roman arts and engineering
DESCRIPTION
ROMAN ARTS AND ENGINEERINGTRANSCRIPT
Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS
Chappaqua, NY
Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS
Chappaqua, NY
Model of RomeModel of RomeModel of RomeModel of Rome
CharacteristicsCharacteristicsCharacteristicsCharacteristics
1.1.During the Republic – During the Republic – TempleTemple ArchitectureArchitecture::
K blended Etruscan & Greek blended Etruscan & Greek features.features.
K emphasis on the front of emphasis on the front of the building.the building.
K example: Temple of example: Temple of FortunaFortuna Virilis Virilis..
Temple of “Temple of “Fortuna VirilisFortuna Virilis””Temple of “Temple of “Fortuna VirilisFortuna Virilis””
CharacteristicsCharacteristicsCharacteristicsCharacteristics
2.2.CONCRETECONCRETE::
K created a revolution in created a revolution in architectural design.architectural design.
K create larger, heavier create larger, heavier buildings.buildings. ** example: example: - The Sanctuary of - The Sanctuary of Fortuna PalestrinaFortuna Palestrina..
SanctuarySanctuaryof of Fortuna PalestrinaFortuna Palestrina
SanctuarySanctuaryof of Fortuna PalestrinaFortuna Palestrina
Model of Roman ForumModel of Roman ForumModel of Roman ForumModel of Roman Forum
ModelModelofof
Trajan’sTrajan’s
ForumForum
ModelModelofof
Trajan’sTrajan’s
ForumForum
CharacteristicsCharacteristicsCharacteristicsCharacteristics
3.3.ARCH & VAULTARCH & VAULT::
K Coliseum Coliseum
K Race Track – Race Track – Circus Circus MaximusMaximus
K Public BathsPublic Baths
K AmphitheatersAmphitheaters
Triumphal Triumphal Arch of TitusArch of TitusTriumphal Triumphal
Arch of TitusArch of Titus
Arch of ConstantineArch of ConstantineArch of ConstantineArch of Constantine
Barrel or Barrel or “Tunnel” Vault“Tunnel” Vault
Barrel or Barrel or “Tunnel” Vault“Tunnel” Vault
K Windows can be Windows can be placed at any placed at any point.point.
K These vaults These vaults requirerequirebuttressing to buttressing to counter-act thecounter-act thedownward thrust downward thrust ofofweight.weight.
Groin VaultGroin VaultGroin VaultGroin Vault
K Also called a Also called a cross vault.cross vault.
K Needs less Needs less buttressing.buttressing.
Multi Groin VaultsMulti Groin VaultsMulti Groin VaultsMulti Groin VaultsK A series of groin A series of groin
vaultsvaults can have open lateral can have open lateral arches that form arches that form Clerestories. Clerestories.
K Windows that allowWindows that allow light into the interior light into the interior of churches. of churches.
K These concrete These concrete windowswindows are fireproof [an are fireproof [an important important considerationconsideration since many early since many early churches burned!] churches burned!]
Early Roman AmphitheaterEarly Roman AmphitheaterEarly Roman AmphitheaterEarly Roman Amphitheater
Seats about Seats about 20,00020,000
Roman TheaterRoman TheaterRoman TheaterRoman Theater
Theater of MarcellusTheater of MarcellusTheater of MarcellusTheater of Marcellus
Roman ColiseumRoman ColiseumRoman ColiseumRoman Coliseum
Roman ColiseumRoman ColiseumRoman ColiseumRoman Coliseum
Interior of the ColiseumInterior of the ColiseumInterior of the ColiseumInterior of the Coliseum
ArenaArena is Latin for the sand, coating the is Latin for the sand, coating the floorfloor that soaks up the blood of the that soaks up the blood of the combatants.combatants.
Circus MaximusCircus MaximusCircus MaximusCircus Maximus
300,000 seat 300,000 seat capacity!capacity!
Roman BathRoman Bathin Englandin England
Roman BathRoman Bathin Englandin England
CharacteristicsCharacteristicsCharacteristicsCharacteristics4.4.DOMEDOME::
K BasilicasBasilicas - Large and relatively open - Large and relatively open space. space. - examples: - examples: ► ► PantheonPantheon ► ► early Christian churchesearly Christian churches
Cylindrical DomeCylindrical DomeCylindrical DomeCylindrical Dome
K With the dome, With the dome, thetheRomans could Romans could surpass earlier surpass earlier cultures by their cultures by their ability to span ability to span space.space.
K Light enters Light enters throughthroughthe the oculusoculus on top. on top.
