review of new world sericomyia (diptera: syrphidae), including

Review of New World Sericomyia (Diptera:Syrphidae), including description of a new species

Jeffrey H. Skevington,1 F. Christian Thompson

Abstract—The 19 New World species of Sericomyia Meigen are reviewed, including one speciesnew to North America (Sericomyia jakutica (Stackelberg)) and one previously undescribed species(Sericomyia vockerothi Skevington sp. nov. from Alberta, Minnesota, Northwest Territories,Quebec, and Yukon Territory). Mallota powelli Nayar and Cole is recognized as a junior synonymof Sericomyia flagrans (Osten Sacken). A description and illustrations of S. vockerothi and anillustrated key to New World Sericomyia are presented. DNA barcode data are presented for 14 NewWorld species and a cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene tree is presented and discussed. Geneticevidence supports the contention that the subgenera of Sericomyia are not monophyletic. ArctophilaSchiner and Conosyprhus Frey are thus proposed as junior synonyms of Sericomyia.

Resume—Nous revisons les 19 especes de Sericomyia Meigen du Nouveau Monde, y compris uneespece signalee pour la premiere fois en Amerique du Nord (Sericomyia jakutica (Stackelberg)) et uneespece encore non decrite (Sericomyia vockerothi Skevington sp. nov. d’Alberta, du Minnesota, desTerritoires du Nord-Ouest, du Quebec et du territoire du Yukon). Mallota powelli Nayar et Cole devientun synonyme plus recent de Sericomyia flagrans (Osten Sacken). Nous presentons une description et desillustrations de S. vockerothi, ainsi qu’un cle illustree pour l’identification des Sericomyia du NouveauMonde. Des donnees sur les codes a barres genetiques sont fournies pour 14 especes du Nouveau Monde,de meme qu’un arbre genique de la CO1 qui fait l’objet d’une discussion. Les donnees genetiquesappuient la proposition que les sous-genres de Sericomyia ne sont pas monophyletiques. Nous proposonsdonc Arctophila Schiner et Conosyrphus Frey comme synonymes plus recents de Sericomyia.

Introduction

We are pleased to be able to contribute to this

Festschrift celebrating the impact of the Manual

of Nearctic Diptera and its coordinators. Because

this is a paper on flower flies, we intend to focus on

Richard (Dick) Vockeroth. Dick was one of the

pre-eminent dipterists of the 20th century and had

tremendous impact on syrphid taxonomy. His

species concepts (whether published or not) are

tremendously insightful and his keys covering

many families are among the best ever written for

fly identification. It will be decades before we are

finished compiling his collection data and notes

into published papers. Here, we have incorporated

his unpublished work on Sericomyia Meigen with

our own views and some new data.

Sericomyiine flower flies are common in

boreal forests across the Holarctic region and

extend southward at higher elevations into the

Oriental and Neotropical regions. Thirty species

were known at the inception of this project: 10

restricted to the Palaearctic, 13 restricted to the

Nearctic, two Holarctic, three from the Orient,

and two from the Neotropics.

In this paper we describe one new species of

Sericomyia, highlight the presence of a Holarctic

species not previously known from North America,

recognize a misplaced and junior synonym, provide

new data on the difficult to identify and often

Holarctic northern species, illustrate the genitalia of

some species for the first time, provide habitus

illustrations for all of the species, and provide the

first key to the group since Curran (1934).

J.H. Skevington,1 Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture andAgri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, CanadaF.C. Thompson, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012,United States of America

1Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]).doi:10.4039/tce.2012.24

Received 28 January 2011. Accepted 4 April 2011.

Can. Entomol. 144: 216–247 (2012) � 2012 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada

216

Sericomyia larvae are rat-tailed maggots and

live in ponds rich in decomposing vegetation

where they filter out microorganisms as their

food (Rotheray 1993; van Veen 2004). Adults

are regularly found on flowers and many are also

conspicuous members of the hilltopping com-

munity (J.H. Skevington, unpublished data).

Materials and methods

Specimens examined in this study were

obtained from the following collections: Biodiversity

Institute of Ontario, Guelph, ON, Canada (BIOUG),

Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa,

ON, Canada (CNC), University of Guelph Insect

Collection, Guelph, ON, Canada (DEBU), Royal

Ontario Museum, Toronto, ON, Canada (ROME),

University of Alberta, E.H. Strickland Entomologi-

cal Museum, Edmonton, AB, Canada (UASM),

National Museum of Natural History, Washington,

DC, United States of America (USNM).

Specimen preparation follows Skevington (2003).

Photographs were taken with a Leica DM550B

compound microscope (Leica Microsystems Inc.,

Concord, Ontario, Canada) and a Canon EOS 50D

camera equipped with a 100 mm macro lens (Canon

Canada Inc., Mississauga, Ontario, Canada). In most

cases, Leica Application Suite was used to create a

montage from multiple layers of photographs.

Measurements were made using a graticule. At least

five specimens were used from each species to

obtain the recorded values. Terminology follows

Thompson et al. (2010). All specimens are labelled

with a unique reference number, typically in the

format J. Skevington Specimen # n, CNC Diptera

# n, debu n, or USNM ENT. The former three have

been shortened to follow the format JSSn, CNCDn,

and debun, respectively, throughout the text. These

numbers are used in the CNC Diptera specimen

database (available upon request). Standard two-

letter postal acronyms are used for distribution data.

Figures are presented in the order that they

appear in the key. Maps include points for all

specimens examined and were produced using

SimpleMappr (Shorthouse 2010). When addi-

tional range data are known from the literature it

is mentioned in the key along with a citation.

Molecular methodsAll molecular specimens (Appendix 1) were

dried, pinned, labelled, and labelled with a unique

number (see above). Two Palaearctic and 14 New

World species of Sericomyia were successfully

sequenced. Data are missing for the following

New World species: Sericomyia arctica Schirmer,

Sericomyia carolinensis (Metcalf), Sericomyia

harveyi (Osburn), Sericomyia meyeri (Fluke), and

Sericomyia fairmanorum Fairman. Attempts were

made to sequence these species but our material

was too old to amplify or had been prepared in

such a way that the DNA was destroyed (e.g.,

dried using ethyl acetate). A single leg was

removed from each specimen for sequencing and a

658 base pair fragment of the 50 end of the cyto-

chrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene (the ‘bar-

coding’ fragment) was amplified using the primer

pair LepF1 (50-ATTCAACCAATCATAAAGAT

ATTGG-30) and LepR1 (50-TAAACTTCTGGAT

GTCCAAAAAATCA-30) (Hebert et al. 2003).

