reviving linnahall - book #1 - research

Reviving LinnahallUrban magnet at Tallinn harbour

Summarized account Maiu Hirtentreu

RESEARCH

Master studies and the thesis projectsupported by: The Cultural Endowment of EstoniaThe Archimedes Foundation and the Ministry of Education and Research of Estonia

info

tutor

content

studio

Maiu [email protected]

+372 58 141 740Student nr: 307781

Kasper Guldager Jø[email protected]

Aarhus School of ArchitectureThesis project

spring 2014

Studio Regenerative Architecture

Reviving LinnahallUrban magnet

at Tallinn harbour

Summarized account

Intro

What’s the story? This building should preserve Soviet-time architecture, that otherwise would be preferred to be forgotten by Estonians. As we have the Old Town that became the northernmost member of the Hanseatic League in 1285 - a mercantile and military alliance of German-dominated cities in Northern Europe. Now the medieval Old Town of Tallinn has been renovated with its glory and is a big attraction for locals and tourists. This is one era of Tallinn’s history that is happily shown to others.

Next to the Old Town, at the centre of Tallinn the city has lots of other majestic buildings which are really good examples from different eras, like Linnahall from Soviet-times.

Form wise in Soviet Union, architecture had to be national, but content wise, socialistic. This means that Soviet Union’s beliefs and ideas were propagandized under the national outlook of art. This is the main reason why soviet-time art and architecture is not loved so much by Estonians. In addition to foregoing, the availability and quality of building materials and workmanship of this era were bad, new buildings looked already old-ugly and if needing restoration after completion. The same happened to Linnahall.

Western world was closed to people. Independent creative thinking was forbidden. The only way to do something was to go with the flow - everything had to be socialistic and approved by the party and government. Being an artist in Soviet Union meant to obey the rules or to be exiled. Soviet Union dictated what was allowed and one had to work within so tight frames. In architecture, the buildings had to look big and palatial, making citizens feel trifling next to them. All this puts a person in a situation, where he on his own is next to nothing and it only matters when he is part of some group of people. And all this guides Estonians rather to forget this era than to present it.

Since Linnahall reminds the period of Soviet Union, where freedom was limited, willingness suppressed and creativeness inhibited, it is hard for Estonians to admit that there were built some really interesting and architecturally tasteful buildings during that time. This shows that creativeness existed, even if it was hidden from the eye of law. Lately Soviet-time art is valued more and more.

With this thesis, I want to revive one piece of Estonian history with a modern input, where communism and democracy are contrasted

Photo: http://www.todowallpapers.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/soldado-cccp.jpg

Project proposal

Reviving LinnahallUrban magnet at Tallinn harbour

This project approaches the existing building as a landscape, where it

deals with a transformationof Linnahall through a search what

this urban space needs and a design proposal to make it a

social generator.Thesis raises a question in a

speciefic spot in Tallinn, what should and could be done

there to give decaying place back to people.

Linnahall is one piece of Soviet-time history that Estonians should preserve and introduce to others. Now this colossal building

is just left to decay. Thanks to it’s central location and monumentalism, Linnahall is very noticeable by visitors

and locals. The building consists mainly of two parts: concert hall and ice-skating hall.

Movement and work-flow wise the building is designed very well,

therefore, the emphasis of this thesis is on landscape qualities

and public spaces.

Index

Book #1RESEARCH

Book #2DESIGN

What’s the story? 4

History & backgroundWhat is Linnahall? 10Photos of Linnahall when it was just opened 16

Existing building & landscapeSite parameters 20Photos of Linnahall 22Zoning of the existing building 28

Site analysisLocation 34Climate in Tallinn 35Surroundings & nearby 36Programmatic segmentation 40Connectivity 42

Case studiesHigh Line Park 46Superkilen public park 48Parc De La Villette 52

IntentionsGoal 10Investigations 13Proposal 14

DesignProgramme 18Overall design strategys 20Design strategies 21Design parameters 23Layer characteristics 24Red pier - a shortcut 24Green path - slow track 26Yellow river - fast track 28Site plan 32

ExitReflection 38Existing programme 40New programme with existing 41Master CV 43List of Bibliography 44

Book #3PROCESS

History&

background

Intro

What is Linnahall?

Linnahall is a concert/sports venue in Tallinn, Estonia. It is situated on a poetic scenery where land meets sea, next to the harbour, just beyond the walls of the Old Town. Linnahall was designed by Raine Karp and Riina Altmäe for the 22nd Moscow Olympic Games in 1980. It’s initial name was V. I. Lenin’s Palace of Culture and Sport.

This colossal building seats 4200 people to the concert hall and 3000 people in the ice hall.

From 23 of May 2009 ice hall has been closed to visitors and from 27 of December 2009 the concert venue of Linnahall has also been closed for visitors.

The venue also features a heliport, with service to Helsinki, and a small port for catamarans.1

Linnahall (city hall) should not to be confused with the primary administrative building of the municipal government (Raad) of Tallinn, sometimes referred to as the Town Hall.

1 “Linnahall,” Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, February 26, 2014, http://en.wikipevdia.org/w/index.php?title=Linnahall&oldid=593740253. Accessed 24.02.2014

Reviving Linnahall Background & history10

Photos from 1976-1980, from Dimitri Burns private collection

Background & history Reviving Linnahall 11

The aim for the design of Linnahall was to preserve the view from the sea to the Old Town. The only limitation for the design was the railway connection to the harbour that was impossible to remove. That’s why the building was designed also as a railway bridge for pedestrians. The feeling that of a grass covered closed building was a reference to a nearby Swedish bastions. Linnahall was the only public building that was built next to the sea, during the Soviet-time. Therefore it holds relevance of cultural and public space. Linnahall got its location thanks to the biggest hotel in Tallinn in that time. Linnahall was put on the same guideline with hotel Viru to emphasise the connection with the sea.

