resilience of food and water systems (cpwf gd workshop, sept 2011)
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By Alain Vidal. As part of a CPWF September 2011 workshop in Thailand regarding global drivers.TRANSCRIPT
Resilience of food and water systems
Alain VidalResilience TWG
Global Drivers TWG WorkshopSeptember 12-14, 2011, Chiang Mai, Thailand
Re-greening the Uganda “Cattle Corridor”
Community corralling of cattle for 2 weeks
permits pasture establishment
Local organizations invest in up-scaling of pasture regeneration
Termites destroy any attempt to reseed degraded pasture
The resilience challenge
Food production communities and ecosystems should be able to cope with local and global changes (climate, economy, demography, migrations…), ie become more resilient
Achieved through improved water productivity (more food with less water) together with empowerment, equity, market access, health and ecosystemservices
Questioning resilience of theUganda “Cattle Corridor”
Community corralling of cattle for 2 weeks
permits pasture establishment
Local organizations invest in up-scaling of pasture regeneration
Termites destroy any attempt to reseed degraded pasture
?
Review of two CPWF adaptive and collective management cases
Re-greening the Uganda “Cattle Corridor”
Restoring river flows, quality and ecosystem services in the Andes
Triggers for change between alternate resilient states
S
SWater depletion, grazing pressure, loss of soil organic matter
Manure applied through night corralling provides a preferred diet for the termites
Wet Season:Dry matter 4.5 T/ha9 species / m²
Wet Season:Dry matter 0 T/ha0 species / m²
Downstream – where the concern for ecosystem services emerged
Eutrophication and shrinking of
Fuquene Lake (downstream)
High altitude wetland (paramo)
degraded by potato cropping and overgrazing
Restoring upstream and downstream ecosystem services
Paramo restored through
conservation tillage and oat/potato
rotation
Water quality and downstream ecosystem services from Fuquene
Lake improved
Resulting changes on upstream water
Treatment
1
Treatment
21 2
Horizon
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
60
% v
olu
metr
ic w
ate
r
Conservation agriculture
Traditional agriculture
% V
olu
met
ric
Wat
erMore water stored, restoring the buffer
role of paramo
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
1 2 3 4
Size fraction
AO
M (
g/g
)
RT-Horizon 1 CT-Horizon 1 RT-Horizon 2 CT-Horizon 2
Conservation agriculture
Traditional agriculture
Acc
um
ula
ted
Org
anic
M
atte
r (g
/g)
Better soil porosity, filtration, increased water and carbon
storage
Triggers for change between alternate resilient states
S
Annual net income:2,183/ha
Annual net income:US$ 1,870/ha
Conservation agriculture and paramo restoration supported by revolving fund
Farmers‘ insufficient gain and risk aversion: only 11% converted
Revolving fund credit: +180 farmers /year
Potato cropping, grazing pressure, degradation of paramo
Lessons learnt on water and food social-ecological systems
States defined by recurring (local) variables
Soil properties (eg organic matter, carbon)
Water quantity and quality
Animal density (livestock, fish)
Household income
Community organisation
Non-linear changes,most often reversible
Lessons learnt on adaptability and transformability
Degraded water and food systems are often locked in resilient (poverty)
traps
Long-term efforts required to strengthen the resilience of desired states
Negative feedbacks (innovation adoption vs. risk-aversion)
Precariousness
Socio-economic interventions
Resilience TWG
Revisiting definitions Ability to maintain functioning despite stress, shocks or disturbance
Reflects ability of system to self-organize - build capacity for learning and adaptation
Resilience Analysis: looking at our BDCs with a “resilience lens”
After inception workshop, Basin champions now
Develop working definitions of their respective SES
Prioritize what their resilience research will focus on
Deal with some aspects that are particularly relevant in their
contexts (e.g. disturbances, thresholds, capacity for renewal and
learning etc), or
Attempt to conduct entire resilience assessments
TWG to develop of a position paper that links
theoretical approaches in resilience thinking to case
studies in the CPWF (phases I & II)