report main body (1)

8/10/2019 Report Main Body (1)

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CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION:

I am doing as an intern in the United commercial bank Elephant road branch. The title of my

report is `Loan Approval process and Loan portol!o peror"ance anal#s!s o Un!ted

Co""erc!al $an% Ltd&During my internship period I have tried to learn about the basic thing

of loan operation system in ``Loan and Advance section of U!"L "ank. In this report the main

#ork is to get a comprehensive idea about the loan activities of United commercial "ank

Limited. "ut as I do my internship in the loan section of this bank so it #ill help me to prepare

any report in future about loan activities. $o no# I can kno# the loan procedure about this bank

and also as such type of other bank. And I also give clear idea to customer or anyone about loan

operation system.

This topic is assigned by my organi%ation supervisor. I have submitted a report to my university

for gaining practical kno#ledge of loan approval procedure and Loan portfolio performance

analysis in United commercial bank. $o I e&pect that this report #ill help anyone #ho #ants tokno# about loan operation of United commercial bank.

1.' O$(ECTI)E O* THE +TUD,

The main focus of this study is to investigate the loan approval process and loan portfolio

performance in commercial banks in "angladesh. 'ainly it #ill focus on the United !ommercial

"ank( Elephant )oad "ranch( Dhaka. The study specially looks at ho# united commercial has

ensured that the loan portfolio is maintained #ithin the e&pectable limit.

1.- RE+ERCH UE+TION:

To e&amine ho# United !ommercial "ank has ensured that the bank*s loan portfolio has been

maintained #ithin acceptable limits to enhance performance.


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1./ +COPE O* THE REPORT:

I got an opportunity to complete my three months internship in United !ommercial "ank(

Elephant )oad "ranch. Through my Inter period I get opportunity to learn the different part of

banking sector. 'anagement of the bank divided the in to three part + ,eneral "anking( -oreign

e&change( and credit department. . 'y main concern #as to deal #ith credit management system

of the bank. As I #as attached to the credit general division( I had to deal #ith so many

customers #ho come to take loan or already took loan from United !ommercial "ank.

1.0 LIITATION+ O* THE REPORT:

I have obtained hole hearted co operation from employees of U!"L bank but I also face many

limitation for preparing these report. The limitations are as follo#+

Data Ins2!c!enc#: It #as very difficult to collect data from such a big organi%ation.

Lac% o Records: $ufficient books( publications( facts and figures are not available.

These constraints narro#ed the scope of accurate analysis. Cred!t ana3e"ent !s Too $!3 to Cover: !redit management is a too large to cover

entirely in this narro# scope. It re/uired huge time and huge space to cover.

$o( I have covered only some important topics of credit management.

Con!dent!al "atter+ It is not possible to get all sorts of information due to official

confidentiality.


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Background of United commercial Bank LimitedUnited Commercial Bank Limited incorporated on 26 June 1983 as a public

company with limited liability under the Companies ct 1993! "he bank

obtained permission to commence business with e#ect $rom 26 June 1983

and started bankin% operations on 29 June 1983 with an authori&ed capital o$

"k! 1'' million di(ided into 1 million ordinary shares o$ "k! 1'' each) the

bank has di(ersi*ed acti(ities in retail bankin%) corporate bankin% and

international trade!Credit+United commercial Bank is playin% an important role while %i(in% loan

$or the small and medium enterprises! ,n the terms o$ credit United

commercial bank has introduced new schemes mostly $or the business

people in Ban%ladesh! -i#erent cate%ories o$ loan been pro(ided to the

businessman! "he total amount o$ loan been pro(ided was 268.2!1. million

B-" till 2''6 its main pro/ects are business) %arments) micro credit)

construction and others! Consumer Credit 0cheme United commercial Bank

has been pro(idin% loan to medium and low+income peoples! "his policy has

%ained a %reat popularity amon% consumers!

Objectives of UCBLUnited commercial Bank Limited UCBL aims at e4cellence and is committed

to e4plore a new hori&on o$ bankin% and pri(ate a wide ran%e o$ 5uality

products and ser(ices comparable with those a(ailable with any modern

bank in the world!,t is a bank $or the common people includin% businessman and pro$essionals!

