rq data fit method

8/16/2019 RQ Data Fit Method

1/28

RQ/data ft - Method

Week 6

Dissertation 2011 -2012

Dissertation


2/28

What is good research ?

It is relevant to practice

It is scientific


3/28

The research is repeatable

METHOD

Approach

Strategy

How do I gain

nowledge?

What facts

will I loo at?

DATA


4/28

DATAWhat yo! will !se to draw concl!sions fro"

that answer yo!r research #!estion

pri"ary

secondary

$o! collect it

so that it fits how yo! are going to process it

So"eone else collected it %or "ade it& for a

different p!rpose than yo!r research

So!rces of data'!estionaires( interviews( a!dio)recordings( field

notes( newspapers( websites( blogs( co"pany

reports( observations( photos( databases( *


5/28

The research is repeatable

METHOD

• In yo!r "ethodology chapter yo! "!st+

• describe what yo! do %how yo! collect yo!r data&

• so that others co!ld repeat it if they wanted to

• In order to validate yo!r concl!sions( yo! "!st tell the

reader+

•

how yo!r "ethod "eas!res what yo! want to "eas!re%validity&

• how acc!rate yo!r "eas!re"ents are for all people ,

cases yo!r research is relevant for

%reliability&


6/28


7/28

/eliabilityAre "y "eas!res an acc!rate representation?

Do I have a good sa"ple?

•When do I "eas!re te"p( wind( rain? 2 day or every day for a whole year

SI3E %see weblins&

•Where do I "eas!re? Always sa"e place or different places

4OM5OSITIO6 %see weblins&

/ando" 0 probabilistic

6on)rando" 0 non)probabilistic

If yo! were the first scientist

ever( yo! wo!ld need to prove validity and reliability

1!cily there is a whole history of

science behind !s( which e#!ipped !swith a broad set of "ethods to collect

vario!s type of data

%ne.t lect!res&


8/28

E.a"ple+ what is the weather lie?

Measures Survey

When 365 days at7am

365 days at 7am

Where Greenwich Greenwich

Who Temp windrain

!" peop#e non-random $%endera%e p#ace o& 'irth occ(pation)

*ow Weather-station

+ikert sca#e,ntera# meas(re


9/28

E.a"ple+ How can "otivation "anage"ent red!ce absenteeis"?

*R secondarydata

,nteriews

Who .ccordin% to de& 0 mana%ers 1team

When Month or year 2an(ary 0"!0! ho(r each

Where or%anisation 4ce phone

*ow *R mana%er Recordedtranscri'ed


10/28

/esearch design

!"

1 - Research Approaches


11/28

/esearch Approaches

!!

• Deductive ) testing theory• scientific ) developing and testing hypotheses

• Inductive ) b!ilding theory• begin fro" observation of a partic!lar pheno"enon fro"

which generalisations are "ade abo!t wider pheno"enon


12/28


13/28

Ded!ctive approach

!3

• What is "y theory?

Females are more successful than males at university

• What are "y hypotheses? %/esearch #!estions& – 7e"ales get higher grades than "ales?

– 7e"ales st!dy longer ho!rs than "ales?

– 7e"ale grad!ates get better ;obs than "ales?

– 7e"ales learn a wider range of sills than "ales?

• What observations ? Eg interviews ( #!estionnaires etc

• 4onfir"ation+

Are the hypotheses confirmed / not confirmed?


14/28

Stages in the 5rocess of Ind!ction

!

O8SE/-ATIO6

THEO/$

TE6TATI-E

H$5OTHESIS

5/O81EM

o(rce8 Trochim $0""")


15/28

Ind!ctive approach

!5

• Observation +-isit an SME in tro!ble

• Identify a proble"+

There is a lot of bad feeling between two depart"ents

• Tentative hypothesis+Staff see" worried abo!t ;ob sec!rity and so feel they have toco"pete with each other

• Theory+As perception of ;ob insec!rity increases negative conflict

between depart"ents increases


16/28

/esearch design

!6

2 Research strategies


17/28

/esearch strategies

!7

Generalpecific

Intervention

!o intervention

-an der -elde et al

Researchquestion

Eg: Does trainingimprove managerscompetence atconductinginterviews?


18/28

/esearch strategies

!1

eneral Specific

Intervention

6o intervention

Survey Casestudy

ExperimentalResearch

Theoreticalresearch

-an der -elde et al


19/28


20/28

0"

4ase st!dy research

• Develop"ent of detailed nowledge of a single

case or series of related cases

•

@sed to answer #!estions s!ch as+ who( what(where( how "!ch( and how "any and why

• @sed pri"arily for e.ploratory and e.planatory

research

• 7indings are of li"ited application beyond the

case itself b!t can be the start of wider research

Saunders et al. (2007)


21/28

Theoretical research

0!

• Does not !ndertae pri"ary research

• /elies on previo!s pri"ary research by other

researchers


22/28

E.peri"ental /esearch

00

• E Training+

– Ti"e 2 "eas!re perfor"ance of control gro!p and

e.peri"ental gro!p

–Ti"e 9 cond!ct training with e.peri"ental gro!p only

– Ti"e B ) "eas!re perfor"ance of control and

e.peri"ental gro!ps

• Is diffic!lt to set !p and organise

• /e#!ires intervention rather than observation


23/28

$o! say what "ethod yo! have !sed

4o""ent on validity and reliability

$o! give details of

when( where( who( and how

S

O

Say what approach

C what strategy


24/28

/esearch Ethics

i ' i i l - Ethi l


25/28

05

•

It is mandatory that ou su!mit anE"#I$%& %''*%& +, via ,oodle.

• nce it is su!mitted it will come

to our course leader -or signedacademic consent -or our researchE+E ou attempt an primarresearch

•+ailure to do this is e/tremelserious.

asic 'rinciples o- Ethical%pproval

Ethical considerations in your research


26/28

Minors and vulnerable people

1o research on people under the age o- 3 1o research on people who are mentall orphsicall vulnera!le

Data protection and storage %ll data including notes4 hard cop andelectronic sources are securel stored at alltimes and our supervisor has access to thisin-ormation

Respondent consent espondents must 5now e/actl what isre6uired o- them4 how the in-ormation the give

will !e stored and used the ,8S" 9I*E

Ethical considerations in your research

Ethical considerations in your


27/28

Privacy and anonymity ou need to have written permission-rom an individual participating in ourresearch ou need written permission in writing

-rom an organisation that ou maconduct research on (template letters) 9ive -ull in-ormation as in ;respondentconsent< and !e a!le to -reel opt in or

out o- the research

Risks to sel and others Everthing ou do in our research must!e sa-e phsicall4 mentall4

emotionall4 morall and spirituall.

Ethical considerations in yourresearch ! cont


28/28

rq data fit method

Documents