session 6c, 11 th june 2008 ict-mobilesummit 2008 copyright 2008 ict-e3 e3e3 towards cognitive use...

Session 6C, 11th June 2008 ICT-MobileSummit 2008 Copyright 2008 ICT-E3E3

Towards Cognitive Use of Radio Resources: Shaping Radio Regulation for the Future

Klaus Moessner

University of Surrey

United Kingdom


Why changing regulation?

• Recent changes in regulations to achieve more of a “market” situation– Shift away from “command & control” to “negotiation & consensus”.– Shift away from “technology bound licenses” to “service bound”.

• But: spectrum and radio resources are still not properly exploited– Digital dividend.– Secondary spectrum usage.– Spectrum refarming.


Objectives

• To inform administrations and to provide the technical know-how on – Dynamic spectrum access systems.– Cognitive radio technologies and use.– Supporting technologies (like reconfigurability of devices and a

suitable, cognition supporting information channel the “CPC”).


2 staged approach

• Evaluation of spectrum and radio resource efficiency increasing techniques– Spectrum Refarming.– Flexible Spectrum Management.– The Cognitive Pilot Channel.

• Development of roadmaps and technology/administration decision points– Spectrum regulation.– Cognitive Pilot Channel (means to enable CR operation).


Spectrum Refarming

• ECC Report 16: “Spectrum refarming (redeployment) is a combination of present and future administrative, financial and technical measures within the limits of frequency regulation, in order to make a specified frequency band available for a different kind of usage or technology. The measures may be implemented in the short, medium or long term.”

• The FCC defined refarming in 1992 as a “change of technical, operating and licensing requirements intended to fit more users into a given portion of spectrum”.

• From E2R II and E3 perspective: spectrum refarming is the simplest use case for Flexible Spectrum Management (change “intended use” of bands).


Flexible Spectrum Management

• Flexible Spectrum Management (FSM) to optimise spectrum assignment – Technically , depending on optimisation scenario, 40-60% efficiency

increase is possible (2/3G scenarios).– From the Economics point of view, it remains to be seen if this

would suffice to justify the investment that would come along with the introduction of such technologies into current systems.

• Regulatory feasibility for introduction of such technologies– Poll among national administrations (CEPT members)– Outcomes: forecast for the evolution of spectrum regulation pointing

towards development and application of a “dynamic assignment methodology”, rather than a spectrum assignment scheme with predefined usage conditions.


The Cognitive Pilot Channel

• Cognitive Pilot Channel (CPC): enabler for the implementation of FSM strategies in future networks. – As part of a DSA (Dynamic Spectrum Allocation) scheme.– Allowing for a distributed decision making of the radio resource

management in heterogeneous networks. – The CPC currently focuses on the delivery of radio environment

information, a Public Advertiser CPC, a Private Advertiser CPC and a Hierarchical CPC have been identified.

– The case for both Cognitive Radio as well as a global channel to support cognitive radios in heterogeneous radio environments of the future has been acknowledged in the recent World Radio Conference (WRC’07).

– As part of the CPG (Conference Preparatory Group) Agenda proposal, a study item has been initiated.


Major Outcomes The Future of Spectrum Regulation


Major Outcomes Standardisation of a Cognitive Pilot Channel


Conclusion and outlook

• Paradigm shift is taking place– Spectrum regulation has come a long way, starting from a very rigid regime, to a more

negotiation & consensus regime, and partly already to a market oriented approach.

• The combination of “need for more bandwidth” and potential of “increasing, with technology means, the usage of available spectrum”, leads to new challenges for regulation.

• Spectrum regulation of the future will be more about processes and boundaries rather than use-technology specific.

• New technologies (for example Cognitive Radio Systems) will get infrastructure support . Both regulators and ITU have recognised the need.


Acknowledgement

• The joint authors of this paper are: – Didier Bourse, Motorola European Research Labs, France– Paul Bender, Bundes Netz Agentur, Germany– Benoist Deschamps, Agence Nationale des Frequence, France– Ben Smith, Radio Communications Agency, The Netherlands – Klaus Moessner, University of Surrey, United Kingdom

• This work was performed mainly in project E2R II which has received research funding from the Community's Sixth Framework program, parts of the work was performed in the project E3, supported by the Community’s Seventh Framework Programme. This paper reflects only the authors' views and the Community is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. The contributions of colleagues from the project consortia are hereby acknowledged.

session 6c, 11 th june 2008 ict-mobilesummit 2008 copyright 2008 ict-e3 e3e3 towards cognitive use...

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