Linnahall got Grand-Prix prize from the Interarh-83 biennale, a gold medal and a grant from National Architecture Union and in 1984 Soviet Union’s national prize. After winning those prizes, Linnahall was put under the protection of cultural heritage.2

2 “Tallinna Linnahall,” Vikipeedia, vaba entsüklopeedia, February 24, 2014, http://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tallinna_Linnahall&ol-did=3829990. Accessed 24.02.2014

Intro

Photos of Linnahall from 1980


Concert hall~4200 seats

Ice-skating hall~3000 seats

§

Linnahall was designed to be aligned with hotel Viru and they were supposed to be connected with a promenade


Industry and the railway that was serving the harbour

Aerial photo from the mid-1920s of the then Tallinn Power Plant, Ilmarine Factory, and Kalarand (Fishermen’s harbour)Linnahall is built on reclaimed land

History


Left photo: Context model of Linnahall planRight photo: Sketch of linnahallPhotos are taken from www.sovietmodernism.com, original photos are in Estonian architectural museum

A photo from mid 1980, when the traintracks were still being used


Photos are taken from www.sovietmodernism.com

Photos of Linnahall when it was just opened


Existing building&

landscape

Address: Tallinn, Mere puiestee 20, Tallinn, Estonia

Area of the site: 61774 m²

Footprint of the building: 39422 m²

190 m 190 m

400

m

Site parameters

Ground floor plan First floor plan

entrance to the concert hall

entrance to the ice-skating hall

entrance to the ice-skating hall

Reviving Linnahall Existing building20

Site

Existing building Reviving Linnahall 21

Photos of Linnahall

View to the concert hall entrance and rooftops (looking north)


Photos of LinnahallNort-East elevation

Nort-West elevation

Nort-East elevation


Photos of LinnahallView to the market area (looking south)

View to the railway bridge


Photos of LinnahallView to the main entrance stairs (looking north)

View to the harbour (looking north)


Photos of LinnahallInside

Right corridor after entrance doors (green desk the information desk

Right corridor after entrance doors (green desk the information desk

The stage

The information desk at the entrance

Ceiling at the entrance

The stage


Concert hall

Photos of Linnahall

Wall betbeen concert hall and waiting area (the whole wall is lifted up during the breaks

Wardrobe

Waiting area - the stage is open(wardrobe is behind the colums)

Waiting area - the stage is shield off

Waiting area (stage is on left)

Wardrobe


Zoning of the existing building

HARBOUR+

HELIPORTCONCERT

HALL

entrance


PROMENADE

ICE-SKATING HALL

entrance

entrance


Linnahall has been closed since 2009

“Linnahall Concert hall would stand simultaneously as a monument to a bygone era and a sign of the beginning of a new one”

Andres Kurg(Researcher at Estonian Academy of Arts), Architectural Design: EcoRedux, “Estonia: the remarkable afterlife of the Linnahall concerthall”, 26.06.2006


View from the heliort (looking south)


Site analysis

Site

Location

UURITAV ALA

MILJÖÖVÄÄRTUSLIKUD HOONESTUSPIIRKONNAD TLN ÜP JÄRGI

VANALINN

TEEMAPLANEERING MILJÖÖVÄÄRTUSEGA ALADE PIIRID

UURITAV ALA


VANALINN


UURITAV ALA


VANALINN


UURITAV ALA


VANALINN


Site

Closeby planned areasOld Town

Culturally and architecturally valuable areas

Reviving Linnahall Site analysis34

Ahtri tn

Sadama tn

Tuukri tn

Tuukri tn

Uus-Sadama tn

Tuukri tn

Lootsi tn

Paad

i tn

parkla

parkla

Ahtri tn

Uue-Sadama tn

Jõe tn

Rumbi tn

Logi tn

Sadama tn

Kai tn

Lootsi tn

Loot

si tn

parkla

Paadi

tn

ehitusplats

Küti tn

Köie tn

Suur-Laagri tn

Jahu tn

Niine tn

Soo tn

Vana

-Kala

maja tn

Väike-Patarei tn

Kopli tn

Vana-Kalamaja tn

Rannamäe tee

Nunne tn

Güm

naas

ium

i tn

Suurtüki tn

Tolli tn

Pikk

tn

Soo tn

Pagari tn

Oleviste tn

Kalaranna tn

Suur-Patarei tn

Ahtri tn

Sadama tn

Labo

ratoo

riumi tn

Aida tn Lai t

n

Vaimu tn

Pikk

tn

Olev

imäg

i

Olevimägi

Uus tn

Vene

tn

Sulevimägi

Kooli tn

Põhja puiestee

Rannamäe tee

Suurtüki tn

parkla

Kalasadama tn

parkla

parkla

ehitusplats

Labo

ratoo

riumi tn

parkla

Sule

vimäg

i

Aia tn

Suur-Patarei tn

Vana

-Kal

amaj

a tn

Vana

-Kal

amaj

a tn

Väike-Patarei tn

Jahu tn

Jahu tn

Soo tn

Kala

sada

ma

tn

Rumbi tnRumbi tn

Kai tn

Mere puiestee

Kanuti tn

Mer

e pu

iest

ee

Rannamäe tee

Väike-Rannavärav

Uus

tn

Aia tn

Brookusplats

Lai tn

spordiväljak

Suur

Ran

navä

rav

Suurtüki tn

Põhj

a pu

iest

ee

Niine tn

Kotzebue tn

Põhja

puie

stee

Kesk-Kalamaja tn

Toompuiestee

Aida tn

Lai t

n

mängupl

ehituspl

Ahtri tn

mänguplats

liiv

liiv

liiv

parkla

parkla

ehitusplatsehitusplats

ehitusplats

ehituspl

Kalaranna tn

Küti tn

Vana

- Kala

maja tn Suur - Patarei tn

Küti tn

CITY CENTERMALLS

OLD TOWN

HARBOUR

HARBOUR

CENTRAL STATION

Summer sunrise

Winter sunriseWinter su

nset

Summer sunset

N

S

EW

WSW ESE

SE

SSESSW

SW

NW

NNW NNE

NE

WNW ENE

N

S

EW

WSW ESE

SE

SSESSW

SW

NW

NNW NNE

NE

WNW ENE

Wind directions in Tallinn April - September

Wind directions

Sunlight range

Wind directions in Tallinn October - March

view to the city

wind

view to the sea

Site

Climate in Tallinn

The climate in Tallinn is characterized by a fairly cold winter, a cool spring with little precipitation, a moderately warm summer and a long and rainy autumn. However, some summers have weeks at a stretch of temperatures around +30°C, and a warm, sunny summer can keep autumn at bay until mid-October.Average temperature in July +16,7°CAverage temperature in February -4°C 1

