science 4—weekly subject list - sonlight christian ... electrical charges/static...

©20

09 b

y So

nlig

ht C

urric

ulum

, Ltd

. All

right

s re

serv

ed.

Science 4 ♦ Section One ♦ 9

Science 4—Weekly Subject List

5-DayWeek Subject

1 early Americana/electricity/inventions/wheels

2 early Americana/electricity/inventions/bicycles/catseyes

3 early Americana/electricity/inventions/transportation/flight

4 early Americana/electricity/inventions/gliders/planes/parachutes

5 early Americana/electricity/magnetism/inventions/aircraft/chocolate

6 electricity/magnetism/inventions/gum/chips

7 electricity/magnetism/inventions/dishwasher/vacuum cleaner

8 electricity/magnetism/inventions/microwave oven/toilet

9 electricity/magnetism/inventions/light bulb/lighting

10 electricity/magnetism/Alexander Graham Bell/telephone/phonograph

11 electrons/protons/neutrons/periodic table/electricity/inventions/audio recording/television

12 energy particles/atoms/particle accelerators/elements/X-rays/forensic science/molecules/liquids/solids/gases electricity/inventions/math machines/computers/communication devices

13 crystals/chemical compounds/energy particles/dark matter/water/electricity/inventions/jeans/zipper

14 metals/plastics/carbon/silicon/electricity/inventions/Velcro/nitrous oxide/chloroform

15 biomimicry/energy/nuclear power/alternative energy/physics/forces/electricity/inventions/lenses/eye glasses /bandages

16 gravity/black holes/Albert Einstein/time/pressure/sound vibrations/electricity/inventions/X-rays/paper

17 sound/heat energy/low temperatures/electrical current/electricity/inventions/books/moveable type/ballpoint pens

18 electrical charges/static electricity/lightning/Tesla coil/neurons/pacemakers/central nervous system /magnetism/electromagnetism/electricity/inventions/sticky notes/Braile

19 electromagnetic spectrum/microwaves/X-rays/light/lasers/color/electricity/inventions/writing tools/underwater inventions

20 optical illusions/light/shadows/magnetism/inventions/piano/camera

21 light/bending light/refraction/lenses/magnetism/everyday inventions/strange inventions

22 color/prisms/spectrum/light/dispersion/filters/magnetism/energy/potential energy

23 computers/Internet/World Wide Web/artificial intelligence/robotics/magnetism/kinds of energy/hot and cold

24 nanotechnology/genetics/DNA/cells/cloning/cybernetics/magnetism/energy/conduction/convection/combustion

25 microscopes (optical/electron)/using a microscope/viewing paper, print, fibers, and fabrics/magnetism /explosions/fossil fuels

26 microscopes/archaeology/forensic science/viewing/hair/cells/magnetism/engines /food as fuel

27 microscopes/nucleus/DNA/genes/bacteria/viruses/medicine/vaccines/surgery/plant cells/plant food /magnetism/wasting energy/using energy

28 microscopes/plant reproduction/pollen/water plants/fungi/food science/insects/microscopic life/magnetism /Sun/extreme temperatures

©2009 by Sonlight Curriculum

, Ltd. All rights reserved.

10 ♦ Section One ♦ Science 4

29 microscopes/pests/insects/sand and rocks/ microfossils/ crystals/magnetism/Sun/energy cycle

30 microscopes/atoms/chain reactions/solar energy

31 buying a microscope/microscope equipment/advanced microscope techniques/magnetism/astronomy /universe/geothermal energy/wind and water power

32 space/solar system/sun/eclipses/Mercury/Venus/magnetism/biopower/electrical energy

33 Earth/Moon/Mars/Jupiter/Saturn/Uranus/magnetism/electricity/electric power/oil/coal/producers and consumers

34 Neptune/Pluto/asteroids/comets/meteors/ exploring space/famous astronauts/satellites and galaxies /magnetism/energy underground (power cables, pipes)/future energy

35 Milky Way galaxy/birth of stars/life of stars/variable stars/constellations/describing stars/magnetism/energy facts and figures/energy timeline

36 maps of the stars/constellations/home astronomy/star photographs/telescopes/astronomy facts/map of the moon/magnetism

©20

09 b

y So

nlig

ht

Cu

rric

ulu

m, L

td. A

ll ri

gh

ts re

serv

ed.

Science 4 Week 1 SCHeDULe

Science 4 ♦ Section Two ♦ Week 1 ♦ Schedule

Date: Day 1 1 Day 2 2 Day 3 3 Day 4 4 Day 5 5

Diary of an Early American Boy

Author's Note, chaps. 1–2

pp. 12–19 (end before

journal entry)

pp. 19–24

Activity Sheet Questions N

#1–6 #7 #8–9

5-Day:The Story of Inventions

pp. 6–9 N

Activity Sheet Questions N

#10–15

Optional: Do Together A Journal of Their Own N

Building Bridges N

Discover & Do Level 4 DVD N

Science with Electricity Intro-

duction, #11TOPS #32: Electricity #1

Supplies N We provide: NSK — masking tape; 4SK — aluminum foil, D-cell batteries, flashlight bulbs.You provide: scissors, pencil.

Shopping/Planning List For next week: foil ribbon from #1.

Other Notes

The Story of Inventionsp. 6

"Prehistoric" refers to a time before written records and, as such, does not necessarily imply support of "cave men" in a macroevolutionary sense.

