SAMPLING TECHNICS

BY :Darma Yeliza Putra

Yulia NirwanaFatwa Utami

Basic CompetenceCan Understand about Vegetation sampling Technics

IndicatorExplain the kinds of vegetation samplingtechnicsDo the vegetation sampling with plot or without plot

Main MaterialVegetation sampling technics

1. Technics with plot2. Technics without plot

Mind Map

Material

Test

Sampling technics

Defenition

Function

Mind Map

Material

Test

Type

Supporting component

With Plot method

Without plot method

2 form method

4 form method

Forming of sampling unit

Sampling technics

Defenition

Function

Mind Map

Material

Test

Type

Supporting component

With Plot method

Without plot method

2 form method

4 form method

Forming of sampling unit

Mind Map

Material

Test

Defenition

Function

Supporting component

Type

Form of sampling unit

Defenition

The technics use to measure, to know, to get information about a vegetation with fast, easy, less need money, and less need energy. Because we just take some data to represent all data in a vegetation

Diferent with

Sensus method

We must take all of data information about a vegetation and that must invetarisation

Function

To get the validation data with :

Easy

Fast

No more need money

No more need the energy

Supporting component

Morphology (life form) of plant

Agihan/ persebaran

Experiment purpose

Prize and energy that need

Form of sampling unit

1. Quadrat

2. Line/ jalur

3. Point

Form of sampling unit

1. Quadrat

2. Line/ jalur

3. Point

• Like square, “long square”, cycle

1. Smanll quadrat for homogen vegetation2. Big quadrat for heterogen vegetation

Characteristic of quadrat /plot1. Must compose of all plant in a community2. That habitat in quadrat must homogen

By oosting, quadrat can devide into 31. Quadrat 10 x 10 m for trees strate2. 4 x 4 m fot lignosus vegetation strate at undergrowt

until 3 m tall3. 1x 1 m for under vegetation

PARA PENELITI EKOLOGI HUTAN UMUMNYA MEMBEDAKAN POHON DALAM BEBERAPA TINGKAT PERTUMBUHAN, YAITU :

SEMAI (PERMUDAAN TINGKAT KECAMBAH SAMPAI TINGGI <1,5 M). UKURAN PLOT 1 X 1 ATAU 2 X 2 M

PANCANG (PERMUDAAN DENGAN TINGGI >1,5 M SAMPAI POHON MUDA DENGAN DIAMETER <10 CM). UKURAN PLOT 5 X 5 M.

TIANG (POHON MUDA DENGAN DIAMETER 10 – 20 CM). UKURAN PLOT 10 X 10 M

POHON DEWASA (DIAMETER BATANG >20 CM). UKURAN PLOT 20 X 20M

(KUSMANA, 1997)

Form of sampling unit

1. Quadrat

2. Line/ jalur

3. Point

Type

With plot method

Without plot method

METODE SPECIES AREA CURVE (MINIMAL AREA)

METODE KUADRAT

Metode Point Intercept(Metode Titik Sentuh)

Metode Line Intercept(Metode Garis Sentuh)

Metode Point-Centered Quartered

Distance Method(Metode Jarak)

METODE SPECIES AREA CURVE (MINIMAL AREA)

The technics with plot where, we must see the “LUAS TERKECIL” that represent all of a vegetation characteristic

METODE KUADRAT The sampling technics like square or cycle with a wide that support by vegetation form

Type Base on sum of plot Single plot

Multiply plot

others Metode jalur/transek

Metode garis berpetak

Metode kombinasi

Single plot

• Make one sampling plot with a size that represent a TEGAKAN• The Plot size can make with species area curve method• The plot can devide into small plot again • usually for homogen information vegetation

Multiply plot

• Use many plot that in area will observe• The plot can arrange with sistematis or random

Metode jalur/transek

Metode garis berpetak

Modification of technic from multiply plot or jalur method that jump of plots in jalur rintis make the plot and another plot have same distance.

20m x 20m : trees10m x 10m : poles5m x 5m : sapling2m x 2m : seedling/ tumbuhan bawah.

Metode kombinasi

• This method is combination between jalur method and line with plot• Trees can measure with jalur method with wide 20 m• And for poles, sapling, seedling use line with plot method

Without plot method

At the basic concept, this technics use the measure of distance between one plant and anothers plant that have small distance that mean the vegetation is re-peattedly

Some advantages :• save the time• decrease of mistake when make the sampling • Decrease of mistake when we say the plant at inner place or outer place

Metode Point Intercept(Metode Titik Sentuh)

• Special for herba plant that very rough arrangement• Use the point frecuency frame and quadrat point tools• The process, with write the plant that first touch by pin of tools

How use the point intercept methods?

Choose the vegetation we will observe

Take the point frecuency frame tools with re-peattedly

Write the first plant that have been pin

Metode Line Intercept(Metode Garis Sentuh)

• Agree with determine the cover and frecuency at perdu layers• Transek change with line form• All of tajuk daun that struck by the line must measure the length• If the line use 100 m size, so the cover is per 100 m • So, if we use the point intercept methods and line intercept methods will get 2 parameters, such as :• Cover• frecuency

Metode Point-Centered Quartered

• Special for trees vegetation measure• this methods so easy to get information about trees, aspecially for kinds composition, Dominancy level, “menaksir” trees volume • Character this methods, the trees must in random distribution arrange• Make one point at centre and some imagination line that make 4 quadran• Chooce one trees for each quadran that near with point and measure the distance between trees and point •And measure the braest high of trees

Distance Method(Metode Jarak)

• Can measure the 3 parameters, such as : cover, frecuency and density• Sum of individu can determine with measure distance between for each individu or between sampling point and plant

By Grant Cottam dan John Curtis from wisconsin univercity at 1950-an

•Metode individu terdekat (nearest individual method)

•Metode titik pusat kuadrat (point-centered quarter method)

•Metode tetangga terdekat (nearest neighbor method)

• Metode berpasangan acak (random pairs method)