DNA extraction and sequencing was performed

at both CNC and at the Canadian Centre for

DNA Barcoding following protocols outlined in

Hajibabaei et al. (2005). The resultant sequences,

as well as images and related data, can be accessed

through the Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)

(http://www.barcodinglife.org/) in the public project

‘Sericomyia – Skevington (SERSK)’ (http://www.

boldsystems.org/views/projectmenu.php?&). In

addition, all sequences were deposited in GenBank

(Appendix 1).

Data analysisNo insertions or deletions occur in the dataset

so alignment was unambiguous. Phenetic and

parsimony analyses were performed with PAUP*

(Swofford 2001). Neighbour-joining was used to

explore species concepts for all 105 ingroup

taxa. Parsimony and Bayesian methods were

used with a reduced dataset (one exemplar per

species) for creating phylogenetic hypotheses.

Character polarity was based on outgroup com-

parison (Nixon and Carpenter 1994). Several

species of Cheilosia Meigen were defined as

outgroup for all analyses (but not constrained as

such) because they are genetically closest to

Sericomyia from all of the available COI data

available on BOLD and in GenBank. Parsimony

analysis with a heuristic search procedure was

used with stepwise-addition and 100 random

replications. The heuristic search option was

used with tree bisection–reconnection branch

swapping, MULPARS, and random addition of

Skevington and Thompson 217

� 2012 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada

taxa. Multistate characters were treated as non-

additive. Evidential support for different clades

was assessed using the nonparametric bootstrap

(BS – 1000 replicates) (Felsenstein 1985). For

Bayesian analysis, models of evolution were

determined based on the Akaike Information

Criterion (AIC) using ModelTest 3.7 (Posada

and Crandall 1998). Bayesian analyses were

conducted using MrBayes 3.1.2 (Ronquist and

Huelsenbeck 2003) with a Markov Chain Monte

Carlo (MCMC) method. Four chains (three hot,

one cold) were run simultaneously for 400,000

generations. Trees were sampled every 10 gen-

erations and each simulation was run twice. The

MCMC chains achieved stationarity (standard

deviation of split frequencies ,0.01; all para-

meter estimates asymptotic) at 370,000 genera-

tions. Following the discard of the first 10,000

samples as burn-in, 30,000 samples were used

for each simulation to generate a majority-rule

consensus tree, posterior probabilities for each

node, and branch length estimates.

Results and discussion

Sericomyia Meigen

Cinxia Meigen, 1800: 35. Type-species, Musca

lappona L. by subsequent designation of

Coquillett (1910: 524). Name suppressed by

International Commission on Zoological

Nomenclature (1963).

Sericomyia Meigen, 1803: 274. Type-species,

Musca lappona L. by subsequent designation

of Latreille (1810: 443).

Arctophila Schiner, 1860: 215. Type-species,

Syrphus bombiformis Fallen by subsequent

designation of Williston (1887: 158). Syn. nov.

Condidea Coquillett, 1907: 75. Type-species,

lata Coquillett by original designation.

Fig. 1. Sericomyia tolli. A, Male habitus, dorsal (CNCD30733); B, female habitus, dorsal (CNCD30743); C, male

habitus, lateral (CNCD30733); D, female habitus, lateral (CNCD30743). Scale bars 5 2 mm.

A B

C D

218 Can. Entomol. Vol. 144, 2012


Conosyrphus Frey, 1915: 17. Type-species, tolli

Frey by original designation. Syn. nov.

Bulboscrobia Gaunitz, 1937: 91. Type-species,

undulans Gaunitz by original designation 5

lappona L.

Tapetomyia Fluke, 1939: 370. Type-species,

meyeri Fluke by original designation.

DescriptionHead

Face variable, black to yellow, with or without

black medial vitta, broad, about as broad as long,

occupying about one-third head width, concave

beneath antenna, usually with large low medial

tubercle, pollinose and pilose laterally, shiny and

bare medially; gena narrow, about half as broad

as long; anterior tentorial pit short, extending

along ventral one-third of eye; facial stipes

narrow; frontal prominence low, at dorsal half of

head; frontal lunule small, narrow; frons broad,

about as long as broad at antenna, with slightly

convergent sides dorsally, half as broad at vertex

as at antenna, pollinose and pilose; vertex tri-

angular, as long as broad, pollinose and pilose;

ocellar triangle small; eye bare; narrowly to

broadly holoptic in male; antenna short, at most

about one-third as long as face; basoflagellomere

oval to quadrate; arista pilose, about one and a

half times as long as antenna.

Thorax

Slightly broader than long, long to short

pilose, without setae; postpronotum pilose;

proanepisternum pilose, prokatepisternum bare;

proanepimeron pilose; mesonotum without

pollinose pattern; katepisternum discontinuously

pilose, with broadly separated patches; meta-

sternum pilose; anepimeron with dorsomedial

portion bare, posterior portion usually bare, rarely

with some pile anteroventrally; katepimeron bare;

postalar pile tuft absent, but with pile along ante-

rodorsal edge of postalar area; metathoracic

pleuron bare; metathoracic spiracle about same

size in height as length of basoflagellomere, but

narrower in width; plumula simple, elongate, short,

not reaching calypteral margin; scutellum without

apical sulcus, with ventral pile fringe.

Legs

Mesocoxa bare posteriorly; metafemur usually

narrow, rarely slightly swollen, without basoventral

setose patch; metatibia transverse apically, rounded

basoventrally.

Wing

Cell R1 open; stigmatic crossvein absent; cell

R4 1 5 with long petiole, longer than humeral

crossvein; vein R4 15 straight to moderately sinuate;

vein M2 absent; vein A1 1 CuA2 short, oblique.

Abdomen

Oval, slightly longer than broad.