Do animals invent? The book offers the example of chimpanzee’s tool-using abilities, but this is a far cry from inventing something like a television, cell phone, or the printing press! Using a rock to break open nuts is hardly an invention. Made in God's image, human beings are intel-ligent and creative, possessing a level of ingenuity that far exceeds anything in the animal world.

My Inventions Book

Rather than completing the Activity Sheet Questions we have provided for this book this year, you may prefer to have your children create a new page each week to add to their own My Inventions Book. Create a form for them to fill out after you finish the assigned reading to record information about one of the inventions you read about. The form may include the following:

(Use the name of the invention as the page’s title) Name of the Inventor: What he or she invented: Date: What need was the inventor trying to meet with

this invention? (For example, when Josephine Cochran invented the mechanical dishwasher, it was because she

©2009 b

y Son

ligh

t Cu

rriculu

m, Ltd

. All rig

hts reserved

.

2 ♦ Week 1 ♦ Section Two ♦ Science 4

was tired of doing dishes by hand! Remember: “Necessity is the mother of invention.”)

Brief synopsis of the invention story: When did the invention become popular?

You may want to work with them to complete this form the first few weeks, but before long they’ll feel confident answering the information on their own.

Activity SheetsActivity Sheets are included after the notes and are

assigned on each schedule page. Each Activity Sheet has a corresponding Answer Key page following these schedule pages.

You do not have to do every question on the Activity Sheets. Feel free to adjust and/or omit activities to meet the needs of your children. We cover the same concepts repeatedly throughout the year (and years to come!) to enable students to learn “naturally” through repetition and practice over time.

Please don’t expect your children to write the answers until they gain considerable proficiency at handwriting. We have provided a variety of activities to interest and challenge your children. Feel free to let your children do those activities that they enjoy and simply talk through others.

We have provided space for you to fill in answers as your children respond verbally, or simply check off the items that you discuss.

Remember: this program is designed for you to use to meet your children’s needs. It is not meant to use you!

Suggestion: your Activity Sheets might work more easily in a small binder for your children to keep and use as assigned. If you have more than one child using this program, extra Activity Sheets can be purchased for each child (Item # 4TS1).

Occasionally we assign a “cut-out” activity. These are separate sheets you will find in the back of this guide. If you like, color the sheets first, then cut them out and attach them to the worksheet.

Discover & Do Level 4 DVDWe produced this fun and educational video so you and

your child could watch “Professor Ike” perform each of the assigned experiments from The Usborne Book of Science Activities, Vol. 1. We recommend you gather your supplies, watch the DVD to see what to do, and then try each of these simple experiments yourself.

Or, if you prefer, you can do the experiment(s) on your own and then watch the DVD to see how it turned out on

screen. You may want to mix and match to find out what works best. We hope this video makes your science experi-ments more enjoyable and more educational.

Note to Mom or Dad: Please navigate your Discover & Do Level 4 DVD by using the DVD menu on your screen.

Optional: Do TogetherDay 2: A Journal of Their Own

Help your children get into the spirit of reading Diary of an Early American Boy by encouraging them to start their own journal today. If they are excited about the idea, feel free to take a trip to the store to pick out a unique journal, special paper, and/or pens/pencils to use just for journaling.

Challenge them to think about what types of things about their daily existence might intrigue young readers 50 or 100 years from now. What would they find fascinat-ing? What would they want to know more about? Use these discussions as starting points for journaling.

Urge your children to include their own illustrations, just like Noah Blake does in his journal. Can they bring their journal entries to life like Noah does? Let them spend as much time as they want working on this activity. The extra writing practice is just a bonus that you can “slip” by them if they’re having fun!

Day 4: Building Bridges

This week, your children read about building a new bridge across Red Man Brook. What did they think of the process described? Could they imagine helping out with such a huge project? Why or why not?

If at all possible, take a field trip to view a local bridge up close. It could be a long suspension bridge across a river or a bay, or a simple one-lane country bridge across a mostly-dry creek bed. Size and type doesn’t matter a bit. Just try to find a bridge structure of some type (a walking bridge in a local park would work fine, too).

If possible, take the time to travel back and forth across the bridge. Is it possible to walk across on foot? Can you walk under or around it? How close can you get to exam-ine it in depth? Can your children point out any similar features to the bridge Noah Blake described in his journal? How are they similar? What major differences do they see?

Have fun with this activity, and use it as an opportunity to bring their reading assignments to life in a unique way. Encourage curiosity and discussion. Feel free to go off on a tangent, if your children’s interests lead down a new and interesting path.

Week 1 Activity Sheets©

2009

by

Sonl

ight

Cur

ricul

um, L

td. A

ll rig

hts

rese

rved

.

Diary of an Early American Boy

1. Talk it out question: Demonstrate/explain comprehension verbally to Mom or Dad. The author says the good things

of the past were not so often articles (things) as they were what? (p. viii)

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What does he particularly admire or not admire about old things? (p. viii)

He does not admire He does admire

3. What evidence does he give for the idea that people were very aware of the time in which they lived? (p. viii)

________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. What are some good rules to keep in mind when keeping and handling an axe? List three. (pp. 8-9)

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

5. Why was the loft the warmest spot in the house? (p. 10) ____________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

Science 4 ♦ Week 1 ♦ Student Activity Sheets 1

©20

09 b

y So

nlig

ht

Cu

rric

ulu

m, L

td. A

ll ri

gh

ts re

serv

ed.




