A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

How important is a strong leader in order for troops to win a battle?

A. Very important

B. Somewhat important

C. Somewhat unimportant

D. Very unimportant

A B C D

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Chapter 4 Growth of the Thirteen Colonies (1607-1770)

Section 4 The French and Indian War

How did the outcome of the French and Indian War determine who controlled North America?

The French and Indian War• Part of a larger

struggle between France and Britain

• The French were on their way to “making themselves masters of the Continent”

• France built well-armed forts around the Great Lakes and Ohio River

• France had a network of alliances with Native Americans

French Advantages

• Large area of land

• From the St. Lawrence River to New Orleans

• France and Native Americans were winning control of the American frontier

Before the War Began• British colonists fought

the French and Indians with little help from Britain

• 1754- British government intervened

• Was alarmed by the French forts and defeat of Fort Necessity

• Fall of 1754 Great Britain appointed General Edward General Edward BraddockBraddock commander in chief of the British forces in America

• Braddock was to drive the French forces out of the Ohio Valley

Braddock Marches to Duquesne• June 1755- Braddock

started out from Virginia• With about 1,400 red-

coated British soldiers• And a smaller force of

blue-coated colonial militia• George Washington was

an aide to Braddock• Washington said

Braddock• “[Halted] to level every

mole hill, and to erect bridges over every brook, by which mean we were four days in getting twelve miles”

More of Braddock Marches to Duquesne

• Washington told Braddock his army’s style was not suited for the frontier

• Lined up in columns and wearing bright-colored uniforms

• Troops were easy targets

• Braddock ignored Washington’s advise

• French and Indian forces ambushed the British

Even More of Braddock Marches to Duquesne

• British were confused and frightened

• Could not see their attackers who were hidden in the forest

• Shooting at them behind trees

• Braddock was killed• British lost about 1,000

men• Washington led the

survivors back to Virginia

Britain Declares War on France• Fighting in America

started a new war in Europe

• Seven Year’s WarSeven Year’s War• Britain formed an

alliance with Prussia in 1756

• Prussia fought France in Europe

• Britain fought France in the Caribbean, India, and North America

Early Stages of the War• France captured

British Forts• French Indian

allies raided frontier farms

• Killed settlers, burned houses and crops, drove families back to the coast

• French forces from Canada captured British forts at Lake Ontario and Lake George

Pitt Takes Charge• Great Britain’s prospectsprospects in

America improved after William William PittPitt became prime minister

• Pitt decided that Britain would pay for the war supplies- no matter the cost

• Pitt ran up an enormous debt• Pitt didn’t just want to settle in

Western territories, but wanted to conquer French Canada

• Troops were sent to America under Jeffery AmherstJeffery Amherst and James WolfeJames Wolfe

• Many French forts were taken and renamed

• Including Fort Duquesne and renamed

• Fort Pitt

A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

A B

C

D

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How did William Pitt pay for the debt Britain accrued paying for the Seven Years’ War?

A. He used some of his own money.

B. He raised the colonists’ taxes.

C. He raised taxes in Britain.

D. He used French money seized during the war.

The Battle of Quebec• Capital of New France• On a cliff overlooking

the St. Lawrence• Thought to be

impossible to attack• James Wolfe’s scouts

spotted a poorly guarded path

• Wolfe’s soldiers went up this path at night

• Defeated the sleeping French troops

Treaty of Paris• The fall of Quebec and

Amherst’s capture of Montreal brought an end to fighting in North America

• Treaty of Paris forced France to give Canada and most of its land east of the Mississippi to Great Britain

• Also received Florida from France’s ally, Spain

• Spain received land west of the Mississippi- the Louisiana Territory- and New Orleans

• Marked the end of France as a power in North America

A. A

B. B

C. C

Which two countries were now the dominant powers in North America?

A. Great Britain and Spain

B. Germany and Spain

C. Greece and Italy

0% 0%0%

Pontiac’s War• Indian’s lost their allies and

trading partner with France• Britain raised prices and

refused to pay for the use of land

• Settlers began moving west• Ottawa chief Pontiac saw this

as a threat to his people’s way of life

• Pontiac united Indians and captured British forts (Detroit and others)

• That summer Indians killed settlers along Pennsylvania and Virginia during Pontiac’s Pontiac’s WarWar

• War ended in August 1765 after the British defeated Pontiac’s allies

• Pontiac signed a peace treaty and was pardoned

The Proclamation of 1763• To prevent more fighting, Britain

called a halt to settlers westward expansion

• Proclamation of 1763Proclamation of 1763 set the Appalachian Mountains as the temporary western boundary of the colonies

• Angered people who wanted to make money there

• These speculators had already bought land west of the mountains

• They were furious that Britain ignored their land claims

• More conflicts would soon arise between Britain and the colonists

A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

A B

C

D

0% 0%0%0%

Why were the Native Americans upset about the defeat of the French?

A. They lost their allies and trading partners.

B. British settlers began to move into their lands.

C. The British refused to pay them for use of their lands.

D. All of the above

How did the outcome of the French and Indian War determine who controlled North America?

- In the Treaty of Paris, Britain and Spain acquired almost all of the land formally controlled by France

The Humanity of General Amherst

Chapter 4 Section 4 Quiz

The French and Indian War was a war between the French and Native Americans.

Tru

e

Fal

se

50%50%A. True

B. False

Braddock did not take Washington's advice on the style of marching when they set out

for Fort Duquesne.

Tru

e

Fal

se

50%50%A. True

B. False

William Pitt decided that Britain would pay the costs for the French and Indian War.

Tru

e

Fal

se

50%50%A. True

B. False

The Proclamation of 1763 ended the French and Indian War.

Tru

e

Fal

se

50%50%A. True

B. False

After the French and Indian War, King George III gave the colonies permission to expand past the Appalachian Mountains.

Tru

e

Fal

se

50%50%A. True

B. False

The commander in chief of the British forces in America who was to drive the French out

of America was

Geo

rge

Was

hingt

on.

Will

iam

Pitt

.

Edwar

d Bra

ddock.

Ben

jam

in F

rank

lin.

25% 25%25%25%A. George Washington.

B. William Pitt.

C. Edward Braddock.

D. Benjamin Franklin.

What document marked the end of France as a power in North America?

Tre

aty

of Londo

n

Tre

aty

of Par

is

Tre

aty

of the

Ohio

Riv

..

Tre

aty

of Fra

nce a

nd ...

25% 25%25%25%A. Treaty of London

B. Treaty of Paris

C. Treaty of the Ohio River valley

D. Treaty of France and Britain

After the treaty was signed in 1763, the continent was divided between which two

countries?

Brit

ain a

nd Spai

n

Fra

nce a

nd Brit

ain

Fra

nce a

nd Spai

n

Fra

nce a

nd the

Nethe.

..

25% 25%25%25%A. Britain and Spain

B. France and Britain

C. France and Spain

D. France and the Netherlands

The Proclamation of 1763 called for

set

tlers

to m

ove w

es...

a w

ar.

a h

alt t

o wes

twar

d e...

Nat

ive

Amer

ican

s to

...

25% 25%25%25%A. settlers to move westward.

B. a war.

C. a halt to westward expansion.

D. Native Americans to move west.

The Proclamation of 1763 angered wealthy speculators because they

lost

votin

g rights

.

lost

thei

r busi

nesse

s.

lost

the

war.

ow

ned la

nd wes

t of..

.

25% 25%25%25%A. lost voting rights.

B. lost their businesses.

C. lost the war.

D. owned land west of the mountains.

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