RESULTS OF PARTICIPATORY

ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE FOR

HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN

INFLUENZA IN UGANDA

Nantima N., Odoch Terrence, Sserugga J, Bryony J., Saskia,

H., Mariner J.,W. Kauta N., Ademun R., Ndumu D.,

Ayebazibwe C., Mugabi K., Rutebarika C.S., Mubiru E.D. and

Olaho-Mukani W.

U G A N D A

Outline for the presentation

• Background

• Objectives of study

• Methodology

• Results

• Discussion

• Conclusion

Background • Poultry keeping plays a vital role in most

households

• Poultry are kept for;

� Income

�Nutrition (Eggs& Meat)

�Food security,

�Cultural and traditional

functions

�Uganda is free from HPAI

�Risk is high

�Many wetlands

�NPs and game reserves

�Forests �Sanctuary

Background

�Country

lies in the

route of

migratory

birds

between

Eurasia

and Africa

Background

• Work funded by ILRI under the Early Detection Reporting and Surveillance project

Objectives

� to detect the presence

or absence of Highly

Pathogenic Avian

Influenza (H5N1) in the

country

�To assess the

epidemiology and

socioeconomic impact

of poultry diseases

Study area

Based on criteria,

10 districts were

selected for the PE

study

Methodology • Selecting high risk

areas

• Training veterinary personnel in these areas in PE

• In total 30 personnel trained in 2 trainings

– 25 District vets

– 3 Central govt vets

– 1 Private sector

– 1 University. RAKAI

MASAKA

MPIGI

MUKONO

TORORO

BUSIA

BU

GIR

I

BUTALEJA

WAKISO

JINJA

NAKAPIRIPIRIT

100 0 100 200 Kilometers

Methodology

• Districts trained in 2nd

training

• After the training, 10

districts considered to

be at high risk were

selected for the study

using the criteria

mentioned

MOROTOLIRA

GULUAMURU

MASINDI

HOIMA

KABA

RO

LE

KASESE

NAK

ASONG

OLA

SOROTI

APAC

AMOLATAR KABERAMAIDO

DO

KOLO

YUMBE

KOBOKO

Methodology • In each district, 2 villages/district were

purposively selected

• 2 interviews/ village were carried out

• Separate interviews for free range and commercial farmers

Methodology

• PE TOOLS USED

�SSI

�Pair wise

�Seasonal Calendars

�Proportional Piling

�Matrix scoring

� Impact Matrix

�Timelines

Results from Ranking

Poultry disease ranked based on their impact on

livelihoods

New Castle Disease (NCD) 1

Fowl Typhoid 2

Coccidiosis 3

Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD) 4

Fowl Pox 5

Results from Participatory Mapping

Results from Matrix scoring INDICATORS

/SIGNS NCD

FOWL TYPHOID

COCCIDIOSIS FOWL POX CRD

High

mortality ••••••

•••••••

13(12-14)

••••••

6 (4-8)

0 (0-3) •• 2 (0-0)

•••••• 6 (4-8)

Diarrhoea ••••• •••••

10(8-18)

••••••

•••••

11(10-13)

••••••

6(2-9)

•

1(0-2)

•

0.5(0-1)

Weight

loss

••• 3(1-11)

••••••

••••••

11.5(9-

13)

••••• ••••

9(8-12)

•••

2.5(1-5)

••

2(1-4)

Fever ••••••••

••••••••

16(14-20)

•••••

4.5(0-8)

0(0)

•••

2.5 (0-4)

•••••••

7(4-10)

Lesions on ••••••••••••

PROPORTIONAL PILING BASED ON

MORTALITY DISEASE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mea

n

Range

NCD 38 50 54 54 46 35 46 29 48 43 44 29-54

CRD 14 7 11 11 16 11 24 14 12 24 15.8 7-24

FOWL

POX

6 1 3 0 7 6 11 0 0 5 4 0-11

FOWL

TYPHOID

11 11 0 0 0 0 0 6 18 17 6 0-18

COCCIDIO

SIS

17 9 16 0 0 0 0 11 20 0 7 0-20

OTHERS 14 22 16 35 31 48 19 40 2 11 23 2-48

PROPORTIONAL PILING

BASED ON MORTALITY

NCD

CRD

FOWL POX

FOWL TYPHOID

COCCIDIOSIS

OTHERS

Seasonal Calendar

Discussion

• The results of participatory surveillance indicated that there were no HPAI outbreaks according to people’s indigenous knowledge, clinically and at post mortem examination.

• NCD mortality was very high affecting both free range and small-scale commercial farms.

Concluding Remarks

• NCD is negatively impacting on livelihoods of poultry farmers.

• Government should strive to address the high prevalence of NCD to improve incomes of rural communities

• A policy framework should be developed to promote safe poultry production.

Acknowledgement

Funders-ILRI & USAID

Jeff Mariner, Bryony Jones and Saskia H

Local Government Personnel, COVAB, PVP

and MAAIF officials who implemented the

work

Thank you for listening!!!!