Europe. In the field of chemistry he discovered how to liq-uefy chlorine and also discovered benzene. But Faraday’s work in the area of electricity is how he is remembered best. He studied electromagnetism, created an electric motor, made an electrical generator, and expressed the laws of electrolysis.

A committed Christian, one biographer of Faraday wrote of him, “Faraday’s Christian testimony has also helped mold people in modern times. The firmness of his faith and his determination to follow the Sermon on the Mount have influenced our age as much as or more than his stud-ies on magnetism and electricity” (Charles Ludwig, Michael Faraday: Father of Electronics [Herald Press, 1978], p. 204).

Mysteries and Marvels of Sciencep. 61

Nikola Tesla (1856–1943) invented the Tesla coil in 1891.

The Faraday Cage is named after English scientist Michael Faraday (1791–1867). But what is it? It’s not where he kept his pet parakeets, but has to do with electricity. We’ll return to the Faraday cage in a moment, but first let’s take a brief look at Faraday’s interesting life.

Michael Faraday had the privilege of serving as assis-tant to a chemist named Humphrey Davy (1778–1829), who brought Faraday along on a visit to key scientists in

Mysteries and Marvels of Science

pp. 60–61 N pp. 62–65 pp. 66–67

Activity Sheet Questions #1–4 #5–11 #12–17

5-Day:The Story of Inventions

pp. 74–77

Activity Sheet Questions #18–21

Optional: Do Together Telsa Coil N

Magnetic Field N

Discover & Do Level 4 DVD #29

TOPS #32: Electricity #19

Supplies We provide: NSK — tape, clothespins. 4SK — aluminum foil.You provide: scissors, circuit from #8.

Shopping/Planning List For next week: pennies, circuit from #8.

Other Notes

©20

09 b

y So

nlig

ht

Cu

rric

ulu

m, L

td. A

ll ri

gh

ts re

serv

ed.

Science 4 ♦ Section Two ♦ Week 18 ♦ 3

Wee

k 18

Act

ivit

y Sh

eets

©2009 by Sonlight Curriculum, Ltd. All rights reserved.

Wee

k 18

Act

ivit

y Sh

eets


9.

Why

do

com

pass

nee

dles

alw

ays

poin

t nor

th?

(p. 6

5)

be

caus

e th

at's

how

they

wer

e tr

aine

d

be

caus

e th

e ea

rth'

s co

re o

f sw

irlin

g iro

n m

akes

the

plan

et a

ct li

ke a

gia

nt m

agne

tic b

ar

be

caus

e th

e ea

rth'

s co

re is

full

of m

agne

tic s

eeds

that

att

ract

the

com

pass

's ne

edle

be

caus

e th

ere

is a

hug

e m

agne

t at t

he s

outh

pol

e th

at re

pels

the

need

le a

way

to m

ake

it po

int n

orth

10.

Wha

t qua

lity

do li

ving

thin

gs n

eed

to h

ave

in o

rder

to b

e m

agne

tic?

(p. 6

5)

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

11.

Is w

ater

mag

netic

or d

iam

agne

tic?

(p. 6

5) _

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

H

ow d

oes

som

ethi

ng th

at is

dia

mag

netic

beh

ave

tow

ard

an o

utsi

de m

agne

tic fi

eld?

__

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

12.

Why

is e

lect

rom

agne

tism

so

impo

rtan

t? (

Hin

t: th

ink

abou

t ato

ms)

(p.

66)

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

__

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

_

13.

Elec

tron

s ci

rcle

an

atom

's nu

cleu

s in

she

lls. A

s th

ey m

ove

clos

er to

and

furt

her

away

from

the

nucl

eus,

they

gai

n an

d lo

se e

nerg

y. C

ircle

the

elec

tron

in th

is

atom

that

has

the

mos

t ene

rgy.

(p.

66)

14.

Whe

n an

ele

ctro

n m

oves

clo

ser t

o th

e nu

cleu

s, it

lose

s en

ergy

in th

e fo

rm o

f a…

(p.

66)

ph

oton

neut

ron

el

ectr

on

pr

oton

…

whi

ch a

re e

lect

rom

agne

tic w

aves

.

15.

Wha

t kee

ps a

boo

k fr

om s

inki

ng in

to th

e w

ood

of a

tabl

e? (

p. 6

6)

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

5.

Whi

ch b

ody

syst

em u

ses

elec

tric

ity to

rela

y m

essa

ges?

(p.

62)

th

e ci

rcul

ator

y sy

stem

th

e sk

elet

al s

yste

m

th

e re

spira

tory

sys

tem

th

e ne

rvou

s sy

stem

6.

How

is e

lect

ricity

use

d in

the

circ

ulat

ory

syst

em?

(p. 6

3)

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

7.

Mat

ch e

ach

term

to th

e co

rrec

t def

initi

on.

