sejaraharsitekturmodern’ocw.upj.ac.id/files/slide-arc-205-w-11-sejarah-arsitektur-modern...langgam...
TRANSCRIPT
Late-‐Modern Architecture
Sumalyo, 2005: • High-‐tech / Techno-‐aesthe<c à sculptural and/or industrial • Neo-‐vernacular à pola pikir, tata letak, budaya, religi/ kepercayaan, alam • Modern-‐ historicism à arsitektur klasik, exposed materials
Ideologis Modern Late-‐Modern Post-‐modern
Utopian, idealist Pragma<c Popular, pluralist
Determinis<c form, func<onal
Loose fit Semio<c form
Zeitgeist Late-‐capitalist Tradi<ons and choice
Eli<st/ ‘for everyone’ Eli<st-‐professional Eli<st and par<cipa<ve
Wholis<c Wholis<c Piecemeal
Architect as saviour/ doctor
Architect provides service Architect as representa<ve and ac<vist
Sumber: Jencks, Late-‐Modern Architecture, 1980
Langgam Modern Late-‐Modern Post-‐modern
StraighTorward High-‐tech/ slick-‐tech/ supersensualism Hybrid
Simplicity Ambiguity Complexity
Isotropic space Extreme isotropic space Variable space
Abstract form Sculptural, hyperbolic, enigma<c form Conven<onal & abstract form
Purist Extreme repe<<on & purist Eclec<c
Inar<culate ‘dumb box’ Extreme ar<cula<on Semio<c ar<cula<on
Machine aesthe<c, straighTorward logic, circula<on, mechanical, technology & structure
2nd machine aesthe<c, extreme logic, circula<on, mechanical, technology & structure
Variable mixed aesthe<c depending on context, expression of content and semio<c appropriateness
An< ornament Structure & Construc<on as ornament Proorganic & applied ornament
An< representa<on Represent logic, circula<on, mechanical, technology & structure
Pro representa<on
An< metaphor, an<-‐historical, an< humour, an<-‐symbolic
An< metaphor, an<-‐historical, unintended humour, unintended symbolic
Pro metaphor, pro-‐historical, pro-‐humour, pro-‐symbolic
Sumber: Jencks, Late-‐Modern Architecture, 1980
Gagasan Desain Modern Late-‐Modern Post-‐modern
City in park ‘Monuments’ in park Contextual urbanism and rehabilita<on
Func<onal separa<on Func<ons within a ’shed’ Func<onal mixing
‘Skin and bones’ Slick skin, wet look distor<on ‘Mannerist’, ‘Baroque’
Gesamkunstwerk Reduc<ve, ellip<cal gridism, irra<onal grid
All rhetorical means
‘Volume not mass’ Enclosed skin volumes, mass-‐denied Skew space and exten<ons
Slab, point block Extruded building, linearity Street building
Asymmetry and regularity
Tends to symmetry, formal rota<on, mirroring, series
Tends to assymetrical symetry
Harmonious integra<on
Packaged harmony, forced harmoniza<on
Collage/ collision
Sumber: Jencks, Late-‐Modern Architecture, 1980
Oscar Niemeyer
h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckminster_Fuller
Na<onal Congress of Brazil h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Brasilia_Congresso_Nacional_05_2007_221.jpg
UN Headquarter, New York h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:North_by_Northwest_movie_trailer_screenshot_(13).jpg
Casino da Madeira, Portugal h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Oscar_Niemeyer_works
Buckminster Fuller
h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckminster_Fuller
Biosphere, Montreal h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Biosph%C3%A8re_Montr%C3%A9al.jpg
Preserved Buckmisnter Fuller Home h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Preserved_R_Buckminster_Fuller_and_Anne_Hewli__Dome_Home.jpg
Dymaxion House h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dymaxion_house.jpg
Kenzo Tange
Sumber: h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenz%C5%8D_Tange
Yoyogi Na<onal Stadium, Tokyo h_ps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Yoyogi_Na<onal_Gymnasium,_from_west-‐south-‐west.JPG
Yoyogi Na<onal Stadium, Tokyo h_ps://www.japan<mes.co.jp/news/2016/09/21/na<onal/japanese-‐architects-‐group-‐pushes-‐for-‐yoyogi-‐na<onal-‐gymnasium-‐to-‐get-‐world-‐heritage-‐lis<ng/#.W-‐AHOJMzbIU
Kenzo Tange
St. Mary Cathedral, Tokyo h_ps://en.japantravel.com/tokyo/st-‐marys-‐cathedral-‐tokyo/10310
Supreme Court of Pakistan, Islamabad h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Supreme_Court_of_Pakistan,_Islamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg
Norman Foster
Sumber: h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_Foster,_Baron_Foster_of_Thames_Bank
HSBC Building, Hongkong Sumber: h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_Foster,_Baron_Foster_of_Thames_Bank