1 “Practical Information,” Tallinn Tourism, accessed February 24, 2014, http://www.tourism.tallinn.ee/fpage/travelplanning/practical_information. Accessed 27.01.2014

Site analysis Reviving Linnahall 35

Site

Ahtri tn

Sadama tn

Tuukri tn

Tuukri tn

Uus-Sadama tn

Tuukri tn

Lootsi tn

Paad

i tn

parkla

parkla

Ahtri tn

Uue-Sadama tn

Jõe tn

Rumbi tn

Logi tn

Sadama tn

Kai tn

Lootsi tn

Loot

si tn

parkla

Paadi

tn

ehitusplats

ehitusplats

Küti tn

Köie tn

Suur-Laagri tn

Jahu tn

Niine tn

Soo tn

Vana

-Kala

maja tn

Väike-Patarei tn

Kopli tn

Vana-Kalamaja tn

Rannamäe tee

Nunne tn

Güm

naas

ium

i tn

Suurtüki tn

Tolli tn

Pikk

tn

Soo tn

Pagari tn

Oleviste tn

Kalaranna tn

Suur-Patarei tn

Ahtri tn

Sadama tn

Labo

ratoo

riumi tn

Aida tn Lai tn Vaimu tn

Pikk

tn

Olev

imäg

i

Olevimägi

Uus tn

Vene

tn

Sulevimägi

Kooli tn

Põhja puiestee

Rannamäe tee

Suurtüki tn

parkla

Kalasadama tn

parkla

parkla

ehitusplats

Labo

ratoo

riumi tn

parkla

Sulev

imäg

i

Aia tn

Suur-Patarei tn

Vana

-Kal

amaj

a tn

Vana

-Kal

amaj

a tn

Väike-Patarei tn

Jahu tn

Jahu tn

Soo tn

Kalas

adam

a tn

Rumbi tnRumbi tn

Kai tn

Mere puiestee

Kanuti tn

Mer

e pu

iest

ee

Rannamäe tee

Väike-Rannavärav

Uus t

n

Aia tn

Brookusplats

Lai tn

spordiväljak

Suur

Ran

navä

rav

Suurtüki tn

Põhja

puie

stee

Niine tn

Kotzebue tn

Põhja

puie

stee

Kesk-Kalamaja tn

Toompuiestee

Aida tn

Lai tn

mängupl

ehituspl

Ahtri tn

mänguplats

liiv

liiv

liiv

parkla

parkla


ehitusplats

ehitusplats

ehituspl

Kalaranna tn

Küti tn

Vana

- Kala


Küti tn

Vanasadam(Old harbour)

Patarei sadam(patarei harbour)

Kalasadam(fishermen’s harbour)

Lennusadam(seaplane harbour)

1

2

65

7 8

9

12

13

14

1516

10

10

11

3

4

Surroundings & nearby

1. Tallinn Old Town 2. Culture hub 3. Museum Patarei prison 4. Seaplane harbour and museum 5. Kalasadam (Fishermen’s harbour) 6. Estonian Design house 7. Energy Discovery Center 8. Tallinn New Town Hall 9. Harbour food market 10. Harbour 11. Supermarket Norde Centrum 12. Culture Kilometer 13. Linnahall Ice Rink 14. Linnahall Concert Hall 15. Linnahall Heliport & Catamaran port 16. Accessible waterfront for pedestrians

Medieval Old TownTallinn occupies an area of 159.2 km2 and has a population of 430,594. It is situated on the northern coast of the country, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, 80 km south of Helsinki, east of Stockholm and west of Saint Petersburg. Tallinn’s Old Town is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Photos: Andres Tarto

N


Nearby

New Culture Hub - Kavakava

Culture Kilometer

2. Cultural hub 3. Museum patarei prision 4. Seaplane harbour and museum 5. Kalasadam (Fishermen’s har-bour) 14. Linnahall concert hall 17. Kalamaja park

2

3

4

5

14

17

Culture Kilometer (kultuurikilomeeter) starts next to the Linnahall, passes the Kultuuri Katel (Tallinn Cultural Hub), continues past the historic Patarei Prison and Sea Fortress, the region’s biggest sea centre Seaplane Harbour (Lennusadam) and ends at the end of Kalamaja park on Tööstuse street. Culture kilometre is popular link between the Old Town and Kalamaja wooden architecture area, it brings the sea closer to the citizens and its visitors.1

1 “Culture Kilometer,” accessed February 24, 2014, http://www.tourism.tallinn.ee/fpage/explore/attractions/kalama-ja#!p_177341. Accessed 24.02.2014


Tallinn New town hall

Seaplane harbour and museum

The Public Village

Rohevöönd

Väljak

Park

Roheline Rada

City Plan 1:4000

Danish architects Bjarke Ingels Group have won an international competition to design a new town hall in Tallinn, Estonia.

BIG’s winning design features a cluster of administrative buildings with large panoramic windows arranged around a public square, allowing citizens to see their representatives at work.

The design also includes a tower with a steeply sloping roof, the underside of which is mirrored to create a “huge democratic periscope” allowing the public to see the politicians at work in the council chamber.

