Hello, I am RadhikaBose Roy

And I am RashikaSood

And our presentation is

on…

James Lawrence Henderson

and Karl Albert Hasslebalch

... And their famous equation!

James Lawrence HendersonJune 3, 1878 - February 10, 1942

Lawrence J Henderson was a physiologist, chemist, biologist, philosopher, and sociologist.

He also became one of the leading biochemists of the first decades of the 20th century.

He was born in Lynn, Massachusetts.

His father Joseph Henderson , a businessman, seemed not to influence him greatly.

Lawrence small and feeble as an infant, later participated in school athletics and had a reputation of being a swift runner.

During his early education he found Mathematics peculiarly easy and developed interest for Physics.

He entered Harvard college at the age of 16 ,in 1894 and graduated with A.B. degree , magna cum laude (Latin Hons.) in 1898.

He joined Harvard Medical School , later that Autumn and received his M.D. degree in 1902.

He then went to Hofmeirseq’r laboratory at the University of Strasbourg, where he spent two years in an atmosphere of research of biological chemistry.

On returning to United States he was appointed Lecturer of Biochemistry at Harvard Medical School. He worked in Harvard Medical School for the rest of his life at various positions.

Some of His Papers and Books…

The balance between acids and bases in the animal organisms was his first paper, in 1909.

The Fitness of Environment , was published in 1914. In this book he discussed the relation of organisms to their surroundings.

While at Harvard he published the bookThe Order of Nature under the Harvard University Press, Cambridge, London in 1917

Other books by him were Pareto's General Sociology.

( Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1935.)

November 1, 1874 – September 19, 1962

Karl Albert Hasslebalch

•He was a physician and chemist.

•He was the pioneer in the use of pH measurement along with Christian Bohr (father of Neils Bohr ).

Christian Bohr

He graduated from the University of Cophenagen with a M.D. degree.

Karl A. Hasslebalch devised a hydrogen electrode which could be used in the presence of carbon dioxide. It provided the first reliable blood pH values with a hydrogen electrode.

a hydrogen electrode

Hasslebalch and Lundsgaard determined the pH of blood to be 7.4 + or – 2 , with the help of the hydrogen electrode.

Hasslebalch used his pH measurements to define clinical acid – base disturbances which he characterized either as “Compenrased” oq “Non- compenrased”.

The technique was too difficult for clinical laboratory. So some clinicians tried using indicators directly or serums or diluted serum.

Henderson and Hasslebalchequation

The Henderson Hasslebalch equation describes the derivation of pH as a measure of acidity ( using pKa ,

the negative log of the acid disassociation constant) in biological and chemical systems.

Henderson investigated acid-base regulation (1906–1920). He found that acid-base balance is regulated by buffer systems of the blood in complex coordination with respiration, the lung, red blood cells, and with the kidneys. After him it was named the Henderson equation.

But hasslebalch converted the equation of Henderson to logarithmic form, which is now known as the Henderson-Hasslebalchequation.

logarithmic form

Thank you