Willis Faber Building, Ipswich Sumber: h_ps://cassiefairy.com/2016/10/11/norman-‐fosters-‐willis-‐building-‐in-‐ipswich-‐1970s-‐architecture-‐interiors/
Norman Foster
Reichstag Building, Berlin Sumber: h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reichstag_building
Torre Cepsa, Madrid Sumber: h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_works_by_Norman_Foster
Hearst Tower, New York Sumber: h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_works_by_Norman_Foster
Renzo Piano
Sumber: h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renzo_Piano
Pompidou Centre, Piano & Rogers www.galinsky.com
Renzo Piano
Nemo Science Centre, Amsterdam Sumber: h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renzo_Piano
Jean-‐Marie Tjibaou Cultural Centre, New Caledonia Sumber: h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renzo_Piano
Richard Rogers
Sumber: h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Rogers
Pompidou Centre, Piano & Rogers www.galinsky.com
Richard Rogers
Lloyd Building, London h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lloyd%27s_building
Central Park Sta<on, Kaohsiung, Taiwan h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CentralParkSta<on(KMRT-‐R9).jpg
SanFago Calatrava
h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San<ago_Calatrava
The Bac de Roda Bridge, Barcelona h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San<ago_Calatrava
Museum of Tomorrow, Rio de Janeiro h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San<ago_Calatrava
SanFago Calatrava
Garo do Oriente, Lisbon h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San<ago_Calatrava
Liege-‐Guillemens Railway Sta<on, Liege h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San<ago_Calatrava
Jean Nouvel
h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Nouvel
Torre Agbar, Barcelona h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Nouvel
Guthrie Theater, Minneapolis h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Guthrie-‐North.jpg
Musee du quai Branly, Paris h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_quai_Branly_%E2%80%93_Jacques_Chirac
Doha Tower, Qatar h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Doha_Corniche_-‐_Qatar.jpg
Alvaro Siza
h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Siza_Vieira
Marco de Canaveses Church, Portugal h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Igreja_marco_canaveses.JPG
Museu Nadir Afonso h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_works_by_%C3%81lvaro_Siza_Vieira
Tidal Pools of Leca de Palmeira h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_pools_of_Le%C3%A7a_de_Palmeira
James SFrling
h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_S<rling_(architect)
Library of History Faculty, University of Cambridge h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:History_Faculty_University_of_Cambridge.jpg
State University of Music & Performing Arts, Stu_gart h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Stu_gart_HochschuleFuerMusikUndDarstellendeKunst.jpg
Neue Staatsgalerie, Stu_gart h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neue_Staatsgalerie
Nicholas Grimshaw
h_p://www.ed-‐anthony.com/portraits/nicholas-‐grimshaw/
The Eden Project, Cornwall h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_Eden_Project_-‐_geograph.org.uk_-‐_217614.jpg
Urban Flats, Camden Town h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nicholas_Grimshaw_flats_Camden_Town_back_of_Sainsburys.jpg
Herman Miller Factory, Bath h_ps://grimshaw.global/projects/herman-‐miller-‐factory/
Harry Seidler
h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:RoseSeidlerHouseSulmanPrize.jpg
Rose Seidler House, Sydney h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:RoseSeidlerHouseSulmanPrize.jpg
Hong Kong Club Building h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hong_Kong_Club_Building.jpg
Karya Late Modern Lainnya
Knights of Columbus Headquarters, New Haven by Roche-‐Dinkeloo h_p://www.krjda.com/Sites/KofCInfo1.html
Sydney Opera House by Jorn Utzon h_ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SydneyOperaHouse20182.jpg
College Life Insurance Company by Roche-‐Dinkeloo h_ps://www.archdaily.com/243447/kevin-‐roche-‐architecture-‐as-‐environment/college-‐life-‐insurance-‐company-‐hq-‐courtesy-‐kevin-‐roche-‐john-‐dinkeloo-‐and-‐associates
Late Modern di Indonesia?
• Gedung DPR/MPR. Soejoedi • Sekretariat Asean, Soejoedi • Kedutaan Besar RI di KL, Soejoedi