repro protocology 101
TRANSCRIPT
The Evolution and Implementation of Reproductive
Synchronization ProtocolsRepro Protocology 101
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D. Professor of Dairy Science University of Wisconsin-Madison
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
SynchTimeline 1980 201020052000199519901985
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
ManipulatingLuteal
Functionin Cattle
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
1956 Hysterectomy was shown to extend luteal lifespan in cattle (Wiltbank and Casida, J Anim Sci 15:134-140)
Mechanism of
Luteolysisin Cattle
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
1967 – Removal of the uterine horn ipsilateral to the CL prevented luteal regression, whereas regression occurred normally when the uterine horn contralateral to the CL was removed (Ginther et al., J Reprod Fertil 14:225-229)
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
Conclusions:1) The luteolytic
substance originates from the uterus
2) Luteolysis is a local rather than a systemic process
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
1979 – Lutalyse approved for use in cattle by the FDA
Dinoprost TromethamineNaturally occurring PGF2 in the form of the
tromethamine saltLutalyse® – Pfizer
Cloprostenol SodiumSynthetic analog of PGF2
Estrumate® – Intervet
A Brief History of Prostaglandin
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
Targeted Breeding SystemUpjohn - 1980
14 Days
PGF2 PGF2
Estrus Estrus
PGF2
14 Days
TAI (80h)
46% CR 46% CR 4% CR
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
1980Targetedbreedingsystem
SynchTimeline 1980 201020052000199519901985
1979Lutalyseapprovedfor use in
cattle
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
Follicular Function during the Reproductive Cycle
OvarianFollicle
CorpusLuteum
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
New Technology
1986O.J. Ginther at WisconsinJ. E. Fortune at Cornell
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
Progesterone
10Ovulation 21
Follic
ula
r S
ize
Day After Ovulation
Recruitment
Deviation
Dominance
Atresia Ovulation
Follicular Waves
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
1980Targetedbreedingsystem
Synch Timeline 1980 201020052000199519901985
1979Lutalyseapprovedfor use in
cattle
1986Follicular
wavesdiscovered
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
6 Days
GnRH PGF2
GnRH - PGFTwagiramungu et al., 1990
EDAI
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
Twagiramungu et al., 1990
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100
10
20
30
40
50Saline - PGF
GnRH - PGF
Day of Experiment
% o
f cow
s in
est
rus
GnRHorSaline PGF
73% of cows detected in estrus onD 7 and 8 in the GnRH – PGF group
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
7 Days 48 h
GnRH PGF2 GnRH
16 h
TAI
Pursley and Wiltbank, 1995
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
Ovsynch Schedule
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
GnRH
PGF GnRH TAI
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
Ovsynch Schedule
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
GnRH
PGF GnRH TAI
Distribution of DIM at 1st AI Service: Farm 1
Fresh Date
DIM
at
1st A
I
Jun, 2001Mar, 2000
Distribution of DIM at 1st AI Service: Farm 2
Fresh Date
DIM
at
1st A
I
Jun, 2004Nov, 2003
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
1980Targetedbreedingsystem
Synch Timeline 1980 201020052000199519901985
1979Lutalyseapprovedfor use in
cattle
1986Follicular
wavesdiscovered
1995Ovsynchprotocol
published
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
56 h
GnRH
PGF2α
GnRH
7 days
14 days
12 days
PGF2α PGF2α
TAI
16 h
Moriera et al., 2001
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
Conception Rate to TAI Ovsynch vs. Presynch – 12 d interval
Ovsynch Presynch0
10
20
30
40
50
60
29
4336
48
Florida Kansas
%
n=262 n=272 n=264 n=278
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
Presynch/Ovsynch 14/12
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
PGF
PGF
GnRH
PGF GnRH TAI
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
56 h
GnRH
PGF2α
GnRH
7 days
14 days
10 to 12 days
PGF2α PGF2α
TAI
16 h
EDAI
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
Frequency of AI Relative to the Second PGF Injection of Presynch
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
1980Targetedbreedingsystem
Synch Timeline 1980 201020052000199519901985
1979Lutalyseapprovedfor use in
cattle
1986Follicular
wavesdiscovered
1995Ovsynchprotocol
published
2001PresynchOvsynchprotocol
published
PM Fricke, PhD
GnRH
PGF2
GnRHPGF2 PGF2
Compliance – Presynch/OvsynchOn any given day, 95% of your cows get the correct injection
0.95 x 0.95 x 0.95 x 0.95 x 0.95 = 77%
0.9 x 0.9 x 0.9 x 0.9 x 0.9 = 59%
To Resynch or Not to Resynch
That is the question….
Presynch/Ovsynch & Resynch
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
0
R
G+TAI
G
19
T
26
T
US+P
28
R
G+TAI
US+G
26
T
33 35
T R
P G+TAI
US+G
33
T
40 42
T R
P G+TAI
23%(28/120
)
34%(41/121
)
38%(54/143
)Fricke et al., J. Dairy Sci. 86:3941-3950; 2003
n=711
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
Synch and Resynch
0
G
T T R
P G TAI
R
P
R
PPresynch / Ovsynch for
first TAI
Resynch for nonpregnant cows
F
G
32
T
39 41
T R
P G TAI
42
F
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
1980Targetedbreedingsystem
Synch Timeline 1980 201020052000199519901985
1979Lutalyseapprovedfor use in
cattle
1986Follicular
wavesdiscovered
1995Ovsynchprotocol
published
2001PresynchOvsynchprotocol
published
2003Resynchprotocol
comparisonpublished
Comparison among Cosynch and Ovsynch 56 protocolsBrusveen et al., 2008. J. Dairy Sci. 91:1044-1052.