,t intends to ser(e with 5uality at a price competiti(e to achie(e in the

*nancial market! ,t would constantly keep on e4plorin% the needs o$ the

clients! "he mana%ement o$ the bank bears in mind the $act they are on the

threshold o$ a new millennium) which will pose e4tra ordinary challen%es tobe $aced and at the same time open up new opportunities and possibilities!

T4e +tr2ct2re o UC$L

"he or%ani&ation structure and corporate o$ United commercial Bank Limited

UCBL stron%ly reect its determination to establish) uphold and %ain a


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stron%er $ootin% as an or%ani&ation which is customer+oriented and

transparent in its mana%ement!

$oard o D!rectors

"he Board o$ -irectors consists o$ 13 member elected $rom the

sponsors o$ the Bank! "he Board o$ -irectors is the ape4 body o$ the

bank!

Board Committee:"he Board o$ -irectors who also decides on the composition o$ each

committee determines the responsibilities o$ each committee!

E5ec2t!ve Co""!ttee:

ll routine matter beyond dele%ated powers o$ mana%ement are

decided upon by or routed throu%h the 74ecuti(e Committee) sub/ect

to rati*cation by the Board o$ -irectors!

Pol!c# Co""!ttee:

ll mater relatin% to the principles) policies) rules) and re%ulation)

ethics etc! $or operation and mana%ement o$ the bank are

recommended by the Committee to the Board o$ -irectors!

Management"he mana%ement o$ the bank is (astly on a Board o$ -irectors) $or

o(erall super(ision and directions on policy matters by the board! "he

power o$ %eneral super(ision and control o$ the a#airs o$ the bank is

e4ercise by the president and mana%in% director o$ the bank who is the

chie$ e4ecuti(e ocer! bo(e all) the bank will be manned and

mana%ed by a %ala4y o$ talented pro$essionals pro*cient in their

indi(idual *elds and dedicated to the cause o$ the bank!

Divisions of UCBL


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ll policy $ormulations and subse5uent e4ecutions are done in the

9ead :ce! ,t comprises o$ nine ma/or di(isions namely Credit

-i(ision) ,nternational -i(ision) Central ccounts -i(ision) 9uman

;esources -i(ision) ,n$ormation "echnolo%y -i(ision)


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"he main $unction o$ this di(ision is to pro(ide le%al assistance to the

branches and to ensure strict adherence o$ rules and policies by all

concerned ocials o$ the bank throu%h routine and surprise inspection and

audit!

Central Accounts Division:>inance and ccounts di(ision task is to maintain daily li5uidity positions)

treasury bills) call money) debentures) placement o$ $unds etc! le4 Cube has been installed which will centrali&e operations and pro(ide

:nline Bankin%) ,nternet Bankin%) utomated "eller


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,nternational -i(ision is responsible $or assistin% the authori&ed branches to

deal in $orei%n trades) that is) import and e4port businesses on account o$

the customers o$ the bank by %i(in% appro(al $or transactions and

controllin% them at (arious sta%es! ,t deals with all correspondents o$ $orei%n

banks ha(in% arran%ement with the bank! 7(ery year new a%ents are added!

"he lar%er the number o$ correspondents and the wider the co(era%e area)

the richer will be the international connections o$ the bank

MarketingDivision:

"he main $unction o$ this di(ision is to build relationship with the potential

customers and stren%then the relationship with the e4istin% customer! "oin$orm and e4plain the potential customer about the $acilities pro(ided by the

bank and searchin% $or new area o$ business and collect in$ormation about

the potential sector as well as to prepare strate%y $or %ettin% competiti(e

ad(anta%e!


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CHAPTER THREE LITERATURE RE)IE6

LITERATURE RE)IE6

Lending is the principal business activity for most commercial banks. The loan portfolio istypically the largest asset and the predominate source of revenue. As such( it is one of the

greatest sources of risk to a banks safety and soundness. The level of interest risk attributed tothe banks lending activities depends on the composition of its loan portfolio and the degree to

#hich the terms of its loans 0e.g. maturity rate structure and embedded options1 e&pose thebank*s revenue stream to changes in rates.

0!omptrollers handbook( 2334+ 31


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Effective management of loan portfolio and credit function is fundamental to a banks safety and

soundness. Loan portfolio management is the process by #hich risks that are inherent in the

credit process are managed and controlled. ,ood loan portfolio managers have concentratedmost of their effort on carefully approving loans and carefully monitoring loan performance.