(p. 6

3)

neur

on•

•m

ade

up o

f the

bra

in a

nd s

pina

l cor

d; in

terp

rets

in

form

atio

n fr

om th

e se

nses

and

sen

ds c

omm

ands

th

roug

h ne

uron

cha

ins

neur

otra

nsm

itter

s•

•th

e ba

sic

nerv

e ce

ll of

the

nerv

ous

syst

em

cent

ral n

ervo

us s

yste

m•

•ge

nera

ted

whe

n a

neur

on s

ense

s so

met

hing

; tr

avel

s th

roug

h ne

uron

s as

a m

essa

ge to

the

brai

n

elec

tric

al p

ulse

••

chem

ical

s re

leas

ed b

y ne

uron

s th

at a

llow

ele

ctric

al

puls

es to

trav

el fr

om o

ne n

euro

n to

the

next

Ta

lk it

out

then

writ

e it

dow

n: E

xpla

in y

our a

nsw

er v

erba

lly to

Mom

or D

ad, t

hen

writ

e it

belo

w. U

se th

e te

rms

abov

e

to h

elp

you

desc

ribe

how

a m

essa

ge tr

avel

s fr

om y

our f

inge

r to

your

bra

in.

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

8.

How

are

mag

netic

pol

es li

ke e

lect

rical

cha

rges

? (p

. 64)

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

_

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

_

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

_

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

_

++

– +

– +

(p

acem

aker

s use

ele

ctric

ity to

mak

e th

e he

art

pum

p bl

ood

arou

nd th

e bo

dy)

(Whe

n yo

ur fi

nger

sens

es so

met

hing

, a n

euro

n ge

nera

tes a

n el

ectr

ic p

ulse

. Sim

ulta

neou

sly,

the

neur

on p

rodu

ces

chem

ical

s cal

led

neur

otra

nsm

itter

s tha

t allo

w th

e el

ectr

ic p

ulse

to tr

avel

acr

oss t

he g

ap b

etw

een

one

neur

on a

nd

then

nex

t. Th

e pu

lse

trav

els t

his w

ay—

thro

ugh

neur

otra

nsm

itter

s fro

m o

ne n

euro

n to

the

next

—to

the

brai

n.)

(iden

tical

pol

es p

ush

each

oth

er a

way

, jus

t lik

e id

entic

al c

harg

es d

o;

both

opp

osite

pol

es a

nd o

ppos

ite c

harg

es a

ttra

ct e

ach

othe

r.)

(they

nee

d to

hav

e lo

ts o

f wat

er in

side

of t

hem

)

(som

ethi

ng th

at is

dia

mag

-

netic

has

ato

ms i

n it

that

all

have

thei

r ow

n m

agne

tic fi

eld,

and

ther

efor

e th

ey a

lway

s rep

el o

utsi

de m

agne

tic fo

rces

)

(dia

mag

netic

)

(ele

ctro

mag

netis

m n

ot o

nly

cont

rols

how

ele

ctric

ity a

nd m

agne

tism

wor

ks, b

ut it

hol

ds th

e at

oms t

hat m

ake

up a

ll m

atte

r tog

ethe

r)

(Ele

ctro

mag

netic

forc

es c

ause

ele

ctro

ns in

the

oute

r she

lls o

f ato

ms t

o re

pel e

ach

othe

r, w

hich

cre

ates

an

invi

sibl

e ba

rrie

r bet

wee

n so

lid o

bjec

ts)

Stu

dent

Act

ivit

y Sh

eets

♦ W

eek

18 ♦

Sci

ence

470

Scie

nce

4 ♦

Wee

k 18

♦ S

tude

nt A

ctiv

ity

Shee

ts

71

Wee

k 17

Act

ivit

y Sh

eets


Wee

k 18

Act

ivit

y Sh

eets


Mys

terie

s and

Mar

vels

of Sc

ience

1.

If yo

u sh

uffle

you

r fee

t on

carp

et in

a d

ry c

limat

e, y

ou m

ay p

rodu

ce a

n el

ectr

ic s

hock

whe

n yo

u re

ach

for a

met

al

obje

ct. F

ill in

the

blan

ks to

exp

lain

why

this

hap

pens

. Cha

lleng

e: D

raw

+'s

and

–'s o

n th

e pi

ctur

es 1

-3 to

sho

w

whi

ch o

bjec

ts c

arry

whi

ch k

ind

of c

harg

e. (

p. 6

0)

A p

erso

n in

fuzz

y sl

ippe

rs a

nd a

pie

ce o

f car

pet

are

both

ele

ctric

ally

___

____

____

____

____

_.

Whe

n th

ey ru

b to

geth

er, _

____

____

____

____

____

____

will

tran

sfer

from

one

obj

ect t

o th

e ot

her.

This

tran

sfer

giv

es o

ne o

bjec

t a _

____

____

____

____

___

char

ge, a

nd th

e ot

her a

pos

itive

cha

rge.

Whe

n a

char

ged

obje

ct n

ears

a g

ood

cond

ucto

r, th

e

built

-up

elec

tron

s le

ap to

the

____

____

____

____

____

_

to m

ake

the

char

ged

obje

ct n

eutr

al a

gain

.

2.

Wha

t kin

d of

ele

ctric

ity is

des

crib

ed a

bove

? (p

. 60)

___

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

__

3.

Nam

e tw

o fa

ctor

s th

at d

eter

min

e ho

w m

uch

stat

ic c

harg

e ca

n be

bui

lt up

in tw

o in

sula

tors

. (p

. 60)

1)

__

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

2)

__

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

4.