Cows were submitted for TAI after Presynch or as Resynch treatment
1507 TAI in 927 lactating Holstein cows
GnRH PGF GnRH +TAI
7 Days 48 h
7 Days 72 h
GnRH PGF GnRH +TAI
7 Days 56 h
GnRH PGF GnRH TAI
16 h
Cosynch48
Ovsynch56
Cosynch72
CR d 31-33 (%) 27 (494) 36 (494) 27 (494)
Least squares est. 29a 39b 25a
CR d 52-54 (%) 25 (493) 33 (494) 25 (494)
Least squares est. 27a 36b 23a
Preg. Loss (%) 5 (131) 5 (158) 7 (137)
a,b Within a row, treatments differ (P<0.05)
Effect of Treatment on conception rate and pregnancy loss Brusveen et al., 2008. J. Dairy Sci. 91:1044-1052.
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
1980Targetedbreedingsystem
Synch Timeline 1980 201020052000199519901985
1979Lutalyseapprovedfor use in
cattle
1986Follicular
wavesdiscovered
1995Ovsynchprotocol
published
2001PresynchOvsynchprotocol
published
2003Resynchprotocol
comparisonpublished
2008Ovsynch56
protocolpublished
Future Directions
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
D 7 D 10 D 13 D 15 D 20 D 26 D 28 D 30 D 34 D 37 D 40 D 42 D 45 D 48 D 50 D 53
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
5193 Short Luteal PhaseS
ize
(m
m)
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
D 5 D 7 D 9 D 12
D 14
D 16
D 19
D 21
D 23
D 26
D 28
D 30
D 33
D 35
D 37
D 40
D 42
D 44
D 47
D 49
D 51
D 54
D 56
D 58
D 61
D 63
D 65
D 68
D 70
D 72
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
4615 Anovular
PM Fricke, Ph.D.
D 7 D 9 D 11 D 14 D 16 D 18 D 21 D 23 D 25 D 28 D 30 D 32 D 35 D 37 D 39 D 42 D 44 D 46 D 49 D 51 D 53 D 56 D 58 D 60 D 63 D 65 D 67 D 70
0
5
10
15
20
25
4689 Anovular
PM Fricke, Ph.D.
D 7 D 9 D 12 D 14 D 16 D 19 D 21 D 23 D 26 D 28 D 30 D 33 D 35 D 37 D 40 D 42 D 44 D 47 D 49 D 51 D 54 D 56 D 58 D 61 D 65 D 68 D 70 D 72
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
4642 Short luteal phase + cystic S
ize
(m
m)
Paul M. Fricke, PhD
18%
31%
6%
52%
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
P/AI (61 d) Loss (33-61 d)
CR
/AI (
%)
Anovular Cycling
n=105 n=274
Effect of Cyclicity Status on P/AI and Pregnancy Loss after first TAISterry et al., 2006; J Dairy Sci 89:4237
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
Double Your Pleasure Double Your Fun
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
Double Ovsynch ScheduleSouza et al., 2009
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
GnRH
PGF
GnRH
GnRH
PGF GnRH TAI
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
Effect of synchronization protocol on pregnancies per AI, DIM, lactation number, BCS and locomotion score in lactating dairy cowsSouza et al., Theriogenology 2009
Double Ovsynch
Presynch Ovsynch P-value
P/AI (%) 50 (78/157)
42(75/180)
0.03
DIM (range) 77.0 ± 0.16(74 – 81)
77.2 ± 0.15(74 – 81)
0.57
Lactation Number (range)
2.2 ± 0.12(1 –11)
2.4 ± 0.13(1 – 10)
0.64
BCS (range) 2.91 ± 0.03(2.25 – 4.00)
2.89 ± 0.02(2.25 – 4.25)
0.54
Locomotion Score (range)
1.45 ± 0.08(1 – 5)
1.48 ± 0.07(1 – 4)
0.34
Presynch Ovsynch Double Ovsynch0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
45
65
39 38
PrimiparousMultiparous
Effect of treatment onfertility 39 to 45 d after TAISouza et al., 2009
Effect P-value
Treatment 0.03
Parity 0.02
n=73 n=88n=107 n=69
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
1980Targetedbreedingsystem
Synch Timeline 1980 201020052000199519901985
1979Lutalyseapprovedfor use in
cattle
1986Follicular
wavesdiscovered
1990GnRH
+PGF
protocolpublished
1995Ovsynchprotocol
published
2001PresynchOvsynchprotocol
published
2003Resynchprotocol
comparisonpublished
2008Ovsynch56
protocolpublished
2009Double
Ovsynchprotocol
published
Paul M. Fricke , Ph.D.
Paul M. Fricke, Ph.D.
5-Day Ovsynch Protocol
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
GnRH
PGF PGF GnRH TAI
Maximize Fertility
Minimizeinterbreeding
interval
IdealResynch
Comparison among Resynch protocolsGiordano et al., unpublished.
7 Days 56 h
GnRH PGF GnRH TAI
16 h
7 Days 56 h
GnRH PGF GnRH TAI
16 h
7 Days 56 h
GnRH PGF GnRH TAI
16 h
GnRH
hCG
d 18 d 25 d 32 d 34 d 35
33%n=346
31%n=361
25%n=375