All banks need to have basic loan portfolio management principles in place in some form. Thisincludes determining #hether the risks associated #ith the banks lending activities are accurately

identified and appropriately communicated to senior management and the board of directors and

#hen necessary #hether appropriate corrective action is taken.

0!omptrollers handbook( 2334+ 51


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ETHODOLO7,

-. ETHODOLO7,

In this report methodology is indicates to daily #orking activities and in/uiry procedure to

complete the study. This report also involve in the information publish material( Annual report.

Through conversation #ith bank officer in different level .I also gather kno#ledge about loan

activities of this bank. -or theoretical frame #ork I also gather kno#ledge from annual report(

different publishes book and different #eb sites and most importantly those information #hich

are got from the United commercial bank staff internal survey result.

-.1 +APLIN7

To prepare this report 6on probability sampling has been used because it is less costly and time

consuming is less to prepare a sampling frame. The secondary data collected from #ebsite #hich

are selected at random and information are collected from regular conversation #ith bank

employee and also information is provided by indifferent office stuff report.

-.' +OURCE O* IN*ORATION

-or accurate study everyone has to follo# some source .These study #ere collected t#o sources.

These are+

A 7rimary source

" $econdary source

A1 7rimary $ources are as follo#s:

2 !ommunicate #orking #ith the bank stuff and officers.

8 !onservation #ith the clients.

9 )egular #ork on different desk of the bank.

: 'aking ;uestionnaires for the 'anager( !redit officer( and offices.


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"1 The $econdary $ources of data and information areournal publications of previous studies( and the internet search. !ase

study also used for collecting data

-.8 DATA COLLECTION

This report is prepared based on observation( practical #ork and /uestionnaire survey of United

!ommercial "ank staff. ?hich I have done during my internship period .@elpful information is

collected from online resources.

In order to prepare theoretical frame #ork of the study are collected from e&isting published

book. And also data are collected from different book #hich is provided by "angladesh "ank

$tuff !ollege and also different bank published book.

T#o types of data collected one is primary another is secondary. 7rimary data are collected fromdaily desk #ork( intervie# do bank employee during internship( practical desk #ork -ace to

face conversation is another source of primary data collection. Another data is $econdary data

#hich is collected from different book published by bank( different #eb address and most

importantly from "angladesh bank $tuff !ollege. Different guidelines are also collected different

bank in 'oti>heel area. United !ommercial bank loan circular are also the source for collecting

data for secondary source for complete these report.

-.9 DATA ANAL,+I+

This descriptive research #as conducted based on /uantitative method for data collection. Data

#ere analy%ed by $tatistical analysis and used '$


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Loan ppro(al @rocess Loan @ort$olio nalysis

9.7eneral Concept o Loan and Advance:

In general Asset based 7roduct of "ank are held on Asset side of the $tatement of -inancial

7osition. Types of services offered by bank include loans and advances that are based oncustomer re/uirement.

9.1O;


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:.: Loan 7ortfolio 7erformance+

The loan and credit department is a very important department of a bank. Loan is the main

business activity for most commercial "anks. The loan portfolio is considered the main assets

and main source of revenue. As such it is also one of the risk to banks safety and soundness. Due

to lack credit standereds(poor portfolio risk management or #eakness in the economy. Loan

portfolio can be the main causes of bank losses and safety.

In this $ection I tried to sho# last three years performance

!ollecting !I" report from "angladesh bank

-illing form

7rocessing Loan 7roposal

7ro>ect Appraisal

$anction Letter

@ead office approval

Documentation Disbursement


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"able no+1 year wise loan per$ormance

Dear 2'11 2'12 2'13

Loans 1.866.!86 136'E.1!6 11'6!33amount in B-"

Loans

'

''''''

1'''''''

1''''''

1.866.!86

1366'E.1!6

11'6!33

2'11

2'12

2'13

"hese chart is shown UCB Bank three years loan per$ormance between year o$ 2'11

to 2'13!,n this chart 2'12 loan is hi%her than 2'11 and 2'13!

Cas4 cred!t:

This credit is given to businessmen as a #orking capital. It*s are t#o types

2. @ypothecation+ This is for small business loan. =nly bank take charge for loan.