Can

light

ning

hap

pen

abov

e cl

ouds

? E

xpla

in.

(p. 6

1) _

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

__

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

ne

gativ

e el

ectr

ons

neut

ral

cond

ucto

r

19.

Why

do

lam

ps im

med

iate

ly li

ght u

p w

hen

you

turn

the

switc

h (if

they

're c

onne

cted

to e

lect

ricity

)? (

p. 5

9)

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

The S

tory

of In

vent

ions

Optio

nal

20.

Why

did

the

first

blo

ck-p

rinte

d bo

oks

have

man

y pi

ctur

es?

(p. 7

0)

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

21.

Why

was

Bi S

heng

's id

ea to

cre

ate

mov

eabl

e ty

pe s

peed

up

the

book

-mak

ing

proc

ess?

(p.

70)

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

W

hy w

as it

diff

icul

t to

use

with

Chi

nese

cha

ract

ers?

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

__

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

__

22.

Befo

re p

rinte

d bo

oks

beca

me

easy

to m

ake,

did

man

y pe

ople

kno

w h

ow to

read

? (p

. 71)

Yes

No

23.

So w

hy w

as G

uten

berg

's in

vent

ion

one

of th

e m

ost i

mpo

rtan

t inv

entio

ns e

ver?

(p.

71)

__

____

____

____

____

____

_

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

24.

Talk

it o

ut th

en w

rite

it do

wn:

Exp

lain

you

r ans

wer

ver

bally

to M

om o

r Dad

, the

n

writ

e it

belo

w. U

se th

e di

agra

m to

hel

p yo

u. H

ow d

o ba

llpoi

nt p

ens

wor

k? (

p. 7

2)

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

__

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

__

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

__

25.

Why

wer

e ba

llpoi

nt p

ens

so p

opul

ar?

(p. 7

3)

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

__

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

12

34

(bec

ause

the

elec

tric

al w

ires b

etw

een

the

switc

h an

d th

e bu

lb a

lread

y ha

ve c

harg

ed a

tom

s in

them

. Tur

ning

the

switc

h co

mpl

etes

the

circ

uit a

nd th

e el

ectr

ical

cur

rent

can

now

mov

e th

e ch

arge

thro

ugh

the

wire

s.)

(bec

ause

pic

ture

s wer

e ea

sier

to c

arve

than

wor

ds)

(bec

ause

he

coul

d re

arra

nge

the

sam

e bl

ocks

to m

ake

diffe

rent

pag

es o

f tex

t)

(Sin

ce C

hine

se w

ritin

g us

es th

ousa

nds o

f sym

bols,

ther

e ha

d to

be

thou

sand

s of k

inds

of

prin

ting

bloc

ks a

vaila

ble

to b

e ab

le to

prin

t any

thin

g)

(due

to G

uten

berg

's in

ven-

tion,

boo

ks b

ecam

e ch

eape

r and

mor

e re

adily

ava

ilabl

e, so

mor

e pe

ople

cou

ld le

arn

to re

ad a

nd le

arn

abou

t thi

ngs

beyo

nd w

hat t

hey

wer

e im

med

iate

ly e

xpos

ed to

—w

hich

mea

nt th

ough

ts a

nd id

eas f

lour

ishe

d)

(a b

all b

earin

g fit

s int

o th

e en

d of

a in

k-fil

led

tube

. The

ink

lubr

icat

es th

e ba

ll an

d as

the

ball

rolls

acr

oss t

he p

aper

, it l

eave

s a tr

ail o

f ink

)

(Pos

sibl

e: th

ey w

ere

hand

y, re

liabl

e an

d ea

sy to

use

; the

ink

didn

't

smud

ge; t

hey

wor

ked

at h

igh

altit

udes

, etc

.)

(sta

tic e

lect

ricity

)

(the

mat

eria

l tha

t mak

es u

p th

e in

sula

tors

)

(the

amou

nt o

f sur

face

are

a th

at m

akes

con

tact

bet

wee

n th

e tw

o in

sula

tors

)

(Y

es—

som

etim

es st

orm

clou

ds g

ener

ate

light

ing

in th

e to

p pa

rt o

f the

clo

ud in

stea

d of

the

bott

om; t

his l

ight

ning

mig

ht a

ppea

r as a

red,

jelly

fish

shap

ed b

urst

of l

ight

scie

ntis

ts c

all a

"spr

ite",

or a

blu

e fla

sh,

calle

d a

jet.)

(neu

tral

)

(ele

ctro

ns)

(neg

ativ

e)(c

ondu

ctor

)

+–

+–

+–

+–

(no

char

ge)

Stu

dent

Act

ivit

y Sh

eets

♦ W

eek

17 ♦

Sci

ence

468

Scie

nce

4 ♦

Wee

k 18

♦ S

tude

nt A

ctiv

ity

Shee

ts

69

Week 17 Activity Sheets




2009

by

Sonl

ight

Cur

ricul

um, L

td. A

ll rig

hts

rese

rved

.

Mysteries and Marvels of Science

1. If you shuffle your feet on carpet in a dry climate, you may produce an electric shock when you reach for a metal

object. Fill in the blanks to explain why this happens. Challenge: Draw +'s and –'s on the pictures 1-3 to show

which objects carry which kind of charge. (p. 60)

A person in fuzzy slippers and a piece of carpet

are both electrically ____________________.

