SHALE RESERVOIRSReservoir Characterization and Production Optimization

The Integrated Reservoir Solutions Division of Core Laboratories is offering a unique analytical program for the evaluation and optimization of gas shale reservoirs.

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Green RiverCane Creek

Bakken

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Niobrara

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Fernie

Green Beds

Grey Beds

Rock Creek

Poker Chip Shale

Nordegg

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Montney

ExshawIreton

Duvernay

• Total Gas Storage• Geochemical • Geological

• Geomechanical • Petrophysical • Stimulation and Production Properties

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Wellsite Service Setting the Industry Standard For: • Field Operations Planning • Sample Handling, Preparation, Preservation and Transportation (Rock and Fluid) • Collection of Early Time Desorption Data • Water Injection Fall-Off Test - Reservoir Pressure and Temperature - In-Situ Permeability - Skin Factor - Open or Cased Hole - Pre and Post Frac - Frac Gradient (Wellbore Stability Modeling) • Detailed Field Reports

Total Gas Content and Storage Assessments

A comprehensive assessment of sorption and free gas storage characteristics. These include gas storage and transmissi-bility, composition and physical properties of the sorbed and free phase gasses, and gas recovery factors.

Geochemical Analysis • Total Organic Carbon • Vitrinite Reflectance • Kerogen Types and Concentrations • Rock Eval Pyrolysis • Fluid (Gas and Water) Isotope Analyses

TOC S1 S2 S3 Tmax VRWell Depth (Wt. %) (mg/g) (mg/g) (mg/g) ( oC ) HI OI (% Ro)

3300.0 10.20 3.36 32.45 0.29 445 318 3 0.633398.0 5.50 2.43 14.07 0.22 449 256 4 0.673510.0 3.36 0.77 3.75 0.23 452 112 7 0.733606.0 4.54 1.91 9.05 0.22 456 199 5 0.73

Geological Evaluation

Geological characterization of gas shale reservoirs is critical to effective reservoir exploitation. Data and interpretation of depositional environment, facies, rock type, mineralogy, pore structure, clay type and fracture network are determined for each well. Petrographic analyses and rock type characterization support geological interpretations.

Geomechanical Properties

Fracture AnalysisA comprehensive description and evaluation of fracture networks aid in well placement, horizontal drilling plans and design of stimula-tion activity.

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Young's Modulus Interval

Poisson's Ratio Interval

Radial Strain Axial Strain

Compressional and shear wave veloci-ties at net overburden pressure• Dynamic values of Young’s Modulus, Shear Modulus & Poisson’s RatioRock mechanical (triaxial) static tests• Comprehensive Strength• Young’s Modulus• Poisson’s Ratio• Biot’s Poroelastic Parameter• Fracture Toughness

Core LaboratoriesIntegrated Reservoir Solutions Division

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Petrophysical Properties and Modeling

A core calibrated petrophysical model developed for each well requires physically measured laboratory data: • Porosity • Grain Density • Permeability • Bulk Density • Saturations • Vclay • Mineralogy • Vkerogen

Multi-Attribute Comparison

Compare and contrast a variety of reservoir parameters to differentiate play types between basins, in various wells within the same basin or field, and in different reservoirs in the same well bore.

Fracture Stimulation Design and Evaluation

Optimization • Evaluate Fracture Stimulation Design • Optimize Carrier Fluid, Proppant Type and Concentration • Determine Effective Fracture Half-Length • Determine Producing Permeability