Nearby

Renovation project by Koko architects


Museum patarei prison

The Public Village

Rohevöönd

Väljak

Park

Roheline Rada

City Plan 1:4000

NearbyWinning proposal for Tallinn harbour northern area - Salto Architects


3. Harbour building

4. Logistics

5. Tallink Express hotel

6. Tallink Office

7. Indoor market

8. Office9. Cafe + market

10. Indoor food market

2. Tallink Spa and Conference Hotel

29. Town Hall open officesCafe / RestaurantRooftop platform

Auditorium

27. Architecture centerCafe

Black boxMock-up

Recording studioVideo studio

23. Offices & StudiosShops

ExhibitionWild garden

WorkshopsSeminar rooms

28. Energy Discovery Center

30. Old Town

31. Fishermen’s weekly market

24. Auditorium

26. Fat’s Margareta Hotel

25. Offices

21. Offices22. Apartments

20. Music tower

17. View platform

18. Cafe

16. Cafe/Estonian Design House

15. Concert hall

11. Catamaran port

14. Lucky Luke

13. Heliport

12. Yacht port

19. Circus square

Ahtri tn

Sadama tn

Tuukri tn

Tuukri tn

Uus-Sadama tn

Tuukri tn

Lootsi tn

Paad

i tn

parkla

parkla

Ahtri tn

Uue-Sadama tn

Jõe tn

Rumbi tn

Logi tn

Sadama tn

Kai tn

Lootsi tn

Loot

si tn

parkla

Paadi

tn

ehitusplats

Küti tn

Köie tn

Suur-Laagri tn

Jahu tn

Niine tn

Soo tn

Vana

-Kala

maja tn

Väike-Patarei tn

Kopli tn

Vana-Kalamaja tn

Rannamäe tee

Nunne tn

Güm

naas

ium

i tn

Suurtüki tn

Tolli tn

Pikk

tn

Soo tn

Pagari tn

Oleviste tn

Kalaranna tn

Suur-Patarei tn

Ahtri tn

Sadama tn

Labo

ratoo

riumi tn


Pikk

tn

Olev

imäg

i

Olevimägi

Uus tn

Vene

tn

Sulevimägi

Kooli tn

Põhja puiestee

Rannamäe tee

Suurtüki tn

parkla

Kalasadama tn

parkla

parkla

ehitusplats

Labo

ratoo

riumi tn

parkla

Sulev

imäg

i

Aia tn

Suur-Patarei tn

Vana

-Kal

amaj

a tn

Vana

-Kal

amaj

a tn

Väike-Patarei tn

Jahu tn

Jahu tn

Soo tn

Kalas

adam

a tn

Rumbi tnRumbi tn

Kai tn

Mere puiestee

Kanuti tn

Mer

e pu

iest

ee

Rannamäe tee

Väike-Rannavärav

Uus t

n

Aia tn

Brookusplats

Lai tn

spordiväljak

Suur

Ran

navä

rav

Suurtüki tn

Põhja

puie

stee

Niine tn

Kotzebue tn

Põhja

puie

stee

Kesk-Kalamaja tn

Toompuiestee

Aida tn

Lai tn

mängupl

ehituspl

Ahtri tn

mänguplats

liiv

liiv

liiv

parkla

parkla


ehitusplats

ehituspl

Kalaranna tn

Küti tn

Vana

- Kala


Küti tn

26

25

21

22

Programmatic segmentationSite

Offices

Educational / retail

Accommodation

OFFICES

ENTERTAINMENT

HOTELS

SHOPS

DINING

APARTMENTS

OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES

the

am

ou

nt

of p

rog

ram

me

in t

he

are

a

N


Ahtri tn

Sadama tn

Tuukri tn

Tuukri tn

Uus-Sadama tn

Tuukri tn

Lootsi tn

Paad

i tn

parkla

parkla

Ahtri tn

Uue-Sadama tn

Jõe tn

Rumbi tn

Logi tn

Sadama tn

Kai tn

Lootsi tn

Loot

si tn

parkla

Paadi

tn

ehitusplats

Küti tn

Köie tn

Suur-Laagri tn

Jahu tn

Niine tn

Soo tn

Vana

-Kala

maja tn

Väike-Patarei tn

Kopli tn

Vana-Kalamaja tn

Rannamäe tee

Nunne tn

Güm

naas

ium

i tn

Suurtüki tn

Tolli tn

Pikk

tn

Soo tn

Pagari tn

Oleviste tn

Kalaranna tn

Suur-Patarei tn

Ahtri tn

Sadama tn

Labo

ratoo

riumi tn


Pikk

tn

Olev

imäg

i

Olevimägi

Uus tn

Vene

tn

Sulevimägi

Kooli tn

Põhja puiestee

Rannamäe tee

Suurtüki tn

parkla

Kalasadama tn

parkla

parkla

ehitusplats

Labo

ratoo

riumi tn

parkla

Sulev

imäg

i

Aia tn

Suur-Patarei tn

Vana

-Kal

amaj

a tn

Vana

-Kal

amaj

a tn

Väike-Patarei tn

Jahu tn

Jahu tn

Soo tn

Kalas

adam

a tn

Rumbi tnRumbi tn

Kai tn

Mere puiestee

Kanuti tn

Mer

e pu

iest

ee

Rannamäe tee

Väike-Rannavärav

Uus t

n

Aia tn

Brookusplats

Lai tn

spordiväljak

Suur

Ran

navä

rav

Suurtüki tn

Põhja

puie

stee

Niine tn

Kotzebue tn

Põhja

puie

stee

Kesk-Kalamaja tn

Toompuiestee

Aida tn

Lai tn

mängupl

ehituspl

Ahtri tn

mänguplats

liiv

liiv

liiv

parkla

parkla


ehitusplats

ehituspl

Kalaranna tn

Küti tn

Vana

- Kala


Küti tn

2 3

3

45

6

78

9

30

10

11 12

13

14

15

16

31

18

1719

272324

28

2629

20

Site


Ahtri tn

Sadama tn

Tuukri tn

Tuukri tn

Uus-Sadama tn

Tuukri tn

Lootsi tn

Paad

i tn

parkla

parkla

Ahtri tn

Uue-Sadama tn

Jõe tn

Rumbi tn

Logi tn

Sadama tn

Kai tn

Lootsi tn

Loot

si tn

parkla

Paadi

tn

ehitusplats

Küti tn

Köie tn

Suur-Laagri tn

Jahu tn

Niine tn

Soo tn

Vana

-Kala

maja tn

Väike-Patarei tn

Kopli tn

Vana-Kalamaja tn

Rannamäe tee

Nunne tn

Güm

naas

ium

i tn

Suurtüki tn

Tolli tn

Pikk

tn

Soo tn

Pagari tn

Oleviste tn

Kalaranna tn

Suur-Patarei tn

Ahtri tn

Sadama tn

Labo

ratoo

riumi tn


Pikk

tn

Olev

imäg

i

Olevimägi

Uus tn

Vene

tn

Sulevimägi

Kooli tn

Põhja puiestee

Rannamäe tee

Suurtüki tn

parkla

Kalasadama tn

parkla

parkla

ehitusplats

Labo

ratoo

riumi tn

parkla

Sulev

imäg

i

Aia tn

Suur-Patarei tn

Vana

-Kal

amaj

a tn

Vana

-Kal

amaj

a tn

Väike-Patarei tn

Jahu tn

Jahu tn

Soo tn

Kalas

adam

a tn

Rumbi tnRumbi tn

Kai tn

Mere puiestee

Kanuti tn

Mer

e pu

iest

ee

Rannamäe tee

Väike-Rannavärav

Uus t

n

Aia tn

Brookusplats

Lai tn

spordiväljak

Suur

Ran

navä

rav

Suurtüki tn

Põhja

puie

stee

Niine tn

Kotzebue tn

Põhja

puie

stee

Kesk-Kalamaja tn

Toompuiestee

Aida tn

Lai tn

mängupl

ehituspl

Ahtri tn

mänguplats

liiv

liiv

liiv

parkla

parkla


ehitusplats

ehituspl

Kalaranna tn

Küti tn

Vana

- Kala


Küti tn





CITY CENTERMALLS

OLD TOWN

HARBOUR

HARBOUR

CENTRAL STATION

TRAM

MAIN WALKING PATHS

Access by public transportation and on foot

Tallinn harbour northern area plan

Accessibility by car

+ Linnahall is centrally located in Tallinn+ It is close by other big attractors + It is next to people’s main moving paths + Linnahall is situated on a coastline

+ Around Linnahall, there are three big areas from where to attract people to Linnahall: Old Town, harbour, housing area

+”Dead” areas next to Linnahall will be developed+ New development focuses on pedestrians- New development does not connect with Linnahall and with the west side of the city- Linnahall is like a fence between new development and the city

+ Linnahall has good connection by car- Road is like a barrier between city center and harbour area