The Pantheon PlansThe Pantheon PlansThe Pantheon PlansThe Pantheon Plans
The PantheonThe PantheonThe PantheonThe Pantheon
Pantheon’s DomePantheon’s DomePantheon’s DomePantheon’s Dome
The Pantheon InteriorThe Pantheon InteriorThe Pantheon InteriorThe Pantheon Interior
The Pantheon InteriorThe Pantheon InteriorThe Pantheon InteriorThe Pantheon Interior
Painting Painting byby
Giovanni Giovanni Paolo Paolo
PanniniPannini
(18c)(18c)
Innovative Engineering Innovative Engineering TechniquesTechniques
Innovative Engineering Innovative Engineering TechniquesTechniques
1.1. Roads – Roads – macadammacadam
2.2. AqueductsAqueducts
3.3. Arch Bridge Arch Bridge
Via AppiaVia AppiaVia AppiaVia Appia
All roads lead to All roads lead to Rome!Rome!
Roman AqueductRoman AqueductRoman AqueductRoman Aqueduct
Aqueduct in SegoviaAqueduct in SegoviaAqueduct in SegoviaAqueduct in Segovia
Roman Arch Bridge Roman Arch Bridge in Spainin Spain
Roman Arch Bridge Roman Arch Bridge in Spainin Spain
Hadrian’s Wall in BritainHadrian’s Wall in BritainHadrian’s Wall in BritainHadrian’s Wall in Britain
CharacteristicsCharacteristicsof Roman Sculptureof Roman Sculpture
CharacteristicsCharacteristicsof Roman Sculptureof Roman Sculpture1.1. Collectors and copiers of Collectors and copiers of
Greek Greek works [more idealistic]. works [more idealistic].
2.2. CategoriesCategories::
K Portrait sculpturePortrait sculpture
K StatuesStatues
K Paintings & mosaicsPaintings & mosaics
K Relief sculpturesRelief sculptures
3.3. More realism [show the More realism [show the wrinkles, wrinkles, the bulges, and ageing!] the bulges, and ageing!]
Roman Copy of Greek ArtRoman Copy of Greek ArtRoman Copy of Greek ArtRoman Copy of Greek Art
Original created by the Greek sculptor, Original created by the Greek sculptor, Polyclitus, 5c BCE Polyclitus, 5c BCE
Republican CoupleRepublican CoupleRepublican CoupleRepublican Couple
Realistic portraits – like Hellenistic Greek Realistic portraits – like Hellenistic Greek style.style.
Portraits of EmperorsPortraits of EmperorsPortraits of EmperorsPortraits of Emperors
Julius Julius CaesarCaesar
NeroNero
HadrianHadrian MarcusMarcusAureliuAureliu
ss
Mosaics on a Mosaics on a Roman Villa FloorRoman Villa Floor
Mosaics on a Mosaics on a Roman Villa FloorRoman Villa Floor
Roman CitizensRoman CitizensRoman CitizensRoman Citizens
ColumnColumn
OfOf
TrajanTrajan
ColumnColumn
OfOf
TrajanTrajan
Base Relief Legionnaires Base Relief Legionnaires on Trajan’s Columnon Trajan’s Column
Base Relief Legionnaires Base Relief Legionnaires on Trajan’s Columnon Trajan’s Column
Roman SarcophagusRoman SarcophagusRoman SarcophagusRoman Sarcophagus
Marble base relief – Etruscan Marble base relief – Etruscan influence?influence?
Roman VillaRoman VillaRoman VillaRoman Villa
House in HerculaneumHouse in HerculaneumHouse in HerculaneumHouse in Herculaneum
Frescoes on aVilla’s Frescoes on aVilla’s
WallsWalls
Frescoes on aVilla’s Frescoes on aVilla’s
WallsWalls
Roman Roman CraftsCraftsRoman Roman CraftsCrafts
1c BCE glass 1c BCE glass bowlbowl
1c BCE glass 1c BCE glass bowlbowl
Ivory CameoIvory CameoIvory CameoIvory Cameo
Gold earringsGold earringsGold earringsGold earrings
Jefferson MemorialJefferson MemorialJefferson MemorialJefferson Memorial
Lincoln MemorialLincoln MemorialLincoln MemorialLincoln Memorial
The US Capitol BuildingThe US Capitol BuildingThe US Capitol BuildingThe US Capitol Building
Statue of JusticeStatue of JusticeUS Supreme Court US Supreme Court
BuildingBuilding
Statue of JusticeStatue of JusticeUS Supreme Court US Supreme Court
BuildingBuilding
Federal Court Federal Court Building in NYCBuilding in NYCFederal Court Federal Court Building in NYCBuilding in NYC
Metropolitan Museum Metropolitan Museum of Artof Art
Metropolitan Museum Metropolitan Museum of Artof Art
Statue of LibertyStatue of LibertyStatue of LibertyStatue of Liberty