ClassificationWithin the current classification of flower

flies, Sericomyia falls into the tribe Sericomyini

of the subfamily Eristalinae. This tribe now

contains only four genera. Besides Sericomyia,

these are: (1) Pyritis Hunter, with a single spe-

cies restricted to the Pacific Northwest of the

Nearctic region characterized by pilose eye and

face. (2) Pseudovolucella Shiraki, an Oriental

and Far Eastern Palaearctic group of 10 species

characterized by a distinctive enlarged flattened

head and enlarged metafemur (Reemer and

Hippa 2008). (3) Pararctophila Herve-Bazin, a

small group of two to three species ranging from

the Transbailkalia to the Himalayas character-

ized by a strongly sinuate vein R4 1 5.

The taxonomic concept of Sericomyia is old,

dating back to Meigen (1800), and based on two

species (M. lappona and Syrphus mussitans F.).

The essential characters were the pilose arista on

an oval basoflagellomere. Meigen (1800) first

named the taxon Cinxia but the International

Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (1963)

suppressed that name, so his subsequent name,

Sericomyia, is valid.

This original concept included two kinds of

flies: short pilose flies with transverse yellow

fasciate maculae on the abdomen and long pilose

flies without yellow maculae on the abdomen.

The latter are bumble bee (Bombus Latreille

(Hymenoptera: Apidae)) mimics. Schiner (1860)

proposed the name Arctophila for the bumble

bee mimics. He also noted that these species are

more robust and their faces are produced much

more ventrally.

Next, Coquillett (1907) proposed Condidea for a

new species which has large circular yellow macu-

lae on the abdomen and is similar to Sericomyia.

Frey (1915) described Conosyrphus for a new high



Fig. 2. A, Sericomyia vockerothi female field photo, dorsal (Canada: AB: Blackfoot Lake, 53.5369448N,

112.7797228W, 14.v.2006, J.J. Dombroski (specimen not collected)); B, S. vockerothi male habitus, lateral

(CNCD35754); C, S. vockerothi surstylus and associated structures, lateral (CNCD35755); D, S. vockerothi surstylus

and associated structures, dorsal (CNCD35755); E, S. vockerothi hypandrium and associated structures, lateral

(CNCD35755); F, S. vockerothi hypandrium, dorsal (CNCD35755); G, S. harveyi male habitus, dorsal (JSS22100); H,

S. harveyi male habitus, lateral (JSS22100). Scale bars for colour illustrations 5 2 mm; for genitalia 5 0.2 mm.

A B

C

D

E

F

G

H

proximal lobeof surstylus

distallobe ofsurstylus

cercus

epandrium

postgonite

phallus

hypandrium

surstylus



arctic species, which is sexually dimorphic (male

with an entirely black abdomen, the female with the

standard yellow fasciate maculae on the abdomen)

and has a greatly ventrally produced face. Later,

Gaunitz (1937) encountered an aberrant specimen of

Sericomyia lappona and, because of the unusual

appearance of furrows on the abdomen, proposed

Bulboscrobia for it. Finally, Fluke (1939) described

Tapetomyia for a bumble bee mimic from Mexico.

The ‘‘truncated’’ basoflagellomere and dichoptic

male along with the ‘‘longer and narrower’’ face

were declared as distinctive.

Hull (1949), in the last comprehensive generic

treatment of the family, recognized Sericomyia

and Tapetomyia as distinct with Arctophila,

Bulboscrobia, Condidea, and Conosyrphus as

subgenera of Sericomyia. Curran (1934) declared

Condidea as ‘‘hardly tenable’’, and Wirth et al.

(1965) formally synonymized the genus with

Sericomyia. Gaunitz (1963) later synonymized his

own genus Bulboscrobia under Sericomyia (as

Cinxia). Thompson et al. (1976) in their Neotropical

flower fly catalogue synonymized Tapetomyia with

Arctophila. Later Thompson et al. (2000) declared

Arctophila to be only a phenetic group.

When these new off-shots from Sericomyia were

proposed, they seemed reasonable. For Schiner

(1860), the two European Arctophila species were

quite different from the other Sericomyia species as

they were bumble bee mimics with robust meta-

femora and long faces. Later, however, when Osten

Sacken (1875) described flagrans from North

America, which has neither a long face nor robust

metafemur, the only distinction was the mimetic

appearance. Likewise, when Fluke (1939) descri-

bed Tapetomyia, he was comparing his species

with flagrans, not the European species, which

have longer faces. As for the dichoptic male, there

is a Chinese bumble bee mimic which is also

dichoptic, but has a short face like flagrans. So, the

only characteristic that defines and separates

‘‘Arctophila’’ from Sericomyia is the mimetic

appearance; hence the declaration that Arctophila

is only a phenetic group.

As for Conosyrphus, again when the species

tolli was described (Frey 1915), it was atypical

of the genus Sericomyia due to it long face and

dimorphic sexes. However, Portschinsky (1881)

described a species from Caucasia with a long face

just like tolli that was later placed in Conosyrphus

(as a new species by Coe 1966). This species is not

sexually dimorphic but does have a face even

longer than tolli! Also, Sericomyia himalayensis

Brunetti (1907, 1908) has a long face, but otherwise

is typical of Sericomyia.

In summary, the characters originally proposed

to define the taxonomic concepts of Arctophila,

Conosyrphus, and Tapetomyia vary independently

Map 1. Range map for Sericomyia slossonae (triangles), Sericomyia tolli (circles), and Sericomyia

vockerothi (stars).

Map 1



Fig. 3. A, Sericomyia flagrans male habitus, dorsal (CNCD1976); B, S. flagrans male habitus, dorsal (to show

variation in abdominal colouration) (USNMENT00035368); C, S. flagrans male habitus, lateral (CNCD1976);

D, Sericomyia meyeri female habitus, dorsal (USNMENT00022495); E, S. meyeri female habitus, lateral

(USNMENT00022495); F, Sericomyia fairmanorum female habitus, dorsal (USNMENT00037868);

G, S. fairmanorum female habitus, lateral (USNMENT00037868). Scale bars 5 2 mm.

A B

C

D

E

F

G



within the clade that Meigen originally recognized

as Sericomyia. Hence, we here formally return to

Meigen’s concept and officially treat Arctophila and

Conosyrphus as new synonyms of it. Molecular

support for this is discussed in the phylogeny

section below.