When they rub together, _________________________

will transfer from one object to the other.

This transfer gives one object a ____________________

charge, and the other a positive charge.

When a charged object nears a good conductor, the

built-up electrons leap to the _____________________

to make the charged object neutral again.

2. What kind of electricity is described above? (p. 60) _____________________________________________________

3. Name two factors that determine how much static charge can be built up in two insulators. (p. 60)

1) _____________________________________________________________________________________________

2) _____________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Can lightning happen above clouds? Explain. (p. 61) _______________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

negative electrons neutral conductor

19. Why do lamps immediately light up when you turn the switch (if they're connected to electricity)? (p. 59)

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

The Story of InventionsOptional

20. Why did the first block-printed books have many pictures? (p. 70)

________________________________________________________________________________________________

21. Why was Bi Sheng's idea to create moveable type speed up the book-making process? (p. 70)

________________________________________________________________________________________________

Why was it difficult to use with Chinese characters?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

22. Before printed books became easy to make, did many people know how to read? (p. 71) Yes No

23. So why was Gutenberg's invention one of the most important inventions ever? (p. 71) _______________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

24. Talk it out then write it down: Explain your answer verbally to Mom or Dad, then

write it below. Use the diagram to help you. How do ballpoint pens work? (p. 72)

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

25. Why were ballpoint pens so popular? (p. 73) __________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

1 2

3 4

Student Activity Sheets ♦ Week 17 ♦ Science 468 Science 4 ♦ Week 18 ♦ Student Activity Sheets 69

©20

09 b

y So

nlig

ht

Cu

rric

ulu

m, L

td. A

ll ri

gh

ts re

serv

ed.



Astronomy and Space pp. 59–75 pp. 76–80 N pp. 81–87 N

Activity Sheet Questions #1–5 #6–23

5-Day:Energy

Catch up N

Optional: Do Together Science … Fiction? N

Favorite Activity N

Discover & Do Level 4 DVD #58

TOPS #33: Magnetism #20

Activity Sheet Questions #24–29

Supplies We Provide: NSK — tape, magnets. 4SK — D-cell battery, index card.You provide: thin cardboard (manila folder) 9”x11,” 2 clothes hangers, books, rice, unused staples.

Other Notes

You’re All Done!


Astronomy and Spacepp. 76–77

If you decide to buy some binoculars for astronomy use, one other tip is useful. If you or your children wear glasses, it’s helpful to get a pair of binoculars that have rubbery eyepieces that can be folded down when looking through them with glasses on. This makes it easier to keep your glasses on and still get the most out of your binoculars.

An alternative to buying expensive telescopes or bin-oculars is to find out about astronomy clubs in your area.

Such groups meet regularly and usually several members have great telescopes and binoculars that you can use. Seeing pictures of the night sky in books is one thing, but you and your children will be amazed by some of the sights you can see for yourself through a great telescope.

pp. 82–83

As you’ve probably noticed by now, the study of astronomy is also a great time to study Greek and Roman mythology. Descriptions of famous constellations, for instance, introduce a number of popular Greek myths.

©20

09 b

y So

nlig

ht

Cu

rric

ulu

m, L

td. A

ll ri

gh

ts re

serv

ed.

Science 4 ♦ Section Two ♦ Week 36 ♦ 3

Wee

k 36

Act

ivit

y Sh

eets


Wee

k 36

Act

ivit

y Sh

eets


11.

Whi

ch p

lane

t has

the

long

est y

ear?

(p.

87)

M

ercu

ry

N

eptu

ne

Sa

turn

Pl

uto

12.

Whi

ch p

lane

t has

the

long

est d

ay?

(p. 8

7)

M

ercu

ry

Ve

nus

Jupi

ter

Pl

uto

13.

Whi

ch h

as th

e sh

orte

st d

ay?

(p. 8

7)

Ju

pite

r

Satu

rn

Ve

nus

Ea

rth

14.

Whi

ch p

lane

t's d

ay is

the

clos

est t

o th

e sa

me

leng

th a

s a

day

on E

arth

? (p

. 87)

__

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

Revi

ew.

15.

I am

som

etim

es re

ferr

ed to

as

"the

mor

ning

or e

veni

ng s

tar"

? _

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

16.

I am

the

larg

est p

lane

t in

the

Sola

r Sys

tem

. _

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

__

17.

Com

pare

d to

the

othe

r pla

nets

, I'm

the

one

that

spi

ns o

n m

y si

de.

___

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

_

18.

You

only

eve

ry s

ee o

ne s

ide

of m

e fr

om E

arth

. _

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

19.

Tem

pera

ture

s on

my

surf

ace

can

reac

h ov

er fo

ur ti

mes

the

tem

pera

ture

of b

oilin

g w

ater

, but

I al

so h

ave

crat

ers

so

deep

that

sun

light

nev

er re

ache

s th

e bo

ttom

to w

arm

them

. _

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

20.

For 2

0 of

my

248

Eart

h-ye

ar o

rbit,

I am

not

the

mos

t dis

tant

pla

net f

rom

the

Sun.

__

____

____

____

____

____

____

__

21.

My

soil

cont

ent i

s hi

gh in

iron

, whi

ch g

ives

me

a re

ddis

h co

lor.

__

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

_

22.