8. 7elage+ ?hich is large business loan .Its risk is lo#. "ank only keep product as securities.

!ash credit in true sense is given against mortgage any value able goods. !ash credit is also

allo#ed against hypothecation of goods. In this term o#nership of the goods remain #ith

borro#er.

Rate o !nterest: 1->to1/>

Tableno


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29.36

3E3

3E23

%ale

2'11

2'12

2'13

The follo#ing graph is sho# the year #ise cash credit provided by United !ommercial bank. In

this graph 828 cash is high then other year and 822 cash credit is lo#.

Total operat!n3 pro!t o Un!ted Co""erc!al $an%:

Table no+ 9( year #ise operating profit.0taka in core1

Cear 822 828 829

Total income 2(2F(F5 2(95(8 2(:4(55F

Total e&pense 2(3(F99 2(9(92 2(:2(F93

Total operating profit 0Total

income< Total e&pense1

F(39 F(58 (285

"otal operatin% pro*t

'F

1'F

2'F

3'F

.'F

'F

6'F

E'F

8'F

9'F

1''F

)9E3

)E62

E)126

2'13 1).8)66

1).1)39

2'12 1)36)'E2

1)3')31'

2'11 1)1)'6

1)'9)33

"hese chart is shown UCB Bank three years "otal operatin% pro*t between year o$

2'11 to 2'13!,n this chart 2'13 loan is hi%her than 2'11 and 2'12!


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Cred!t to Depos!t Rat!o Anal#s!s

!redit deposit measures the portion of deposit used for credit. If ratio is high the bank is able to

use its deposit as credit.

!redit to Deposit )atio G Total creditB total deposit

Dear 2'11 2'12 2'13

loans 1.866.!8

6

136'E.1!

6

11'6!33

Total deposit 1E9!2 1638!E 1.36!6

!redit to deposit ratio 82!81 E9!E9 8'!.'

'2'''''.'''''6'''''8'''''1''''''

12'''''1.'''''

2'11

2'12

2'13

136'E.1!6

1638!E E9!E9

2'11

2'12

2'13

"hese chart is shown UCBL Bank three years credit to deposit ratio between year o$

2'11 to 2'13!,n this chart 2'12 is hi%her than 2'11 and 2'13!


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*!nd!n3s and Anal#s!s


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5.-indings+

"his section e4amines the bank loan port$olio 5uality o$ bank! "he study

reco%ni&es that a loan is a debt! loan entails the redistribution o$ *nancial

assets o(er time) between the lender and the borrower! :ne o$ the principle

duties o$ *nancial institutions is to pro(ide loans) this is typically the income0ource o$ the bank and credit also constitute o$ one o$ the ways o$ increasin%

money supply in the economy! ,n order to ha(e a %ood loan port$olio 5uality)

United Commercial Bank should ha(e %ood port$olio mana%ement! "he study

used a number o$ sel$ administered 5uestions to e4amine the situation and

the results are presented as below!

6!1 Bank loan port$olio maintenance within acceptable limits

6!1!17ssential reports are always send to the head oce time to time

0- - A0 0

'

1'

2'

3'.'

'

6'

E'

8'

6!

'

22!

E1

'


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6!1!2 Loan ocer always re(iew interest rate $or maintain loan port$olio

0- - A0 0

'

1'

2'

3'

.'

'

6'

E'

6!3!2

2!8

6.!

'


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6!1!. ead oce is pro(ided with (aluable $eedback on the branch $or loan

e#ecti(eness!

0- - A0 0

'

1'

2'

3'

.'

'

6'

E'

6!3!2

2!8

6.!

'


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CONCLU+ION:

The last three months #as interesting and kno#ing to me to do internship at United !ommercial

bank Elephent )oad branch. I found out about the nature of #orking in a professional

environment. As an organi%ation( United !ommercial bank has earned the reputation of top

private banks in "angladesh. United !ommercial bank is the greatest schedule bank in the

country and it takes significant activity in almost every loan and advance activities prevailing in


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"angladesh. In this #ay U!"L involve a huge people in economic activities. During prepared

this report it*s found that U!"L has a credit management policy in place that includes strength

credit policy. !redit policy is a very convenient banking tool for business #orld no# a day. In

"angladesh credit facilities or loans started very striking in recent time. To perform these greatest

activities some of the officers and stuff in some cases perform irregular activity. "eside this there

is lack of investigation and supervision of the loan. "ut still lots of improvement in service and

facilities have to be made in this department. The study of this report refers to the fact that people

are a#are of loan facility but they can*t fully a#are. -rom this study it seems that United

!ommercial bank focused on corporate sector for credit facility. !redit division of this bank has

a very /ualified officers and stuff are al#ays try to provide best service to their clients. =n the

#hole United commercial bank is the established and greatest bank in all respects in our county.