Map 2. Range map for Sericomyia fairmanorum (circles), Sericomyia harveyi (triangles), and Sericomyia

meyeri (stars).

Map 2

Key to New World Sericomyia

1 Face yellow, medially and greatly produced ventrally, projecting more than half eye length below eye

(Fig. 1A–1D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .tolli (Frey)

Arctic (AK, NT, NU, YT, Eurasia) (Map 1); Frey (1915: 18, Conosyrphus).

– Face usually projecting less than half eye length below eye (cf. Fig. 10F), if longer then with black medial vitta

(Fig. 5D–5E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

2 Abdomen with yellow markings at least on tergum 2; body with short hairs; flies not mimicking bumble bees . . . .7

– Abdomen entirely black, with some or all of terga 2–4 red- or yellow-haired; body with long pile; flies mimicking

bumble bees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3 Scutellum yellow pilose (Fig. 3A, 3D, 3F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

– Scutellum black pilose (Fig. 2A, 2G) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

4 Face black; postalar callus yellow pilose; scutum entirely yellow pilose (Fig. 2A–2F) . . . . . . .vockerothi sp. nov.

North central and northeastern North America (AB, MN, NT, QC, YT) (Map 1); here described.

– Face brownish-yellow, with brown medial vitta; postalar callus black pilose; scutum broadly black pilose anterior

to scutellum (Figs. 2G–2H, 5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . harveyi (Osburn)

Pacific coast (BC to OR, CA) (Map 2); Osburn (1908: 9, Arctophila).



5 Face yellow medially; antenna orange; anepimeron pilose posteriorly (Figs. 3A–3C, 6) . . . flagrans (Osten Sacken)

Western North America (AB, AK, BC, CA, CO, ID, MT, NM, NV, OR, UT, WA, WY, YT) (Map 3); Osten

Sacken (1875: 54, Arctophila)

– Face and antenna dark, reddish-brown to black (Fig. 3E, 3G); anepimeron bare posteriorly . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

6 Abdomen extensively yellow to reddish pilose on 3rd and 4th terga; wing bare basomedially; face produced

ventrally; male dichoptic; male metatibia without apical spur (Figs. 3D–3E, 5) . . . . . . . . . . . . meyeri (Fluke)

Central Mexico (Map 2); Fluke (1939: 370, Tapetomyia).

– Abdomen black pilose on 3rd and 4th terga; wing microtrichose; face not produced ventrally; male holoptic; male

metatibia with apical spur (Figs. 3F–3G, 5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fairmanorum (Fairman)

Costa Rica (Map 2); Fairman (Thompson et al. 2000: 40, Arctophila).

7 Face yellow with medial black vitta (Fig. 5D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

– Face completely yellow without medial black vitta (Fig. 4C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

8 Abdomen with only one pair of maculae; maculae fasciate, narrow, on 2nd tergum; scutellum yellow pilose; all

basitarsi orange to reddish-brown (Fig. 4A–4B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . carolinensis (Metcalf)

Southeastern United States of America (MD to MS) (Map 3); Metcalf (1917: 209, Cinxia).

– Abdomen with three pairs of maculae; maculae rotund on 2nd tergum, arcuate on 3rd and 4th terga; scutellum

extensively black pilose; all tarsi black (Fig. 4C–4F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lata (Coquillett)

BC to NB south to NE, WV (Map 4; Pape and Thompson 2010); Coquillett (1907: 75, Condidea).

9 Abdomen with two pairs of fasciate maculae; maculae absent on 4th tergum (male only) (Fig. 5A–5B)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bifasciata Williston

MI and ON to NL south to PA (Map 3; Pape and Thompson 2010); Williston (1887: 154).

– Abdomen usually with three or more pairs of fasciate maculae (cf. Fig. 6A, 6E); if only two, then none on 2nd

tergum and a pair present on 4th tergum (Fig. 6F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

10 Abdomen with maculae on 2nd tergum twice as large as rest of maculae; legs all black except femoral-tibial joints

reddish; scutellum with disc with appressed black setae (Fig. 6A–6C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . transversa (Osburn)

ND and MB east to NL (Map 5; Pape and Thompson 2010); Osburn (1926: 51, Condidea).

– Abdomen with maculae on 2nd tergum subequal to those on other terga; legs with at least pro- and mesotibiae

reddish-brown to yellow; scutellum with erect normal pile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

11 Maculae on 2nd tergum small, often absent; all maculae small, oblique, dashlike, widest medially; scutellum usually

reddish; male metacoxa with spur; anepimeron black pilose; postalar callus yellow pilose, rarely with a few black pili

intermixed; abdomen usually yellow pilose, with 4th tergum yellow (Fig. 6D–6G) . . . . . . . . . . militaris Walker

AK to NL south to NM (Map 6; Pape and Thompson 2010); Walker (1849: 595).

– Maculae on 2nd tergum very distinct, elongate and oblique, those of following terga wider laterally . . . . . .12

12 Face produced strongly ventrally by a distance more than three-fourth height of eye; metafemur black except narrowly

yellow on apex; frons all black pilose (females only) (Fig. 5C–5F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bifasciata Williston

See above.

– Face not strongly produced ventrally, by a distance less than half of eye height (cf. Fig. 10F); metafemur of

female all yellow; frons with ventral one-third yellow pilose (males and females) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

13 Abdominal fasciae with concave margins, narrowest submedially, broadly separated medially (cf.

Fig. 10A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

– Abdominal fasciae with straight margins narrowest medially, continuous or only narrowly separated medially (cf.

Fig. 8A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

14 All femora black on basal two-thirds or more; hypandrium very similar to that of S. woodi with two to three small

apical protuberances (Fig. 7A–7B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . slossonae Curran

ON, NY and NH (Map 1); Curran (1934: 4).

– At least metafemur reddish-orange to reddish-brown (Figs. 8B, 9B); hypandrium as illustrated in Figs. 8D, 8F,

9D–9E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

15 Proepimeral and procoxal setae entirely yellow (Fig. 8C); hypandrium knife-like with large dorsal proximal

protuberance and two smaller distal protuberances (Fig. 8D, 8F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . nigra Portschinsky

Arctic, AK to NL, Eurasia (Map 7); Portschinsky (1873: 291).

