RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENTRESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENTFOR SPEED-UP OF SHINKANSENFOR SPEED-UP OF SHINKANSEN

NORIMICHI KUMAGAI NORIMICHI KUMAGAI Ph.D.Ph.D.

Director Railway Technical Research Institute, JAPAN

EURAILSPEED 2005 Railway Technical Research Institute

- ROLE OF FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH -

100

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250

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450

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1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

(km

/h)

Commercial Speeds of Shinkansen and of World Experimental Speed Records

TGV380km/h

TGV515.3km/h

ICE406.9km/h

STAR21425km/h

300X443km/h

210km/h220km/h

240km/h

230km/h

270km/hTohoku ・ Joetsu

Tokaido ・ Sanyo

Ｗｉｎ 350

350.4km/h

300km/h275km/h

300series325.7km/h

: Experimental records

Proven Technologies>Safety:

Automatic Train Control

New Bogie / Suspension

All Electric Brake

>Comfort: Airtight Cabin

>Adhesion: Traction Power Dispersion

New issues

>Environmental Measures against:

Aerodynamic Noise

Aerodynamic Vibration

>Energy Consumption:

Light Weight Rolling Stocks

>Safety against Earthquake:

P-wave Detection/Alarm System

Key Technologies for Shinkansen Systems

First Shinkansen Over 300km/h Shinkansen

Experimental Analysis by Wind Tunnel

1/12 train model

Newly-developed elliptical acoustic mirror

Aerodynamic Noise

Search for noise sources around vehicle body Sound pressure level

Reduction of Micro-pressure Waves

Proposed basic train head to minimize micro-pressure

Measurement of waves by model

(a) Generation ofcompression

wave

Pre

ssu

re Tunnel

Distance Distance

Train

Micro-pressure wave

Compression wave

Tunnel entrance hood to reduce micro-pressure (69m)

Micro-pressure wave propagation in tunnel

Aerodynamic Noise

>Measures

>Phenomena

Aerodynamic Simulation and Experiment on Pantograph for Noise Reduction

Noise level

3-Dimntional Surface pressure

Fluctuation　pressure

Mean pressureNumerical Simulation :

Wind Tunnel Test :

Aerodynamic Noise

Running direction

Tunnel

Simulation of Unsteady Flow

Numerical Analysis of Aerodynamic Force on Train in Tunnel

Vortex Distribution

Vortex

Unsymmetrical flow causes aerodynamic lateral forces and vibration

Aerodynamic Vibration

Semi-ActiveDamper

Semi-Active Suspension to Reduce Aerodynamic Lateral Vibration in Tunnel

Accelerometer

Controller

Imaginary　 wall

Semi-Active Damper

Imaginarydamping force is used for control.

Semi-active damper decreases aerodynamic vibration level up to 5 dB.

Aerodynamic Vibration

Earlier Detection of P-Wave and Alarm System against Severe Earthquake

S-wave:P-wave (preliminary tremor) detection

Damage occurrence　

SeismographSeismograph

Propagation of Waves

P-wave

S-wave

Alarm within 3 seconds

Earthquake

Ocean

Alarm

Feeding Stop

Alarm before damage of rail

Emergency Braking

Safety against Earthquake

Contribution of Fundamental Research to High-speed Shinkansen

Over 300km/h Trainsets

Conventional Trainsets

Problems

measures

Analysis/ Simulation

Experiments/ ApparatusFundamental Research

DecisionOnboard test

Fundamental research is very important to make decision.