One

of m

y cl

ouds

, Sco

oter

, zip

s al

l the

way

aro

und

me

once

eve

ry 1

6 ho

urs.

___

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

_

23.

I spi

n ar

ound

so

quic

kly

that

the

gase

s in

my

atm

osph

ere

bulg

e ou

t aro

und

my

mid

dle

near

my

rings

.

__

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

M

ercu

ry

Venu

s th

e M

oon

Mar

s Ju

pite

r

Sa

turn

U

ranu

s N

eptu

ne

Plut

o

6.

Brie

fly d

escr

ibe

one

of th

e tw

o co

nste

llatio

n st

orie

s de

scrib

ed in

you

r boo

k—ei

ther

Per

seus

or O

rion—

or a

diff

eren

t

cons

tella

tion

stor

y of

you

r cho

ice.

(p.

82)

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

7.

Thin

k ab

out i

t: T

he c

onst

ella

tion

stor

ies

we

hear

mos

t oft

en a

re b

ased

on

Gre

ek o

r Rom

an m

ytho

logy

. Do

you

thin

k

thes

e ar

e th

e on

ly s

torie

s th

at e

xist

abo

ut g

roup

s of

sta

rs?

Why

or w

hy n

ot?

(p. 8

2)

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

8.

Why

sho

uld

you

turn

the

book

ups

ide

dow

n if

you

are

look

ing

at th

e m

oon

thro

ugh

a te

lesc

ope?

(p.

83)

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

9.

Wha

t do

you

rem

embe

r fro

m y

our r

eadi

ng a

bout

the

size

of t

he c

rate

r Cop

erni

cus?

(p.

83)

(Hin

t: se

e pa

ge 2

4)

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

Th

e ne

xt ti

me

you

see

a fu

ll m

oon,

see

if y

ou c

an fi

nd it

!

10.

Fill

in th

e m

issi

ng in

form

atio

n to

com

plet

e th

e ch

art b

elow

. (p

p. 8

4-85

)

Star

Fact

s

N

ame

of S

tar

Nam

e of

Con

stel

latio

nSp

ectr

al T

ype

Dou

ble

or V

aria

ble?

Siriu

s (A

)ne

ither

Boöt

esK

Alta

irne

ither

Beta

Cap

ricor

ni—

Cetu

s—

long

-per

iod

varia

ble

(See

the

text

in th

e bo

ok to

che

ck y

our c

hild

's sy

nops

is)

(No,

man

y cu

lture

s aro

und

the

wor

ld h

ave

stor

ies t

o de

scrib

e th

e pa

tter

ns th

ey sa

w in

the

sky

that

wer

e ba

sed

on st

orie

s

or c

hara

cter

s tha

t wer

e im

port

ant i

n th

eir c

ultu

re.)

(bec

ause

mos

t ast

rono

mic

al te

lesc

opes

mak

e ob

ject

s in

the

sky

appe

ar u

psid

e do

wn)

(it is

so la

rge

that

a c

ity th

e si

ze o

f Lon

don

coul

d fit

insi

de it

!)

(Can

is M

ajor

)(A

)

(Arc

turu

s)(n

eith

er)

(Aqu

ila)

(A)

(Cap

ricor

nus)

(phy

sica

l dou

ble)

(Mira

)

(Mar

s)

(Ven

us)

(Jup

iter)

(Ura

nus)

(the

Moo

n)

(Mer

cury

)

(Plu

to)

(Mar

s)

(Nep

tune

)

(Sat

urn)

Stu

dent

Act

ivit

y Sh

eets

♦ W

eek

36 ♦

Sci

ence

413

8Sc

ienc

e 4

♦ W

eek

36 ♦

Stu

dent

Act

ivit

y Sh

eets

139

Wee

k 35

Act

ivit

y Sh

eets


Wee

k 36

Act

ivit

y Sh

eets


Book

of As

trono

my &

Spac

e

1.

Com

pare

and

con

tras

t usi

ng b

inoc

ular

s or

a te

lesc

ope

to lo

ok a

t the

nig

ht s

ky. W

hat a

re th

e pr

os a

nd c

ons

of e

ach?

(pp.

76-

77)

2.

Chal

leng

e! W

hy d

o yo

u th

ink

flash

light

gla

re w

ould

mak

e it

hard

to s

ee th

e ni

ght s

ky?

(p. 7

7)

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

3.

Why

do

star

s lo

ok b

lurr

ed in

som

e ph

otog

raph

s? (

p. 7

9)

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

H

ow d

o ph

otog

raph

ers

capt

ure

this

effe

ct?

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

4.

Whi

ch ty

pe o

f tel

esco

pe u

ses

mirr

ors

to b

ring

an im

age

to y

our e

ye?

(p. 8

0)

r

efle

ctor

tele

scop

e

re

frac

tor t

eles

cope

5.

Whi

ch ty

pe o

f mou

nt a

llow

s yo

u to

follo

w th

e cu

rved

pat

h of

a s

tar a

cros

s th

e sk

y? (

p. 8

0)

a

ltaz

imut

h m

ount

eq

uato

rial

mou

nt

Bino

cula

rsTe

lesc

ope

Pros

:Pr

os:

Cons

:Co

ns:

19.

True

or F

alse

…Ch

alle

nge!