Ahtri tn

Sadama tn

Tuukri tn

Tuukri tn

Uus-Sadama tn

Tuukri tn

Lootsi tn

Paad

i tn

parkla

parkla

Ahtri tn

Uue-Sadama tn

Jõe tn

Rumbi tn

Logi tn

Sadama tn

Kai tn

Lootsi tn

Loot

si tn

parkla

Paadi

tn

ehitusplats

ehitusplats

Küti tn

Köie tn

Suur-Laagri tn

Jahu tn

Niine tn

Soo tn

Vana

-Kala

maja tn

Väike-Patarei tn

Kopli tn

Vana-Kalamaja tn

Rannamäe tee

Nunne tn

Güm

naas

ium

i tn

Suurtüki tn

Tolli tn

Pikk

tn

Soo tn

Pagari tn

Oleviste tn

Kalaranna tn

Suur-Patarei tn

Ahtri tn

Sadama tn

Labo

ratoo

riumi tn


Pikk

tn

Olev

imäg

i

Olevimägi

Uus tn

Vene

tn

Sulevimägi

Kooli tn

Põhja puiestee

Rannamäe tee

Suurtüki tn

parkla

Kalasadama tn

parkla

parkla

ehitusplats

Labo

ratoo

riumi tn

parkla

Sulev

imäg

i

Aia tn

Suur-Patarei tn

Vana

-Kal

amaj

a tn

Vana

-Kal

amaj

a tn

Väike-Patarei tn

Jahu tn

Jahu tn

Soo tn

Kalas

adam

a tn

Rumbi tnRumbi tn

Kai tn

Mere puiestee

Kanuti tn

Mer

e pu

iest

ee

Rannamäe tee

Väike-Rannavärav

Uus t

n

Aia tn

Brookusplats

Lai tn

spordiväljak

Suur

Ran

navä

rav

Suurtüki tn

Põhja

puie

stee

Niine tn

Kotzebue tn

Põhja

puie

stee

Kesk-Kalamaja tn

Toompuiestee

Aida tn

Lai tn

mängupl

ehituspl

Ahtri tn

mänguplats

liiv

liiv

liiv

parkla

parkla


ehitusplats

ehitusplats

ehituspl

Kalaranna tn

Küti tn

Vana

- Kala


Küti tn





CITY CENTERMALLS

OLD TOWN

HARBOUR

HARBOUR

CENTRAL STATION

APARTMENTS

Connectivity

Ahtri tn

Sadama tn

Tuukri tn

Tuukri tn

Uus-Sadama tn

Tuukri tn

Lootsi tn

Paad

i tn

parkla

parkla

Ahtri tn

Uue-Sadama tn

Jõe tn

Rumbi tn

Logi tn

Sadama tn

Kai tn

Lootsi tn

Loot

si tn

parkla

Paadi

tn

ehitusplats

Küti tn

Köie tn

Suur-Laagri tn

Jahu tn

Niine tn

Soo tn

Vana

-Kala

maja tn

Väike-Patarei tn

Kopli tn

Vana-Kalamaja tn

Rannamäe tee

Nunne tn

Güm

naas

ium

i tn

Suurtüki tn

Tolli tn

Pikk

tn

Soo tn

Pagari tn

Oleviste tn

Kalaranna tn

Suur-Patarei tn

Ahtri tn

Sadama tn

Labo

ratoo

riumi tn


Pikk

tn

Olev

imäg

i

Olevimägi

Uus tn

Vene

tn

Sulevimägi

Kooli tn

Põhja puiestee

Rannamäe tee

Suurtüki tn

parkla

Kalasadama tn

parkla

parkla

ehitusplats

Labo

ratoo

riumi tn

parkla

Sulev

imäg

i

Aia tn

Suur-Patarei tn

Vana

-Kal

amaj

a tn

Vana

-Kal

amaj

a tn

Väike-Patarei tn

Jahu tn

Jahu tn

Soo tn

Kalas

adam

a tn

Rumbi tnRumbi tn

Kai tn

Mere puiestee

Kanuti tn

Mer

e pu

iest

ee

Rannamäe tee

Väike-Rannavärav

Uus t

n

Aia tn

Brookusplats

Lai tn

spordiväljak

Suur

Ran

navä

rav

Suurtüki tn

Põhja

puie

stee

Niine tn

Kotzebue tn

Põhja

puie

stee

Kesk-Kalamaja tn

Toompuiestee

Aida tn

Lai tn

mängupl

ehituspl

Ahtri tn

mänguplats

liiv

liiv

liiv

parkla

parkla


ehitusplats

ehituspl

Kalaranna tn

Küti tn

Vana

- Kala


Küti tn





CITY CENTERMALLS

OLD TOWN

HARBOUR

HARBOUR

CENTRAL STATION

TRAM

MAIN WALKING PATHS

Ahtri tn

Sadama tn

Tuukri tn

Tuukri tn

Uus-Sadama tn

Tuukri tn

Lootsi tn

Paad

i tn

parkla

parkla

Ahtri tn

Uue-Sadama tn

Jõe tn

Rumbi tn

Logi tn

Sadama tn

Kai tn

Lootsi tn

Loot

si tn

parkla

Paadi

tn

ehitusplats

Küti tn

Köie tn

Suur-Laagri tn

Jahu tn

Niine tn

Soo tn

Vana

-Kala

maja tn

Väike-Patarei tn

Kopli tn

Vana-Kalamaja tn

Rannamäe tee

Nunne tn

Güm

naas

ium

i tn

Suurtüki tn

