Tom Hootman, AIA, LEED AP BD+C

RNL, Director of Sustainability

Shanti Pless, LEED AP

NREL, Commercial Buildings Research Group

WHO IS PURSUING NET ZERO ENERGY?

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New Buildings Institute

Getting to Zero 2012 Status Update: A

First Look at the Costs and Features of

Zero Energy Commercial Buildings

(March 2012)

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New Buildings Institute

Getting to Zero 2012 Status Update: A

First Look at the Costs and Features of

Zero Energy Commercial Buildings

(March 2012)

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New Buildings Institute

Getting to Zero 2012 Status Update: A

First Look at the Costs and Features of

Zero Energy Commercial Buildings

(March 2012)

California PUC 2030

ASHRAE Vision 2020

Federal / EISA 2030

Massachusetts 2030

Living Building Challenge

2030 Challenge

13 1K-5K

11 5K-10K 10K-25K 25K-50K

50K-100K >100K

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8 4 New Buildings Institute

Getting to Zero 2012 Status Update: A

First Look at the Costs and Features of

Zero Energy Commercial Buildings

(March 2012)

NREL – RESEARCH SUPPORT FACILITY

SMUD – CAMPUS OPERATIONS SINGAPORE – CASE STUDY

NREL – RESEARCH SUPPORT FACILITY II

DOE / NREL: Client

Haselden Construction: General Contractor

RNL: Architecture, Interiors, Landscape, Lighting

Stantec: MEP Engineering, Energy Modeling

KL&A: Structural Engineering

Martin/Martin: Civil Engineering

AEC: LEED, Daylight Modeling, Commissioning

Namaste Solar: Solar Consultant

Federal Office Building

222,000 SF

822 Occupants

$64M Firm Fixed Price

$57.4M Construction

Complete June 2010

Absolute energy target

Project objectives

Incentive award fee

Substantiation

Risk / reward / control balance

I want a green building

Design a LEED <rating> building

Design a building to use 30% less energy than ASHRAE 90.1-2004

Design a building to use less than 25,000 BTU/sqft

Design a net zero energy building

COMPLIANCE MODELING (Percent better than ASHRAE 90.1)

PREDICTIVE MODELING (Absolute energy target)

VERSUS

New Buildings Institute

Energy Performance of LEED for New Construction Buildings

(March 2008)

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Platinum Source: DBIA Project Database

Average Cost: $334/SF RSF Cost: $259/SF

Cost per

Square

Foot

Net Zero Site Energy Building

Net Zero Source Energy Building

Net Zero Energy Emissions Building

Net Zero Energy Cost Building

Demand-Side:

Reduce site energy though low-energy building

technologies

On-Site Supply:

Renewable energy within building footprint

Renewable energy within site

Off-Site Supply:

Renewable energy off site to generate energy on site

Purchase off-site renewable energy sources

Passive Design

Reduced Energy Use Baseline Energy Use

Efficient Systems

Dramatically Reduced

Energy Use

Renewable Energy

Energy driven form

115,000 SF

Conventional form

65,000 SF

<30%

Window to Wall Ratio

>70%

Window to Wall Ratio

6 watt task light

50 fc

Ambient daylight

Ambient lighting with

daylight sensors for 25 fc

Source: NREL, “Reducing Plug and Process Loads for a Large Scale, Low Energy Office Building: NREL’s Research Support Facility”

RSF Staff Parking

RSF Visitor Parking

RSF

RSF II

New Building = 35 kBtu/SF/year

Leased Building = 133 kBtu/SF/year

Annual Energy Savings = $275,590

20 Year NPV = $4.4M or $20/SF

30 Year NPV = $6.0M or $27/SF

Innovation for Our Energy Future

Measured Versus Modeled Monthly and Cumulative EUI

61

Cre

dit:

Chad L

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4

8

12

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24

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October2010

November2010

December2010

January2011

February2011

March2011

April2011

May2011

June2011

July2011

August2011

September2011

An

nu

al

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I (k

Btu

/ft2

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Mo

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(kB

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PV

Data Center

Mechanical Systems

Plug Loads

Lighting

Heating

Cooling

Model Annual EUI

RSF Annual EUI

The PV system is sized for an annual EUI of 35.1 kBtu/ft2.

Note: The annual EUI values are demand side values and do not include the

Innovation for Our Energy Future

October 2010 – September 2011 Lighting Power Density

Credit: Chad Lobato/NREL

0.00

0.03

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Po

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Time of Day

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October 2010

November 2010

December 2010

January 2011

February 2011

March 2011

April 2011

May 2011

June 2011

July 2011

August 2011

September 2011

Innovation for Our Energy Future

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Po

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Time of Day

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October 2010

November 2010

December 2010

January 2011

February 2011

March 2011

April 2011

May 2011

June 2011

July 2011

August 2011

September 2011

October 2010 – September 2011 Plug Load Power

Density

Note: The elevators are included in the plug loads

Credit: Matthew Luckwitz/NREL

Credit: Chad Lobato/NREL

WHAT ARE THE BEST PRACTICES?

1 Performance-based procurement

2

3

Predicting energy use

4

Passive architecture and load reduction

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6

Low energy active systems

Integrated renewable energy

Zero energy operation

WHO IS PURSUING NET ZERO ENERGY?