– Proepimeral and procoxal setae usually entirely black, occasionally yellow with some black bristles (Fig. 9C);

hypandrium with two to three small distal protuberances (Fig. 9D, 9F) . . . . . . woodi Nielsen and Vockeroth

Arctic, AK, NT, YT (Map 5); Nielsen and Vockeroth (2000: 137).



Sericomyia vockerothi Skevingtonsp. nov.

(Fig. 2A–2F, Map 1)

DiagnosisSericomyia vockerothi is superficially similar

to the common and widespread Sericomyia fla-

grans (Fig. 3) but differs in having an entirely

black pilose scutellum (similar to the uncommon

S. harveyi). The face is entirely black, the post-

alar callus is yellow pilose, and the scutum is

entirely yellow pilose.

DescriptionBody length: 12.6 to 14.0 mm; wing length:

9.5 to 10.5 mm.

Head

Frons and face entirely dark brown to black (Fig.

2B); face bare and shiny except for golden vestiture

beneath antennae and a mixture of pale yellow and

black pile along the lateral fringe; frons and ocellar

triangle covered with long, pale yellow pile; occiput

silvery-white pollinose, yellow pilose dorsally;

antenna light brown, black pilose; arista pilose;

male holoptic with area of contact somewhat shorter

than length of ocellar triangle, female dichoptic.

Thorax

Black; postpronotum, mesonotum and postalar

callus entirely yellow pilose; scutellum black

pilose (Fig. 2A); proepisternum with sparse

yellow pile; proepimeron with black pile; anterior

anepisternum bare; posterior anepisternum and

anterior anepimeron with long, dense yellow pile;

katepisternum with black pile ventrally, bare and

shining medially and with yellow pile dorsally;

meron, posterior anepimeron and katetergum bare;

metasternum black pilose; plumula black with

short black pile; calypter black with black fringe.

Legs

Femora and tibiae shape cylindrical with no

protuberances, black, black pilose; tarsomeres

1–3 reddish brown with dorsal setae black, ventral

pile reddish brown; tarsomeres 4–5 blackish with

black setae.

Wing

Wing completely densely microtrichose; dark

brown at base and on pterostigma, light brown in

costal cell, middle of r1, basal half of r2 1 3, distal

third of br and around r-m and bm-cu; remainder

of wing hyaline.

Abdomen

Black; terga 1–4 shiny, black pilose; tergum 5

mostly to entirely black, sometimes yellow along

posterior margin, shiny to weakly grey pollinose,

yellow pilose; sterna 2–4 shiny black with black

pile; sternum 5 black to brown with yellow pile;

terminalia black to brown and yellow pilose.

16 Supra-alar pile yellow (Figs. 11A–11C, 12A–12B, 12F–12G) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

– Supra-alar pile extensively black (Fig. 10A, 10E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

17 Abdominal bands oblique (Fig. 10E, 10G); hypandrium narrow with a few scattered lateral spines (Fig. 10H)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . chrysotoxoides Macquart

AB to NL south to TN and SC (Map 8); Macquart (1842: 79).

– Abdominal bands transverse (Fig. 10A, 10C); hypandrium wide, flared out medially, with a row of rather

uniformly spaced lateral spines (Fig. 10D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . chalcopyga Loew

AK to SK south to CA and UT (Map 9); Loew (1863: 12).

18 Tergum 3 with yellow pile; scutellum black, same colour or slightly paler than thoracic dorsum; tibiae black;

markings on terga 2–4 almost identical, constricted medially; hypandrium tip flared with three hook-like teeth

(Fig. 11A–11G) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . sexfasciata Walker

AK to NL and ME (Map 10; Pape and Thompson 2010); Walker (1849: 596).

– Tergum 3 with black pile in male, yellow or mixed yellow and black pile in female; scutellum reddish brown,

contrasting with black thoracic dorsum; tibiae usually brownish red, rarely black; band on tergum 4 narrower than

those on terga 2–3, only slightly constricted medially; hypandrium not as above . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

19 Male hypandrium with saw-like edges; females indistinguishable from S. jakutica (Fig. 12A–12E)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . arctica Schirmer

AK to NU, Eurasia (Map 4); Schirmer (1913: 221).

– Male hypandrium with smooth edges, and sharp divergent tips; females indistinguishable from S. arctica

(Fig. 12F–12J) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . jakutica (Stackelberg)

AK to MB, Russia (Map 8); Stackelberg (1927: 21, Cinxia).



Fig. 4. A, Sericomyia carolinensis male habitus, lateral (CNCD29611); B, S. carolinensis male habitus, dorsal

(CNCD29611); C, S. lata female, frontal of head (CNCD601); D, S. lata male habitus, lateral (CNCD2222);

E, Sericomyia lata male habitus, dorsal (CNCD2222); F, S. lata female field photo (S.A. Marshall). Scale bars 5 2 mm.



Genitalia

Surstylus short, with pointed, upturned term-

inal finger deflected left (Fig. 2C–2D); proximal

lobe of surstylus bare on outer surface, heavily

setose on medial surface; distal lobe of surstylus

covered with setae on most surfaces, bare only

on finger-like tips; cercus somewhat rectangular

with longer setae than surstylus; hypandrium

with large holes dorsally giving it a skull-like

appearance from above (Fig. 2E); large tooth at

distal end of hypandrium (Fig. 2E–2F); ejacu-

latory apodeme bulb-shaped; phallapodeme

broad, axe-shaped proximally; postgonite with

four to five dorsal teeth on outer lobe (Fig. 2E),

inner lobe smooth; phallus smooth, hook-shaped,

with hook projecting dorsally (Fig. 2E).

Map 3. Range map for Sericomyia bifasciata (circles), Sericomyia carolinensis (stars), and Sericomyia flagrans

(triangles).

Map 3

Map 4. Range map for Sericomyia lata (circles) and Sericomyia arctica (triangles).

Map 4



Material examinedHolotype # labelled: CANADA, YUKON

TERRITORY: Sheldon Lake, 62.66778N,

131.10008W, 914 m, 21.vii.1960, J.E.H. Martin,

CNCD35752 (CNC).