Tolli tn

Pikk

tn

Soo tn

Pagari tn

Oleviste tn

Kalaranna tn

Suur-Patarei tn

Ahtri tn

Sadama tn

Labo

ratoo

riumi tn


Pikk

tn

Olev

imäg

i

Olevimägi

Uus tn

Vene

tn

Sulevimägi

Kooli tn

Põhja puiestee

Rannamäe tee

Suurtüki tn

parkla

Kalasadama tn

parkla

parkla

ehitusplats

Labo

ratoo

riumi tn

parkla

Sulev

imäg

i

Aia tn

Suur-Patarei tn

Vana

-Kal

amaj

a tn

Vana

-Kal

amaj

a tn

Väike-Patarei tn

Jahu tn

Jahu tn

Soo tn

Kalas

adam

a tn

Rumbi tnRumbi tn

Kai tn

Mere puiestee

Kanuti tn

Mer

e pu

iest

ee

Rannamäe tee

Väike-Rannavärav

Uus t

n

Aia tn

Brookusplats

Lai tn

spordiväljak

Suur

Ran

navä

rav

Suurtüki tn

Põhja

puie

stee

Niine tn

Kotzebue tn

Põhja

puie

stee

Kesk-Kalamaja tn

Toompuiestee

Aida tn

Lai tn

mängupl

ehituspl

Ahtri tn

mänguplats

liiv

liiv

liiv

parkla

parkla


ehitusplats

ehituspl

Kalaranna tn

Küti tn

Vana

- Kala


Küti tn





CITY CENTERMALLS

OLD TOWN

HARBOUR

HARBOUR

CENTRAL STATION

TRAM

MAIN WALKING PATHS

Apartments

Main areas where to attract people

N

N

N

N


Conclusion

± on the existing urban space

- There is no destination point where to stay (promenade is cut off with the heliport

- Culture kilometer does not have a starting/ending point

- No places to sit / to rest

- No wind and rain shelters

- Building is dull and gray

- It is not really noticeable from the street level

- Inside needs restoration

- Street is like a barrier

- Linnahall is not well connected to nearby developments

+ Promenade is very interesting extention to the street where to walk

+ There is much sun access

+ Roof has a panoramic view over the city and the sea

+ Linnahall is accessible from the sea

+ Roofs and platforms are accessible from every side

+ The building inside is functionally working very well (movement

flow)

+ Rooftops and platforms make the outdoor experience feel as

a maze: different platforms are accessible from different stairs

which are not connected with each other.

+ Water is easily accessible


Case studies

The High Line is a 1-mile (1.6 km) New York City linear park built on a 1.45-mile (2.33 km) section of the elevated former New York Central Railroad spur called the West Side Line, which runs along the lower west side of Manhattan; it has been redesigned and planted as an aerial greenway. A similar project in Paris, the 3-mile (4.8-kilometre) Promenade plantée, completed in 1993, was the inspiration for this project.1

1 “High Line (New York City),” Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, February 24, 2014, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=High_Line_(New_York_City)&ol-did=596972160. Accessed 24.02.2014

intro

High Line ParkUnited States of America, New York

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2139899/New-Yorks-secret-skyline-Amazing-aerial-shots-rare-glimpse-hidden-rooftop-world.html

James Corner Field Operations, Diller Scofidio + Renfro

Reviving Linnahall Case studies46

What is the case?

What was it before?

What is the most significant identifying feature of the case?

What is the significant lesson derived from the case?

Keywords

Reuse of unused railway tracks

Old railway connection

The park is put to untraditional place

How to transform something unwanted to a loved public space.