The

brig

htes

t sta

r in

the

sky,

Siri

us, i

s br

ight

bec

ause

it is

one

of t

he h

otte

st s

tars

. (H

int:

Whe

re d

oes

Siriu

s fa

ll in

the

char

t at t

he b

otto

m o

f pag

e 58

?) (

pp. 5

7-58

) Tr

ue

Fa

lse

Ener

gyOp

tiona

l

20.

Nam

e on

e w

ay to

con

serv

e en

ergy

, and

one

way

we

was

te e

nerg

y as

list

ed in

the

fact

s on

pag

es 5

6-57

.

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

_

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

____

___

(Con

serv

e: re

cycl

ing

a ca

n sa

ves e

noug

h en

ergy

to p

ower

a T

V fo

r 3 h

ours

; ene

rgy

savi

ng li

ght b

ulbs

last

long

er a

nd sa

ve

muc

h m

ore

ener

gy th

an o

rdin

ary

ones

; tur

ning

off

a co

mpu

ter s

cree

n ov

erni

ght s

aves

eno

ugh

ener

gy to

prin

t 800

pag

es;

etc.

Was

te: i

mpo

rtin

g fo

od c

reat

es m

ore

carb

on d

ioxi

de d

urin

g its

jour

ney

than

a fa

mily

cre

ates

whi

le c

ooki

ng o

ver 6

mon

ths;

etc.

)

(le

ss e

xpen

sive

; mad

e in

diff

eren

t siz

es a

nd

pow

ers)

(if

they

're b

igge

r, th

ey're

hea

vier

and

may

be

diffi

cult

to h

old

stea

dy—

may

requ

ire a

trip

od to

use

effe

ctiv

ely)

(s

how

the

sky

mor

e cl

early

)

(a

re v

ery

expe

nsiv

e—ch

eape

r one

s are

not

ver

y

good

and

it w

ould

be

mor

e w

orth

whi

le to

spen

d th

e

sam

e am

ount

of m

oney

on

good

bin

ocul

ars)

(bec

ause

our

pup

ils d

ilate

to se

e be

tter

in th

e da

rk, b

ut if

we

turn

to lo

ok a

t whi

te li

ght f

rom

the

flash

light

on

a pi

ece

of p

aper

, our

pup

ils m

ust c

onst

rict t

o ke

ep to

o m

uch

light

from

get

-

ting

in. W

e w

ould

hav

e to

wai

t for

our

eye

s to

get u

sed

to th

e da

rk a

gain

bef

ore

we

coul

d se

e

the

sky

very

wel

l.)

(b

ecau

se th

e Ea

rth

spin

s, so

the

star

s are

alw

ays m

ovin

g

thro

ugh

the

sky)

(b

y le

avin

g th

e sh

utte

rs o

n th

eir c

amer

as o

pen

for a

long

tim

e, so

the

light

from

eac

h st

ar sl

owly

mov

es fr

om a

poi

nt in

to a

line

acr

oss t

he fi

lm)

Stu

dent

Act

ivit

y Sh

eets

♦ W

eek

35 ♦

Sci

ence

413

6Sc

ienc

e 4

♦ W

eek

36 ♦

Stu

dent

Act

ivit

y Sh

eets

137

Week 35 Activity Sheets




2009

by

Sonl

ight

Cur

ricul

um, L

td. A

ll rig

hts

rese

rved

.

Book of Astronomy & Space

1. Compare and contrast using binoculars or a telescope to look at the night sky. What are the pros and cons of each?

(pp. 76-77)

2. Challenge! Why do you think flashlight glare would make it hard to see the night sky? (p. 77)

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

3. Why do stars look blurred in some photographs? (p. 79) ________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

How do photographers capture this effect? ____________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Which type of telescope uses mirrors to bring an image to your eye? (p. 80)

reflector telescope refractor telescope

5. Which type of mount allows you to follow the curved path of a star across the sky? (p. 80)

altazimuth mount equatorial mount

Binoculars Telescope

Pros: Pros:

Cons: Cons:

19. True or False…Challenge! The brightest star in the sky, Sirius, is bright because it is one of the hottest stars. (Hint:

Where does Sirius fall in the chart at the bottom of page 58?) (pp. 57-58) True False

EnergyOptional

20. Name one way to conserve energy, and one way we waste energy as listed in the facts on pages 56-57.

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

Student Activity Sheets ♦ Week 35 ♦ Science 4136 Science 4 ♦ Week 36 ♦ Student Activity Sheets 137

Cut-Out Sheets©

2009

by

Sonl

ight

Cur

ricul

um, L

td. A

ll rig

hts

rese

rved

.

Science 4 ♦ Cut-Out Sheets ♦ 1

Cut-Out #1

Static electricity builds as water droplets hit one another.

Negative charges build up in the bottom of the cloud.

Negative charges in the cloud repel negative charges in the buildings below.

Positive charges are left behind in the buildings.

When the charge gets large enough, it breaks through the insulation of the air.

The electrical charge at the base of the cloud discharges and lightning strikes.

Cut-Out #2

Electricity flows through the electromagnet and becomes magnetic.

The electromagnet attracts the arm and pulls on the hammer.

As the hammer pulls back, it loses contact with the wire and breaks the current.

The electromagnet stops working.

Pushing the button closes the circuit and causes the electricity to flow.

The spring pulls and the hammer strikes the bell.

science 4—weekly subject list - sonlight christian ... electrical charges/static...

Documents