ripu 10 a
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Encyclopedia Britannica
“The systematic use of terror (such as bombings, killings, and kidnappings) as a means of forcing some political objective. When
used by a government, it may signal efforts to stifle dissent; used by insurrectionists or guerrillas, it many be part of an overall effort to
effect desired political change.”
“Systematic use of violence, terror, and intimidation to achieve an end.”
Webster’s II New Riverside University Dictionary
“Terrorism is premeditated,
politically motivated violence perpetrated against
noncombatant targets by
subnational groups or clandestine
state agents, usually to
influence an audience.”
U.S. Department of State
Federal Bureau of Investigation“Terrorism is the
unlawful use of force or violence against
persons or property to intimidate or coerce a
government, the civilian population, or
any segment thereof, in furtherance of
political or social objectives.”
League of Nations Convention
(1937)“All criminal acts
directed against a State and calculated to create a
state of terror in the minds of particular persons or group of
persons or the general public.”
United Nations Resolutions Language
(1999)“1. Strongly condemns all acts, methods, and practices of terrorism as criminal and unjustifiable, wherever and by whomsoever committed;
2. Reiterates that criminal acts intended or calculated to provoke a state of terror in the general public, a group of persons or particular persons for political purposes are in any circumstance unjustifiable, whatever the considerations of a political, philosophical, ideological, racial, ethnic, religious or other nature that may be invoked to justify them.” (General Assembly Resolution 51/210, “measures to eliminate international terrorism”)
he term “terrorism” evolved during a phase of the French Revolution known as the “Reign of Terror”. From 1793 to 1794, one faction of the Revolution used violent methods to weed out “traitors” and to spread “terror” throughout the country. In just six weeks, more than 1,300 people were guillotined in Paris alone.
French Revolution
Terrorism is on the rise in recent years.
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1970's 1980s 1990s
South AmericaAsiaEuropeAfricaNorth America
Time Line
1996, Truck bomb,
Manchester England
1988, Pan Am
#103 bombed,
Lockerbie Scotland
1972 Israeli
athletes taken
hostage, Munich
Germany
1995 Nerve gas released,
Aum Shinrikyo
1984 Golden Temple seized,
Amritsar India
1979 Diplomats
held hostage, Tehran, Iran
1997 Shopping
mall bombed, Jerusalem
Isreal
1998
U. S. Embassies
bomed,
Kenya and Tanzania
1992
Two car bombs
explode, Lima, Peru
2001 Four airplanes hijacked
and crashed, Washington, DC & New York City
1995 Murrah
Building bombed,
Oklahoma City
Oklahoma
1972 Israeli athletes taken hostage, Munich Germany
1979 Diplomats held hostage, Tehran, Iran
Recent Terrorism
1970s
ovember, 1979. After the exiled Shah of Iran was admitted into the United States for medical treatment, angry Iranian students seized the U.S. embassy in Tehran and took scores of American diplomats hostage. Thirteen hostages were released shortly thereafter, but the others were held for over a year.
Tehran Iran
Amritsar India
une, 1984. In an effort to establish an independent state, Sikh terrorists seized the Golden Temple in Amritsar, India. Prime Minister Indoor Gandhi ordered a military campaign to drive out the terrorists. Hundreds were killed.
1988, Pan Am #103 bombed, Lockerbie, Scotland
1995 Nerve gas released, Aum Shinrikyo
1995 Murrah
Building bombed,
Oklahoma City, OK
1992 Two car bombs explode, Lima, Peru
Recent Terrorism1988-1995
arch, 1995 The terrorist group, Aum Shinrikyo, released nerve gas in a Tokyo subway station to head off a raid by the Japanese government. The terrorist killed eleven people and injured thousands.
Tokyo Japan
1996, Truck bomb, Manchester, England
1997 Shopping mall bombed, Jeruselem, Isreal
1998 U. S. Embassies bomed,
Kenya and Tanzania
2001 Four airplanes hijacked and crashed, Washington, DC and New York City
Recent Terrorism1995-2001
eptember 11, 2001 was the deadliest terrorist attack in history. Osama Bin Laden’s terrorist organization Al Qaeda hijacked 4 commercial jets. Two of the planes were flown into the World Trade Center, another into the Pentagon, and the last plane crashed in rural Pennsylvania. Thousands of lives were lost. Innocent citizens of over 80 different nations were attacked and killed without warning, shocking the civilized world.
New York City
USA
Who are terrorists?
Terrorists can be anyone who believes in a cause strongly enough to commit violence to make a point.They can even be
your neighbor next door.
Terrorist Targets
• Military Facilities
• Government Facilities
• Large Cities
• International Airports
• Public Gatherings
• High-Profile Landmarks
Creating Fear Through
• Explosives
• Chemical
• Biological
• Nuclear
Improvised explosive device
Federal Bureau of Investigation image Radioactive material
storage drum
Department of Energy image
Preparing For Terrorism
1. Be Aware of Your Surroundings
2. Report to the Police Unusual Behavior,
Suspicious Packages, and Strange Devices
3. Leave an Area if it Does Not Seem Right
Preparing For Terrorism
4. Be Aware of Exits - Plan to Get Out!
5. Learn First Aid & Get a First Aid Kit
6. Be Familiar With Fire Extinguishers
HOW TO CREATE PEACE
• Beat The Bushes For Peace • Drop Bush, Not Bombs • Real Patriots Drive Hybrids • Make Love Not War • Nonviolence, Not Nonexistence • Love Is The Answer • Thou Shalt Not Steal -- Iraqi Oil And
Water
CONCLUSION
When we think of the major threats to our national security, the first to come to mind are nuclear proliferation, rogue states and global terrorism. But another kind of threat lurks beyond our shores, one from nature, not humans - an avian flu pandemic.
Barack Obama
" I was once asked why I don't participate in anti-war demonstrations.
I said that I will never do that, but as soon as you have a pro-peace rally, I'll be there."
Mother Teresa
Conclusion• Terrorism is unlawful act• Terrorism has a long history of being used to achieve
political, religious and ideological objectives• Terrorism can be conducted through firearms, explosive
devices and biological, chemical, nuclear materials • Therefore peace is a step to be taken crush the
empty can of terrorism which works in shade
of people through brutal killing of people to
meet their needs.