This is a different way of thinking in what to do with unused places/structures/buildings. Also how to use existing by applying new layers on it. This project shows how to revive a deserted area.

Lifted up, reuse, new function

• untraditional place for a park• new perspective to the city• the whole design of the park has strong references to train tracks• transforming something unwanted to a loved public space

Conclusion

Case studies Reviving Linnahall 47

intro

Superkilen public parkDenmark, Copenhagen

Superkilen is a public park in the Nørrebro district of Copenhagen, Denmark. Designed by the arts group Superflex with the collaboration of Bjarke Ingels Group and Topotek1. The park was officially opened in June 2012.12

The project is part of an urban improvement plan coordinated by the City of Copenhagen in a partner-ship with Realdania. The objective is to upgrade the Nørrebro neighborhood to a high standard of urban devel-opment liable to inspire other cities and districts.3

The park is intended to celebrate diversity. Filled with objects from around the globe, it is designed as a kind of world exposition for the local inhabitants, covering over 50 nationalities, who have been able to contribute their own ideas and artifacts to the project.4

Superkilen is made up of three main areas: a red square, a black market and a green park. While the red square, painted bright red, orange and pink, focuses on recreation and modern living, the black market at the center is the classic square with a fountain where neighbors can meet, with its barbecue grills and palm trees from China. The green park, literally entirely green, has rolling hills, trees and plants suitable for picnics, sports and walking the dog.5

1 “Superkilen,” Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia, May 28, 2014, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Superkilen&oldid=585686697.2 “Superkilen,” Superkilen / Topotek 1 + BIG + Superflex, October 25, 2012, http://www.archdaily.com/286223/superkilen-topotek-1-big-architects-superflex/.3 “Superkilen,” May 28, 2014.4 Ibid.5 Ibid.

BIG, Topotek 1, Superflex


intro

The Red Square - market/culture/sport 6

As an extension of the sports and cultural activities at the Nørrebrohall, the Red Square is conceived as an urban extension of the internal life of the hall. A range of recreational offers and the large central square allows the local residents to meet each other through physical activity and games.

The colored surface is integrated both in terms of colors and material with the Nørrebrohall and its new main entrance, where the surface merges inside and outside in the new foyer.

Facades are incorporated visually in the project by following the color of the surface con-ceptually folding upwards and hereby creating a three-dimensional experience. By the large fa-cade towards Nørrebrogade is an elevated open space, which almost like a tribune enables the visi-tors to enjoy the afternoon sun with a view.

In addition to the cultural and sportsfa-cilities, the Red Square creates the setting for an

urban marketplace which attracts visitors every weekend from Copenhagen and the suburbs.

Superkilen’s central marketplace is located in the area of the existing hockey field. A large area on the square is covered by a multifunctional rubber surface to enable ballgames, markets, parades, and skating rinks in winter etc. The mobile tribunes of Nørrebrohallen can be moved there for open-air movie/sports presentations. The square towards East allows outdoor service from the café inside by the future main entrance. Towards North, the visitors will enjoy basketball courts, parking spaces and an outdoor fitness area.

The red square is defined by a street in each end and building and fences along the sides. The edge is moving in and out - and we have tied the area together by connecting the surrounding given lines and edges in the big red pattern. A big red carped stretched out between all sides of the square.

Only red trees except the existing ones.

6 “SUPERFLEX/Tools/Superkilen,” accessed June 3, 2014, http://www.superflex.net/tools/superkilen.


The Black Square - urban livingroom7

Mimers Plads is the heart of the Superkilen Masterplan. This is where the locals meet around the Moroc-can fountain, the Turkish bench, under the Japanese cherry-trees as the extension of the area’s patio. In week-days, permanent tables, benches and grill facilities serve as an urban living room for backgammon, chess players etc.

The bike traffic is moved to the East side of the Square by partly solving the problem of height differences towards Midgaardsgade and enable a bike ramp between Hotherplads and the intersecting bike path connec-tion. Towards North is a hill facing south with a view to the square and its activity.

The square can be spotted by the big, dentist neon sign from Doha, Qatar. To protect from the street ending at the north east corner of the square and to meet the wishes from

the neighbors, corner of the square is folded up creating a covered space

Unlike the pattern on the red square, the white lines on Mimers Plads are all moving in straight lines from north to south, curving around the different furniture to avoid touching it. Here the pattern is highlighting the furni-ture instead of just being a caped under it.

The Green park - sport/play 8

Bauman once said that “sport is one of the few institutions in society, where people can still agree on the rules”. No matter where you’re from, what you believe in and which language you speak, you can always play football together. This is why a number of sports facilities are moved to the Green Park, including the existing hock-ey field with an integrated basketball court as it will create a natural gathering spot for local young people from Mjolnerpark and the adjacent school.

The activities of the Green Park with its soft hills and surfaces appeal to children, young people and families. A green landscape and a playground where families with children can meet for picnic, sunbathing and breaks in the grass, but also hockey tournaments, badminton games and workout between the hills.

From Tagensvej at the very north, the park is welcoming with a big rotating neon sign from USA, a big Ital-ian chandelier and a black Osborne Bull from Costa del Sol (a wish from a Danish couple living in the area!).

The green park is turning into Mimers Plads on the top of the hill to the south. From the top of the hill you can almost overlook the entire Superkilen.

7 Ibid.8 Ibid.

intro


What is the case?

What was it before?



Keywords

Renewing and expanding already used urban space with innovative solutions

Former railway track cutting through Nørrebro

Method how via contrasting different programmatic layers were made a system what can be used as a basis for different parks

Dividing a big area into smaller areas with different program, gives users a more clear understanding of the place and this ensures the usage of the area. This project shows how it is possible to unite different nations with a common goal

Systematize, methodology, thinking outside of the box

• clear division of the area• different impressions on divided areas• a park for people• well connected• park celebrates diversity• big museum of daily things all over the world• outcome is really playful

Conclusion


In 1983, then-new President of France Francois Mitterrand decreed a one-stage competition for the design of a new public park to be built on the large site of former slaughterhouses in Paris. It was intended to be the largest landscaped park in Paris. 1

OMA’s design transforms the fifty-five hectares into a post-Modern labyrinth of contrasting layers in both horizontal and vertical dimensions. The layers comprise a theme-park of a new type, one un-programmed and without stereotypes, perfect for Situationst derives and children’s (of all ages) games. It is a park that would be difficult to experience the same way twice—repeat visits would each be different.