Paratypes: CANADA: ALBERTA: Doussal,

55.61698N, 116.83158W, 632 m, 1.vi.1961, A.R.

Brooks, CNCD35754 (1 #, CNC). NORTH-

WEST TERRITORIES: Martin River, 10 miles

NW of Fort Simpson, 61.89348N, 121.61328W,

Fig. 5. Sericomyia bifasciata. A, Male habitus, dorsal (CNCD29545); B, male habitus, lateral (CNCD2711); C,

female habitus, lateral (CNCD2712); D, female head, frontal (CNCD600); E, female head, lateral (CNCD2712);

F, female habitus, dorsal (CNCD31287). Scale bars 5 2 mm.

A B

C

D E

F



Fig. 6. A, Sericomyia transversa female habitus, dorsal (CNCD509); B, S. transversa female habitus, lateral

(CNCD510); C, S. transversa male scutellum, dorsal (CNCD509); D, Sericomyi militaris male scutellum, dorsal

(CNCD111); E, S. militaris female field photo (S.A. Marshall); F, S. militaris male habitus, dorsal (CNCD111);

G, S. militaris male habitus, lateral (CNCD111). Scale bars 5 2 mm.

A B

F

D

C

G

E



15.vi.1972, B.V. Peterson, CNCD35755 (1 #,

CNC). QUEBEC: Albanel, 48.82948N, 72.35128W,

13.vi.2009, blueberry field, J. Moisan-De Serres,

JSS19703 (1 ~, CNC); Dolbeau, 48.86108N,

72.23458W, 17.vi.2009, blueberry field, J. Moisan-

De Serres, JSS19236 (1 ~, CNC); St.-Eugene,

49.00038N, 72.34768W, 16.vi.2009, blueberry field,

J. Moisan-De Serres, JSS19210 (1 #, USNM).

YUKON TERRITORY: Swim Lakes, 62.21678N,

133.00008W, 975 m, 23.vi.1960, F.W. Rockburne,

CNCD35753 (1 ~, USNM); La Force Lake,

62.68338N, 132.33338W, 1006 m, 5.vii.1960, F.W.

Rockburne, CNCD35751 (1 ~, CNC). UNITED

STATES: MINNESOTA: West Cook, Saganaga

Map 5. Range map for Sericomyia transversa (triangles) and Sericomyia woodi (circles).

Map 5

Map 6. Range map for Sericomyia militaris.

Map 6



Lake, Conners Island, 48.240168N, 90.849558W,

3.vi.1964, W.E. LaBerge & D.W. Ribble, USN-

MENT00036891 (1 #, USNM).

EtymologyNamed for John Richard Vockeroth, in recogni-

tion of his life-long achievements in syrphidology

research. Dick was also in the process of revising

Sericomyia, so here we build on his knowledge of

the group.

DistributionWidespread but rarely collected across northern

Canada (AB, NT, QC, YT – Map 1).

RemarksThis is the ‘‘nov. spec.’’ from north central

North America given in the Arctophila key by

Thompson et al. (2000).

Revisionary notes

1. Mallota powelli Nayar and Cole (1968:

288) is merely a mis-identified species and is a

junior synonym of S. flagrans (Osten Sacken)

(syn. nov.).

2. The colour characters given by van Stack-

elberg (1927) and van Veen (2004) to separate

S. arctica from Sericomyia jakutica do not work.

Nielsen (1997) also recognized this.

3. Sericomyia jakutica is here recognized for

the first time from the Nearctic Region, we have

examined the following specimens from the

Nearctic Region: USA: AK: King Salmon,

Naknek River, 58.68338N, 156.658W, 1.viii.1952,

13.vii.1952, 23.vii.1952, 31.vii.1952, J.B. Hartley,

CNCD30105, 30108, 30670-6, 30683 (10 ##,

CNC); Oumalik, 69.83338N, 156.008W, 15.vii.1949,

N.A. Weber, CNCD30669 (CNC). Canada: MB:

Twin Lakes, 58.632088N, 96.788518W, 15.vii.2007,

P. Hebert, CNCD30696 (CNC); 23 km E Churchill,

Ramsay Creek, 58.730108N, 93.771008W,

3.vii.2007, P. Hebert, 07PROBE10093 (BIOG),

CNCD30690 (2 ##, CNC); Churchill, 58.76888N,

94.17168W, 10, 12.vii.1948, 25, 28.vi.1952,

24.vii.1952, J.G. Chillcott, L.A. Miller,

CNCD30104, 30688, 30692-4 (2 ##, 3 ~~,

CNC). NT: Coppermine, 62.562738N, 115.092768W,

3.viii.1951, S.D. Hicks, CNCD30689 (1 #, CNC);

Norman Wells, 65.266678N, 126.816678W,

5.viii.1969, G.E. Shewell, CNCD2230 (1 ~, CNC);

Reindeer Depot, Mackenzie Delta, 68.668978N,

134.071578W, 2,4.vii.1948, J.R. Vockeroth, W.J.

Brown, CNCD30106-7, 30678-81, 30686-7,

30695 (8 ##, 1 ~, CNC), Kidluit Bay,

Richard Island, 69.326348N, 134.437248W, 28,

30.vii.1948, J.R. Vockeroth, CNCD30677.

30691 (1 #, 1 ~, CNC), 21 miles E Tuktoyaktuk,

69.426848N, 132.172478W, 8–12, 17–21.vii.1971,

D.M. Wood, CNCD2212, 30682, 30684-5 (4 ##,

CNC), Tuktoyaktuk, 69.433858N, 133.014738W,

15–18.vii.2010, H. Goulet, C. Boudreault,

JSS24604–6, 24959 (1 #, 3 ~~, CNC), Sachs

Harbour, 71.986538N, 125.2438W, 19–22.vii.2010,

H. Goulet, C. Boudreault, JSS24953-4 (2 ~~,

CNC). YT: Summit Lake, N. Richardson Mountains,

Fig. 7. Sericomyia slossonae male habitus (CNCD508). A, Dorsal; B, lateral. Scale bars 5 2 mm.