)ecommendation+

The report focused on the loan approval process and loan portfolio performance of United

commercial bank. Through this report it indicated that loan portfolio /uality can be obtainedthrough regular revie# of its loan portfolio management for instance constant revie#s of the

ob>ective of the "ank in regards to its loan portfolio performance( revie#ing interest rate for

loans in the portfolio( revie#ing loan portfolio performance report.


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INTERN+HIP ACTI)ITIE+

As I doing internship in United !ommercial bank( Elephant )oad During my internship in

United !ommercial bank I gather lots of kno#ledge about loan activities of the bank #hich I

don*t kno# never before the intern in United !ommercial bank. Though my report topic is

Loan Approval process and Loan portol!o peror"ance anal#s!s o Un!ted Co""erc!al

$an% Ltd&. In this chapter I give my internship activities #hich kno#ledge I have e&perience

or gather from United !ommercial bank during my internship.


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?. Interns4!p Pos!t!on@ D2t!es Respons!;!l!t!es

The report has been prepared on the basis of e&perience gathered during the period of internship.

?ithin this time of period( I mainly #orked #ith departments namely ,eneral "anking and Loan

Advance department. "ank is not follo# any guideline or fi&ed any responsibilities forinternship student. 'ainly I have done many pending #orks of the account opening section and

account and clearing department. And also go thro# loan and advance desk. "esides that I have

done different types of tasks in different desks #henever they assigned me to do.

?.1 7eneral $an%!n3 Depart"ent:

?.1.1 Acco2nt Open!n3

I #orked at United !ommercial bank Limited( Elephant "ranch #here firstly I have started #ith

the account opening department. @ere I have learned the procedure of opening an account and

the documents that are needed for opening accounts all types of accounts opening system of

United commercial "ank Limited. The follo#ing activities #hich had done by me+

,iving information to the customer #hat type of document #ill need for opening

account. I tell them they need t#o copy photograph for #ho #ant to open account and

t#o copy for client and also both of them national id card photocopy.

!orrection of uncompleted forms like there #ere some form #hich are not fulfill

information. Used photocopy and printing machine for re/uired purpose

?.1.' Pa# order !ss2e

This form is issue for taka transfer from one bank to another bank. A day long people come to

and #ant pay order .I give them pay order #ith fulfill pay order form .#hile fulfill pay order I

tell customer to kno# ho# many money they #ant transfer by pay order. They tell me then fulfill

pay order form #ith branch name and money limit and also describe check it is.

?.1.8 R+ BRe"!ttance ana3e"ent +#ste"


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It*s a transfer process of money from one bank to another bank. I daily include balance amount

ho# many transfer from bank to bank.

?.1.9 C2rrent acco2nt open!n3

I also #ork in current account opening. ?hen anyone #ant to open a current account I check

#ho #ant open account #hether any account he open before. If there is no account for applicant

I give them form different types of form such as survivor from #hich is for >oint account. I give

them partnership letter .To open this account he or she has to give 9 tk in cash section. To

open this account I ask this form to sure #hether they pay money to the bank.

?.1.- Depos!t +c4e"e:

In this account its open any time. In this system there is fi&ed deposit and double benefit scheme

form .In this there includes accounts name( account type( passport( voter id( national id Tin no. I

fulfill this sought of thing and give applicant.

?.' C4e2e collect!on process

?hen any bank or U!"L bank subscriber #ants to deposit his che/ue I desire them to give me

their savings and current account che/ue I collect che/ue .The check have #ays to collect one is

$! means $hort collection .This sc use for collection from outside of to#n .Another is L$!

means Local $hort !redit #hich is use for #ithin the to#n. !he/ue collection processes are t#o

#ays

1sta#s:"efore issue che/ue the things need to check taka amount.dateand signature.if there is

nocrossing seal the che/ue is not valid.$! seal involve to cheue. eep credit voucher and

send the che/ue to issue section.