We might call this park a proto- or supra-urban landscape, in that its experience evokes the qualities we would want a city to have, foremost among them the ingredients of our personally selected self-invention. It is very much a people’s park, not because it caters to the lowest common denominators of expectations, but playfully challenges people to make of it what they can, each in their own way. 2

The program by the city of Paris was too large for the site, leaving no space for a park. The proposed project is not for a definitive park, but for a method that - combining programmatic instability with architectural specificity - will eventually generate a park. 3

The idea comprises 5 steps: 4

1. The major programmatic components are distributed in horizontal bands across the site, creating a continuous atmosphere in its length and perpendicular, rapid change in experience.2. Some facilities - kiosks, playgrounds, barbecue spots are distributed mathematically according to different point grids.3. The addition of a “round forest” as architectural elements.4. Connections5. Superimpositions

Parc De La Villette is a competition proposal what didn’t won.

1 “Parc De La Villette,” Lebbeus Woods, October 24, 2009, http://leb-beuswoods.wordpress.com/2009/10/24/another-rem/. Accessed 22.03.20142 Ibid. 3 OMA, “Parc De La Villette,” Parc De La Villette, accessed February 25, 2014, http://oma.eu/projects/1982/parc-de-la-villette. Accessed 24.02.20144 Ibid.

http://lebbeuswoods.wordpress.com/2009/10/24/another-rem/http://oma.eu/projects/1982/parc-de-la-villette

intro

Photos of the model

Parc De La VilletteFrance, ParisOMA


Layers

Horizontal layersProgramme in relation to nature:Nature/Open-air activities/Buildings

Zoning of the area(all the with of the stripes are equal)

Access and circulation

Urban alignment All layersInserting large programmatic buildings, installations

Confetti - Distribut-ing small buildings (picnic tables, kiosks, refreshment bars, playgrounds) mathe-matically

Vertical Layers

None of the vertical layers goes

underground. Everything is

added on


Site plan

http://landscapeandurbanism.blogspot.dk/2010/05/ecological-urbanism-introduction-part-1.html


What is the case?

What was it before?



Keywords

Transforming a former industrial area into a public space

Former area for slaughterhouses

Method how via contrasting different programmatic layers were made a system what can be used as a basis for different parks

It is a park where organization of certain programmatic components in such a way that new cultural phenomena emerges. Superimposition could trigger new density of experience that was caused of program organization rather than forms.This is a method where on top everything looks programmatic, but from the ground it is a park what is playful and gives lots of variations of how to experience it.

Systematize, colossal, methodology

• contrasting layers• repeated visits will all be different• a park for people• a method how to plan a park• systematization gives easy opportunities to make connections• big attractions to make the system interesting• outcome is really playful

Conclusion


The High Line is located on M

anhattan’s West Side.

It runs from G

ansevoort Street in the Meatpacking

District to 34th Street, betw

een 10th and 11th Avenues.

Section 1 of the High Line, w

hich opened to the public

on June 9, 2009, runs from G

ansevoort Street to 20th

Street. For park inform

ation, please call the High Line

Information Line: (212) 500-6035

HO

URS

The High Line is open from

7:00 AM

to 10:00 PM daily.

ACCESSA

ccess to the High Line is possible via any of the

following access points:

• Gansevoort Street

• 14th Street (Elevator access late summ

er 2009)

• 16th Street (Elevator access)

• 18th Street • 20th Street

The High Line is fully w

heelchair accessible.

Elevators are located at 14th Street and 16th Street.

In t

he e

ven

t t

he H

igh

Lin

e re

ach

es c

ap

acit

y, y

ou

ma

y

be a

sked

to

en

ter v

ia t

he G

an

sevo

ort S

tre

et s

ta

irs (o

r

16th

Stre

et e

leva

to

r if y

ou

need

ele

va

to

r s

ervic

e) o

nly

,

to

en

su

re p

ub

lic s

afe

ty a

nd

th

e s

afe

ty o

f th

e p

ark

itself.

GETTIN

G TO

THE H

IGH

LINE

The High Line can be reached via the follow

ing

methods of public transportation:

SUBW

AYL to 8th Avenue;

A/C/E to 14th Street; C/E to 23rd Street;

1/2/3 to 14th Street; 1 to 18th Street or 23rd Street

BUS

M11 to W

ashington Street or 9th Avenue;

M14 to 9th Avenue; M

23 to 10th Avenue;

M34 to 10th Avenue

PARK RU

LES PROH

IBIT

• Walking on rail tracks, gravel, or plants

• Picking flowers or plants

• Throwing objects

• Sitting on railings or climbing on any part of

the High Line

• Bicycles, skateboarding, skating, and recreational

scooters (wheelchairs, m

obility scooters, and

strollers are permitted).

• Performances or am

plified sound, except by permit

• Solicitation• Com

mercial activity, except by perm

it

• Littering• O

bstructing entrances or paths

• Drinking alcohol

• Feeding birds or squirrelsD

OG

S NO

T PERMITTED

Dogs are currently not allow

ed on the High Line due

to the limited area of the pathw

ays and the fragility of

the new plantings.

HIG

H L

INE

MA

P/IN

FO

Superimposing High Line to Linnahall


Superimposing Superkilen to Linnahall

Superimposing Parc De La Villette to Linnahall


reviving linnahall - book #1 - research

Documents

soviettime architecture

soviettime art

period of soviet union

soviet unions beliefs

medieval old town of

tallinn harbourthis

centre of tallinn

majestic buildings