Review from last Tuesday:Who/ where do we get the DNA that is in our cells? __________________________DNA is heritable material. What does heritable mean? ________________________DNA is made up of repeating ___________________________. Each nucleotide contains a ___________________, __________________, and nitrogenous ________.Figure 1 is a single nucleotide. Label the sugar, phosphate, and the base.What are the 4 different types of nucleotides and which bases pair with each other?______________________________________________________

Review from last Tuesday:1.DNA is inherited FROM OUR PARENTS.

1.Heritable = can be passed on to offspring

1.DNA is made up of repeating nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a sugar, phosphate , and nitrogenous base.

4. Figure 1 is a single nucleotide. Label the sugar, phosphate, and the base.

5. The 4 bases are A, T, G, C. A only pairs with T. G pairs with C.

PHOSPHATE

RIBOSE

BASE

ONE NUCLEOTIDE

• ALL living organisms are made of CELLS.

• The “control center” of a cell is called the NUCLEUS. The nucleus contains DNA, which gives instructions for how a living organism can function.

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/tour/

AGTAGTCCTAGATCGGCGTTGAAG

• This DNA is broken up into sections called GENES. Each gene codes for a SPECIFIC PRODUCT, such as a protein for HAIR color, EYE color, or BLOOD cells.

GENE GENE GENE

SPECIFIC PRODUCT

• BUT our cells are microscopic, yet our DNA has 3 MILLION base pairs, which would stretch out to 9 FEET

DID YOU KNOW?

If the ... length of the 100 trillion cells could be stretched out, it would be ... over 113 billion miles [182 billion kilometres]. That is enough material to reach to the sun and back 610 times

610 TIMES!

DID YOU KNOW?

The U.S. Department of Energy Human Genome Project Information Web site illustrates the size of the human genome by estimating that it would take "about 9.5 years to read out loud (without stopping) the more than three billion pairs of bases in one person's genome sequence"

SO.....HOW DO WE FIT ALL OF THIS DNA IN OUR CELLS

• DNA is tightly wound into CHROMOSOMES. Therefore, each chromosome contains DIFFERENT genes.

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/tour/

CELLS

NUCLEUS

DNA

CHROMOSOMES

GENES

Label this diagram with Cell, Nucleus, Chromosomes, DNA, gene

NUCLEUS

CELL CHROMOSOMESDNA

GENE

GUIDED PRACTICE

• WITH A PARTNER (15 minutes)