A prototype to develop a high bandwidth interface

O. Tremblay, R. Gagnon, P. Giroux, K. Slimani

Hydro-Québec Research Institute (IREQ)

H. Fortin-Blanchette

École de Technologie Supérieure (ÉTS)

RT15 Regional User Group Event

Berkeley, California | May 13-14, 2015

Power HIL Simulator (SimP)

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Presentation overview

>SimP at a glance

>Power Simulator:

• What is it?

• For doing what?

>Prototype design:

• Power amplifier

• Controller

• Simulator

>Conclusion

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>Context• Research & Testing Infrastructure for the

validation of simulation models and for studying the dynamic behavior of electrical equipments connected to their power system.

• Scope: Smart Grid, Energy Storage, Renewable Energy Integration, ground transportation electrification

>Current Developments• Preliminary project consisting to the

implementation of a prototype (low

Power Simulator(SimP)

SimP at a glance

power) of a Power Simulator controlled in closed-loop by a real-time simulated power system (Hypersim simulation)

>Project Outcomes• World-class equipment• Important extension of the IREQ’s test line • Major increase in testing capacity• Possibility of collaborations and partnerships on various projects

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What is it?

25 kV

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What is it?

25 kV

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What is it?

25 kV

Power amplifier’s specs

• 25 kVLL nominal (up to 1.5 PU)• 10 MVA nominal• Transformerless

• 4 wires (zero sequence capability)• Large bandwidth (DC -> ~ kHz)

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What is it?

25 kV

Hypersim’s key features:

• Real-time simulation• Very large network• Automatic task mapping• Parameters/measurements

can be changed in RT• Precise simulation engine• Full test environment

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What is it?

25 kV

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What is it?

Feedback to the simulation

25 kV

Isim

Power Simulator

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What is it?

25 kV

Power Simulator

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Validation of the performance of actual wind turbines

Mobile Power Simulator(Version 2)

• Performances validation of wind turbines already in service

• Voltage and Frequency (inertia emulation) control

• LVRT, HVRT• Power Quality testing

• Validation of simulation models • Characterization of the interaction

with the network• SubSynchronous Control

Interaction (SSCI)• Ferroresonance

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Integration of renewable energy and storage to distribution networks

• Protection Studies:• Anti Islanding

• Power Quality Studies:• Flicker• Harmonics• Voltage sags

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Isolated networks

• Development of operating strategies of the integrated system: wind, solar, diesel, energy storage and load

• Performance validation before commissioning• Voltage and Frequency Control• Power Quality validation

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Why a prototype?

>Before building such equipment, we need to answer some questions:

• What kind of controller (FPGA, DSP) ? – Control algorithm, switching freq?

• What about the interface between simulator and amplifier?

– Latency is the work of the devil!!

>To answer those questions, we need a flexible reduced scale power amplifier!!

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The features of the prototype

>Single phase / three-phase

> Ideal (pure) /real voltage waveform synthesis

>Adjustable dynamics (to meet full scale constraints)

>Adjustable topology

>Adjustable transient capability

The solution: a self-powered multi-level converter

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Prototype: the cell

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OP5600 simulator

(large scale network,

Ts = 25 s)

6 cores(Xeon 3.46 GHz)

a

b

c

n

V, I

Iabc

P

C

I

E

n = 6Isolated

DC

converter

(42Vdc,

500W)

Isolated

DC

converter

(42Vdc,

500W)

Isolated

DC

converter

(42Vdc,

500W)

Isolated

DC

converter

(42Vdc,

500W)

Isolated

DC

converter

(42Vdc,

500W)

Isolated

DC

converter

(42Vdc,

500W)

Controller

(phase c)Controller

(phase b)

Controller

(phase a)

Master control &

Interface algorithm

IO IO IO

208 VLL3 kVA

Vabc

OP7000 IO

Vabc, Iabc6 cores

(Xeon 3.46 GHz)

P

C

I

E FPGA (Virtex – 6)

n = 6n = 6

Prototype: simulator and converter

Three phases:

>6 cells (42 Vdc, 500 W)>3 kVA>208 VLL

Single phase:

>18 cells (14 Vdc, 170 W)>1 kVA>120 VLN

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Conclusion

> Power Simulator:

• Strategic research & testing infrastructure for validation of simulation models and for studying the dynamic behavior of electrical equipments connected to their power systems

>Development of a reduced scale system to:

• Validate the converter controls

• Develop a stable, robust and high bandwidth interface between the simulator and the power amplifier

Questions