sex-linked inheritance. genetically, what determines whether a fetus is a boy or girl? who...
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Sex-Linked Inheritance
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Genetically, what determines whether a fetus is a boy or girl?
Who determines gender, Mom or Dad? Explain.
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Explain how gender is determined Explain why sex-linked traits are more
common in males than in females
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Autosome Sex-linked chromosome Locus/Loci
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Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes 1-22 chromosome pairs◦are autosomal chromosomes (autosomes)◦ chromosomes not related to gender
23rd chromosome pair are the sex chromosomes◦XX = female◦XY = male
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Most X-linked genes ◦have no homologous loci (positions) on Y
Very few genes found on the Y chromosome◦most genes on the Y chromosome associated with
maleness (e.g. testes determining factor) More than 100 have now been mapped
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Father determines gender Donates Y chromosome to sons Donates X chromosome to daughters
Fathers cannot pass sex-linked traits to son because He doesn’t give them an X chromosome
Males receive X chromosome from mother So the mother passes sex-linked traits to son
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Pass sex-linked alleles (X) to both daughters and sons
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Females have fewer sex-linked disorders because ◦ It only shows up if homozygous recessive◦Females have two X chromosomes◦more often carriers of recessive allele
Males have only one X chromosome◦ If they have one disorder allele they have the
disorder◦more common to have sex-linked disorders
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Red-green colorblindness is a sex-linked trait.
The dominant allele, C, produces normal color vision
The recessive allele, c, produces red-green color blindness.’
If a man with normal color vision marries a color-blind woman, what is the chance of their having a color-blind son?
A color-blind daughter?
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Color blindness◦most commonly red-green color blindness◦X-linked recessive disorder◦ Individuals with this color blindness see fewer
than 25 colors◦Results from some or all of the receptors that
respond to red and green being weakened or absent
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Hemophilia A◦Causes lack of blood clotting◦X-linked recessive disorder◦Symptoms
tend to bruise easily internal bleeding can cause problems with muscles
and joints
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Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy◦disease that results in the progressive weakening
of skeletal muscle◦X-linked recessive disorder
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In 50 words or less, summarize the key
concepts from today's lesson.
PROPERTY OF PIMA COUNTY JTED, 2010 15
50 Word Summary