session 2 - mr. akaram waheed, maldives

7/29/2019 Session 2 - Mr. Akaram Waheed, Maldives

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RENEWABLE ENERGY ANDTHE MALDIVES

Presented by: Musthafa Hassan (FENAKA Corporation Ltd.)

Akram Waheed (Maldives Energy Authority)


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BACKGROUND


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Maldives A brief background

Island nation with 1192 islands

194 inhabited islands

105 tourist resort islands

Land area of approx 298sq km out of 859,000 sqkm

Size of the Islands range 0.2 5 sq km

Population is estimated to be 330,652

Out of which 114,686 situated in the greaterMale region

Has monsoonal climate (4dry months and 8 rainymonths)


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Typical islands of Maldives


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Male Island


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Electricity introduced to Maldives

Installed capacity 1 x 14 kW diesel enginesupplying 50 homes in Male

1949

STELCO was formed after dissolving MaldivesElectricity Board by a Presidential Decree.

Regulatory function assigned to MaldivesElectricity Bureau (later Maldives EnergyAuthority)

1997

By the end of 2008 STELCO expanded servicesfrom North to South of the country totaling 28islands catering 60% of the total population ofMaldives.

2008

Seven Regional Utility Companies formed.

STELCOs mandate limited to providingelectricity to North Central Province

Currently providing electricity in 9 islandsincluding Male, the capital

1st

November 2009 Tariff was revised for thegreater Male Region

2009

STELCOS HISTORY


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Un

itsGenerated(inkWs)

Available Capacity : 42466 kW

Peak Load Spare Capacity

SpareCapacity

4631 kW

11%

Peak Load37835 kW

89%

Available Capacity Comparison

with Peak CapacityElectricity Production For Male (Maximum Demand)


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POWER SYSTEMS IN ISLANDS


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Categorization of Islands based on

electricity production/usage

Greater Male region (5 islands)

1/3 of the countrys population resides here

Many commercial and industrial activities

Service provided by main STELCO (govt. utility)

Peak demand apprx. 50MW

Outer islands

Population per island very small (only 4 islands with

>5000 population)

Service provided by FENAKAA (govt. utility) or byisland communities themselves.


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Categorization of Islands based on

electricity production/usage

Resorts Self producers. Not under utilities.

High electricity demand (in general ranges from500kW to up to a few MW)

Not much growth of demand Very well managed

Industrial islands Activities such as fish processing, bottling factories.

Mainly self producers

Demands of around 1MW (depending on type ofactivity)


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Characteristics of Power Systems in

Islands All power houses in the islands are diesel powered

Some exceptions for grid connected PV systems (very fewislands)

All islands have their own power house and a (mini)

distribution grid. Typically the grid is powered by 400V with no transformers

used (especially for smaller islands)

Some larger islands use MV (11kV) for distribution (like inMale), and substations are used to step down the voltages

at various locations. HV systems do not exist

A couple of transmission systems found in some islands(mainly resorts)


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ONGOING/PLANNED PROGRAMS


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Regulatory Framework

Duty is currently exempted on RE imports

Various electricity sector regulations have beendrafted with the assistance of WB and ADB.

Comprehensive addresses technical, safety,economic, business, managerial aspectsconsidering all stakeholders of the sector.

New regulations planned to be implemented in2013

Development of a revised comprehensive Feed-in-Tariff mechanism over the next few monthswit the assistance of ADB.


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Project for Clean Energy Promotion in

Male

Grant AID by Japanese government

Concept of Rooftop grid connected PV system

feeding in power to Male grid to reduce demand

and increase the use of clean energy use.

Various phases

Phase 1 395kW installed on 5 public buildings

(march 2012) Phase 2 280kW installation ongoing

Phase 3 200kW (estimated, to be determined)


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Project for Clean Energy Promotion in

Male

System owned by Ministry of Environment andEnergy (MEE)

STELCO (local utility) currently purchasing the

electricity produced by PV under a PPA betweenSTELCO and MEE

The money generated will be managed by theMaldives Green Fund and allocated for the

development/replication of more similar projects.* Similar additonal projects already planned

under govt. finance.


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Clean Energy for Climate Mitigation

Project

Funded by CCTF

Concept to package RE and EE solutions for 1

island (GDh.Thinadhoo)

Up to 300kW of grid connected PV to be

installed (no battery backup)

Equivalent to 30% of the current demand

Bidding process completed and contract to be

awarded this month.


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SREP Investment Plan (2012)

Larger scale project funded by CIF

Accelerating Private Investments in RE 20 MW of RE installation

15MW of PV in Greater Male region

3MW solar PV+Wind in in outer islands

2 MW Waste to Energy system for outer islands

Preparing Outer Islands for Sustainable Programs 100% RE in 10 small islands (total 2 MW with

storage) Rehabilitation of power systems to make the islands

RE ready


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SREP INVESTMENT PLAN (2012)

Outcomes:

SREPIP

551 tons/d ofdesalinated

water~ 22M Liters

diesel /y

Reduced

~ 65,000 tCO2 /yReduced

Maldives GreenFund

EstablishedInstitutional/

Human CapacityDeveloped

~ US$ 22M/ySaved in Diesel

Imports

~ US$ 7M /yFuel Subsidies

Avoided

~ 21MW ofSolar/Wind

Installed

6MW Waste to

Energy Installed

53 islands benefited

74% of thepopulation


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CONCULUSIONS


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WHY RENEWABLES FOR MALDIVES?

Meeting the objective of Carbon Neutrality by2020

Reduce dependency on fossil fuels

Reduce expenses on fossil fuel Currently around 80% of the running cost of power

system is for diesel alone

Fuel bill is equivalent to more than 20% of the GDP

Increase access to affordable energy for thepublic

Sustainability

session 2 - mr. akaram waheed, maldives

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