'nda#s:

!heck crossing seal !redit voucher check description )egistry inters to $!sheet then sends to

issuing branch !ollect T)A from issuing branch$end money to Account and collect commission

'ark contra date

?.8. )o2c4er post!n3:


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It*s another #ork of ,eneral banking section. Joucher is posting through online .I do voucher

posting activities during internship period. Joucher is posting through online. ?hen any one post

the voucher I fill up transaction date( "ranch name( code no( Debit and !redit amount. In this

posting ho# many transactions have in daily is sho#n in online.

*anold vo2c4er:

In this three copy have to issue. 2stcopy have to keep these branch other t#o is need to send

@ead office.

Ho2se s4eet:

It*s a list of ho# many value are transfer to local office its includes high value and lo# value.

Inard and o2tard clear!n3:

In different organi%ation there are clearing voucher has come it*s called in#ard clearing. And

those clearing #hich are sending to another bank branch or U!"L bank o#n another branch is

called out #ard clearing.

?.9 Clean cas4:

Its called cash transaction process. In this system daily ho# many money bank receive and ho#

many money bank send .It*s like a balance sheet. I have to make balance sheet daily. At the end

of the day I found the total.

7eneral leaser post!n3:

In this system banks earn and e&pense account are posting through computer.

$oot4:


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Acronym forautomatedtellermachine( a machine at a bankbranch or other location

#hich enables a customer to per$orm basic bankin%acti(ities 0checking oneKs

balance(#ithdra#ing or transferring $unds1 even #hen the bank is closed.

Lend!n3 "one# to t4e p2;l!c

Lending money is one of the t#o ma>or activities of any "ank. "anks accept deposit from

public for safe


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Rece!pt o Cas4

"efore receiving cash from depositors in 7ay


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After receipt of total cash during the day the M!ash )eceiving =fficial* shall 0i1 aggregate the

amount after the last entry in the M!ash )eceiving )egister*( 0ii1 #rite do#n the total amount in

#ords and figure under the summation and ensure that it is okay and the figure agrees #ith the

computer generated supplementary figure.

$alanc!n3 o Cas4 Pa#"ent Re3!ster

7aying !ash shall accomplish the follo#ing formalities+

'ake date


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7rinting( typing and photocopy the document.

LC Open!n3:L! full meaning is letter of credit. Actually L! is a non funded loan

system. -oreign buyer opens L!. If foreign buyers have any account in his country bank

or opening banks correspondence or advised by agent banks. Advisee bank can send L!

in three #ays .These are+

a1 Thro# -a&

b1 $?I-Tc1 Thro# Telegram

If L! is send by -a& Then information have to fill up in L! form by computer. Then give

a test number. Then officer have sign this form. After sign then it send to Advising bank.

=ne copy is given to importer and another copy is bank copy.

EFP or" open!n3:To open an e&p form he or she need to give some document to

the bank .these are +Trade license( sales contract( o#ners 6ID card 0photocopy1(Ta&certificate (office or factory deal certificate. After given this types of information bank

create a credit report. Then bank an e&p account #ithin 28days or : months. The party

#ho #ant to open EO) form he need to submit follo#ing document+

1. EO7 original form submitted by party to customs department.'. 9 duplicate form #hich is prepared by bank

8. TT issue photocopy( bill of e&p( bill of air#ays or leading.

?.0 O$+ER)ATION

It #as very remarkable time for me to #orking at United !ommercial bank . U!"L bank stuff

and people are really nice and #ell behaved. The thing that I observed is+

?ork is never left pending for ne&t day unless it*s e&tremely compulsory.

The #ork process could be made faster #ith better operating system.

There is al#ays a rush of customers so there is no standard on #hat the employees dothroughout the day. The #ork activities of employees are set but #hat to do #hen varies

along the day.

The #ork activities are set and divided for each employees. "ut #hen I sa# it #as remarkable.

Each and every employee has certain responsibilities. @e B$he carries out those responsibilities

throughout the day. Even though this is the case I often sa# other stuff members helping each

other out.


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