A B



Fig. 8. Sericomyia nigra. A, Male habitus, dorsal (CNCD30637); B, female habitus, lateral (CNCD9764); C,

male foreleg, lateral (CNCD30583); D, hypandrium (phallus removed; CNCD30591); E, surstyli and associated

structures (CNCD30590); F, lateral of hypandrium and associated structures (CNCD30951). Scale bars for colour

illustrations 5 2 mm; for genitalia 5 0.2 mm.

A B

C

D

FE



68.164038N, 136.988258W, 3.vii.1987, S.A.

Marshall, debu1047493 (1 #, DEBU).

Species concepts

DNA barcode data (50 end of the COI) were

collected for 101 Sericomyia specimens of 16 spe-

cies to test current morphological species concepts

and provide a database to assist with future identi-

fications (particularly of non-adults). Most (97 spe-

cimens of 14 species) sampled were Nearctic. All

morphological species except two were supported

by the molecular data and all showed very little

intraspecific variation (Fig. 13). Uncorrected pair-

wise divergences varied from 0% to 0.72% within

species and 0% to 9.85% between species. Average

Map 7. Range map for Sericomyia nigra.

Map 7

Map 8. Range map for Sericomyia chrysotoxoides (circles) and Sericomyia jakutica (triangles).

Map 8



Fig. 9. Sericomyia woodi. A, Male habitus, dorsal (CNCD30858); B, female habitus, lateral (CNCD30858); C,

male foreleg, lateral (CNCD30856); D, hypandrium and associated structures (CNCD2232); E, surstyli and

associated structures (CNCD2232); F, lateral of hypandrium and associated structures (CNCD2232). Scale bars

for colour illustrations 5 2 mm; for genitalia 5 0.2 mm.

A B

C

D

F

G



Fig. 10. A, Sericomyia chalcopyga male habitus, dorsal (CNCD1843); B, S. chalcopyga male habitus, lateral

(CNCD1843); C, S. chalcopyga male field photo (John Davis); D, S. chalcopyga hypandrium (CNCD33896); E,

Sericomyia chrysotoxoides male habitus, dorsal (CNCD29977); F, S. chrysotoxoides male head, lateral

(CNCD505); G, S. chrysotoxoides female field photo (Virginia, Dave Cheung); H, S. chrysotoxoides hypandrium

(CNCD29795). Scale bars for colour illustrations 5 2 mm; for genitalia 5 0.2 mm.

A B

C

E

G

F

blacksupra-alarpile

HD



pairwise divergence between species was 5.36% and

most species were more than 2% different. Excep-

tions were Sericomyia slossonae and Sericomyia

woodi (0.73–1.21% different) and S. jakutica and

Sericomyia tolli. The latter two species were found

to be genetically identical. Several specimens were

sampled for each species to ensure that this was not

the result of a sequencing error. These species are

dramatically different morphologically and have

been treated as belonging to separate subgenera

historically. S. tolli has pronounced sexual

dimorphism (sexes are similar in S. jakutica), dif-

ferent colour patterns from S. jakutica, and a greatly

projecting face (face of S. jakutica is half the length).

Map 9. Range map for Sericomyia chalcopyga.

Map 9

Map 10. Range map for Sericomyia sexfasciata.

Map 10



Fig. 11. Sericomyia sexfasciata. A, Female habitus, dorsal (CNCD507); B, female habitus, lateral (CNCD507);

C, male field photo (Churchill, Manitoba, J.H. Skevington); D, lateral of hypandrium and associated structures

(CNCD30648); E, hypandrium, ventral (CNCD30648); F, surstyli and associated structures (CNCD30648); G,

hypandrium, dorsal (CNCD30648). Scale bars for colour illustrations 5 2 mm; for genitalia 5 0.2 mm.

A B

C

D

F

G

E



Fig. 12. A, Sericomyia arctica male habitus, dorsal (CNCD29517); B, S. arctica male habitus, lateral

(CNCD29517); C, S. arctica surstyli and associated structures (CNCD29518); D, S. arctica lateral of hypandrium

and associated structures (CNCD29518); E, S. arctica hypandrium and associated structures (CNCD29518); F,

Sericomyia jakutica male habitus, dorsal (genitalia twisted out for examination – CNCD30683); G, S. jakutica

male habitus, lateral (CNCD30683); H, S. jakutica surstyli and associated structures (CNCD30107); I, S. jakutica

lateral of hypandrium and associated structures (CNCD30107); J, S. jakutica hypandrium and associated

structures (CNCD30669). Scale bars for colour illustrations 5 2 mm; for genitalia 5 0.2 mm.

A B

F G

E

H

J

I

saw-like teethon hypandrium

hypandriumsmooth withsharp,divergent tips

D

C



Some species that show substantial variation

in colour patterns among individuals were found

to be genetically cohesive. For example, 22

specimens of Sericomyia militaris were sampled

from across the species range, including a vari-

ety of phenotypes. These specimens varied by

less than 0.69% for COI and no differences were

found within the genitalia. Similarly, six speci-

mens of S. flagrans were sampled and included

dark specimens, predominantly yellow speci-

mens and specimens with considerable orange

pile. They varied by less than 0.61% for COI and

Fig. 13. Neighbour-joining phenogram of Sericomyia species produced from analysis of COI data.

