=2.9%

RMS/mean=3.4%

gain

efficiency

crosstalk

Uniformity of each pixel

HPK32(400pixel)

Bias =68.8V

RMS/mean=16%

0.18

KL→π0νν