S. sachalinica CNCD-2220

S. militaris CNCD9376

S. militaris CNCD-4997



S. militaris 08|08BBDIP-1367

S. militaris 09BBEDI-0098



S. militaris 07PROBE-04537


S. militaris 08TTML-0548



S. militaris 08BBDIP-1656










S. lappona CNCD-2111



S. bifasciata CNCD-2214



S. bifasciata 09BBEDI-0250

S. bifasciata 09BBEDI-0458

S. chrysotoxoides 08TTML-0547

S. chrysotoxoides CNCD-4996



S. chrysotoxoides 09BBEDI-0248























S. chalcopyga CNCD-1902



S. flagrans 08|08BBDIP-1022

S. flagrans CNCD-1567

S. flagrans USNMENT35369

S. flagrans CNCD1564


S. flagrans USNMENT35368

S. lata 08BBDIP-0373

S. lata CNCD-2222

S. lata CNCD-18

S. lata 09BBEDI-0196

S. lata CNCD-2223

S. jakutica 07PROBE-10093

S. jakutica JSS24953


S. tolli CNCD-2234

S. jakutica CNCD-2230

S. jakutica CNCD-2212


S. jakutica debu1047493

S. tolli CNCD30742

S. tolli CNCD30712

S. nigra CNCD-2228

S. nigra CNCD-2227

S. transversa CNCD-2236

S. transversa CNCD-2237

S. woodi CNCD-2240

S. woodi CNCD-2232

S. woodi debu1047488

S. slossonae debu170285

S. slossonae 30699

S. sexfasciata CNCD9573

S. sexfasciata CHU06-SYR-123

S. sexfasciata 07PROBE-10084





S. sexfasciata CNCD-2235

S. vockerothi JSS19210


Cheilosia sp. 09BBEDI-0756

C. sp.| JSS21087

C. prima CNCD14810

C. sp. nov. 1 CNCD9545

C. sp. 09BBEDI-0751

C. sp. nov. 2 CNCD9158

C. nigrofasciata CNCD11268

C. sp. JSS21085

C. tristis 07WNP-10967

To 1

To 2

1

2



also showed no variation in genitalic characters.

Specimens showing pronounced differences in

colour pattern were also collected at the same

location on the same dates, further supporting

their treatment as a single species.

The molecular data from this study are avail-

able from GenBank and can be analysed and

explored in the public project on BOLD

‘‘Sericomyia – Skevington (SERSK)’’ (http://www.

boldsystems.org/views/projectmenu.php?&).

Phylogeny

Parsimony analysis of COI data using single

exemplars for each species available produced

12 equally parsimonious cladograms (Fig. 14).

The strict consensus tree produced is very

similar to the topology of the Bayesian con-

sensus tree (Fig. 15). The only difference is that

the Bayesian tree shows some additional reso-

lution. Two major lineages of Sericomyia are

Fig. 14. Strict consensus cladogram of Sericomyia species produced from parsimony analysis of COI data.

Bremer supports followed by bootstraps indicate clade support.

Cheilosia sp. nov. CNCD9545


C. prima CNCD14810

C. tristis 07WNP-10967

Sericomyia bifasciata 09BBEDI-0250

S. chalcopyga CNCD929

S. sachalinica CNCD2220

S. chrysotoxoides CNCD2217

S. lappona CNCD2111



S. lata CNCD2222

S. transversa CNCD2237

S. nigra CNCD2228


S. woodi CNCD2240



S. tolli CNCD30742


3, 73

1

1

1

1

1

6, 85

2, 82

1, 79

5, 85

4, 813, 96

5, 96



supported but they do not reflect the current

subgeneric concepts.

The close relationship between S. (Conosyrphus)

tolli and S. (Sericomyia) jakutica supports our belief

that Conosyrphus is a synonym of Sericomyia. The

two Arctophila species included in the analysis

(S. flagrans and S. vockerothi) are hypothesized to

be in entirely different lineages, supporting our

synonymy above as well as the contention of

Thompson et al. (2000) that Arctophila is not

monophyletic. In the future it would be inter-

esting to add some Old World Arctophila species

to the analysis to see how many times bumble

bee mimicry arose within the group.

A few other patterns appear from this analysis.

The two Old World species that we have data for

are in this same lineage and are closely related to

S. militaris. Sequence data for more Old World

Sericomyia are needed to find out if they are all

in this one clade.

Within the other large lineage Sericomyia lata

and Sericomyia transversa are weakly supported

as sister taxa. These are both rather autapo-

morphic Sericomyia that would be difficult to

place morphologically so it will be interesting if

future research using more genes supports this

relationship. Within this lineage Sericomyia

nigra, S. slossonae, and S. woodi are supported

as closely related. Their relationship was

anticipated based on morphology as they all

have continuous bands on abdominal terga 2–4

and have very similar genitalia. S. slossonae and

Fig. 15. 50% majority rule consensus cladogram of Sericomyia species produced from Bayesian analysis of COI

data. Clade supports shown are posterior probabilities.

Cheilosia tristis 07WNP-10967


C.sp. nov. CNCD9545

C. prima CNCD14810

Sericomyia bifasciata 09BBEDI-0250

S. chalcopyga CNCD929

S. chrysotoxoides CNCD2217

S. sachalinica CNCD2220

S. militaris 07PROBE04537

S. lappona CNCD2111


S. lata CNCD2222

S. transversa CNCD2237

S. nigra CNCD2228

S. woodi CNCD2240




S. tolli CNCD30742


0.98

0.66

0.80

1.00

1.00

1.00

0.20

0.10

0.0

0.82

0.54

0.97

0.95 0.68

0.73

0.89



S. woodi have virtually identical genitalia, are

very similar genetically and are best separated

based only on leg colour. Their disjunct dis-

tributions support their continued treatment as

separate species but more study is needed.

Adding additional genes and a morphological

dataset is clearly the next step to more fully

understand the relationships and evolution of

Sericomyia species.

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Barry Flahey for producing the

excellent genitalia drawings and to Scott Kelso

for developing protocols for sequencing historical

pinned specimens and for collecting the COI

barcoding data for many of the species of

Sericomyia. This study was supported by fund-

ing to Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, the

International Barcode of Life Project (iBOL)

through the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding,

from the Ontario Genomics Institute, Genome

Canada, the Ontario Ministry of Research and

Innovation, and the Natural Sciences and Engi-

neering Research Council of Canada. NSERC

Canpolin provided the framework for this and other

current research on Syrphidae (this is Canpolin

publication no. 22). The following curators and

curatorial assistants provided specimens and data

used in this study: V. Levesque-Beaudin (BIOUG),

S.A. Marshall (DEBU), B. Hubley (ROME),

and F. Sperling and D. Shpeley (UASM). Steve

Marshall, Jason Dombroski, Dave Cheung, and

John Davis provided some of the field photographs.

We first discovered John’s excellent photo of

Sericomyia chalcopyga on BugGuide (http://

bugguide.net). Martin Hauser, Ximo Menguel,

Bradley Sinclair, and Robb Bennett reviewed the

manuscript and helped to improve the final pro-

duct. Skevington was responsible for the DNA

work and took the lead in the preparation of the

manuscript. Thompson contributed to the mor-

phological work and the identification key.

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65



review of new world sericomyia (diptera: syrphidae), including

Documents